Image method for efficiently simulating small-room acoustics

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 65, Issue 4, 1979, Pages 943-950

  Allen, Jont B ^a   Berkley, David A ^a  

^a LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS;

EID: 0018455820     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: NA     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.382599     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Barbara McDermott and Jont Allen, “Perceptual Factors of Small Room Reverberation,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, S9 (A) (1976).
2. Jont B. Allen and B. J. McDermott, “A New Method for Measuring Perception of Room Reverberation” (unpublished).
3. C. F. Eyring, “Reverberation Time in‘Dead’ Rooms,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1, 217–241 (1930).
4. Di Mintzer, “Transient Sounds in Rooms,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22, 341–352 (1950).
5. R. H. Bolt, P. E. Doak, and P. J. Westervelt, “Pulse Statistics Analysis of Room Acoustics,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22, 328–339 (1950).
6. J. M. Berman, “Behavior of Sound in a Bounded Space,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57, 1275–1291 (1975).
7. E. K. Dunens and R. F. Lambert, “Impulsive Sound Response Statistics,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 61, 1524–1532 (1977).
8. J. R. Power, “Measurement of Absorption in Rooms with Sound Absorbing Ceilings,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 10, 98–101 (1938).
9. C. G. Mayo, “Standing Wave Patterns in Studio Acoustics,” Acustica 2, 49–64 (1951).
10. B. M. Gibbs and D. K. Jones, “A Simple Image Method for Calculating the Distribution of Sound Pressure Levels within an Enclosure,” Acustica 26, 24—32 (1972).
11. F. Santon, “Numerical Prediction of Echograms and the Intelligibility of Speech in Rooms,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 1399–1405 (1976).
12. By “approximate” we mean the blurring of the image as a result of the finite impedance wall. Variations in wall impedance as a function of frequency or other frequency dispersion effects will also make the images frequency dependent. In practice the two effects usually appear simultaneously.
13. A. R. Wentzel, “Propagation of Waves Along an Impedance Boundary,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 956–963 (1974).
14. S. Thomasson, “Reflection of Waves from a Point Source by an Impedance Boundary,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 780—785 (1976).
15. R. J. Donato, “Spherical Wave Reflections from a Boundary of Reactive Impedance using a Modification of Cagniard's Methods,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 999–1002 (1976).
16. Jont B. Allen, D. A. Berkley, and J. Bauert, “Multimicro-phone signal-processor technique to remove room reverberation from Speech Signals,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 912—915 (1977).
17. S. T. Neeley and Jont B. Allen, “Invertibility of a Room Impulse Response,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (in press).
18. P. M. Morse and K. U. Ingard, Theoretical Acoustics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968), Sec. 9.5.
19. Without the high-pass filter, the Fourier transform of p(t) shows a large energy spike at zero frequency as the absorption a goes to zero. This is in part a direct result of the no-pressure-release boundary conditions we have assumed and is further complicated by the assumption of an accelerative source, which is nonphysical for very low frequencies (less than 50 Hz).
20. J. J. Jetzt, “Critical Distance Measurement of Rooms from the Sound Energy Spectral Response,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (to be published).
21. Jont B. Allen, “FASTFILT—An FFT Based Filtering Program,”in IEEE Press book on Programs for Digital Signal Processing (IEEE Press, New York, 1979).
22. M. R. Schroeder, “New Method of Measuring Reverberation Time,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 37, 409–412 (1965).
23. Agreement is best for beta the same on all surfaces and variations appear when a pair of opposing walls are significantly different in reflectivity than all other surfaces, (as is the case for Figs. 2 and 3).
24. D.A. Berkley, “Normal Listeners in Typical Rooms: Reverberation Perception, Simulation and Reduction” (unpublished).