Some statistical properties of lake surface reverberation

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 64, Issue 3, 1978, Pages 858-868

  Frazer, Marshall E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LAKES;

SONAR;

EID: 0018011474     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: NA     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.382035     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. T. D. Plemons, J. A. Shooter, and D. Middleton, “Underwater Acoustics Scattering From Lake Surfaces. I. Theory, Experiment, and Validation of the Data,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 52, 1487–1502 (1972).
2. R. L. Swarts, “Covariance Structure of Surface Reverberation, ” Final Tech. Rep. under Office of Naval Research Contract No. 0014-69-h-0317. Honeywell Document No. 2387, Honeywell Marine Systems Division, Seattle, WA (10 March 1972).
3. D. Middleton, “A Statistical Theory of Reverberation and Similar First-Order Scattered Fields, Part I: Waveforms and the General Process,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory IT-13, 372–392 (1967).
4. D. Middleton, “A Statistical Theory of Reverberation and Similar First-Order Scattered Fields, Part II: Moments, Spectra, and Special Distributions, ” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory IT-13, 393–414 (1967).
5. D. Middleton, “A Statistical Theory of Reverberation and Similar First-Order Scattered Fields, Part HI: Waveforms and Fields,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory IT-18, 35–67 (1972).
6. D. Middleton, “A Statistical Theory of Reverberation and Similar First-Order Scattered Fields, Part IV: Statistical Models,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory IT-18, 68–90 (1972).
7. T. Arase and E. M. Arase, “Deep-Sea Ambient-Noise Statistics,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44, 1679–1684 (1968).
8. W. J. Jobst and S. L. Adams, “Statistical Analysis of Ambient Noise, ” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 63–71 (1977).
9. J. E. Blue, “Signal Detection in Inhomogeneous Reverberation, ” Appl. Res. Lab. Tech. Rep. No. 71–21 (ARL-TR-71-21), Univ. Texas at Austin (1 April 1971).
10. R. Batey and B. Korts, “Lake Travis Test Station,” Appl. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas at Austin (1973).
11. M. Frazer, “A Study of the Properties of the Outputs of a Multielement Sonar Receiving Array Operating in a Reverberant Environment, ” Appl. Res. Lab. Tech. Rep. No. 74–16 (ARL-TR-74-16), Univ. Texas at Austin (May 1974).
12. S. Siegel, Nonparametric Statistics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956).
13. As before, in Eq. (3) Max diff means the largest absolute difference.
14. E. S. Pearson, “A Further Development of Tests for Normality,” Biometrika 16, 239–249 (1930).
15. The nonnormality of bottom reverberation has been observed previously (Ref. 10).
16. H. Cramer, Mathematical Methods of Statistics (Princeton U. P., Princeton, NJ, 1971), pp. 378–379.
17. G. I. Bourianoff and C. W. Horton, Sr., “Ensemble and Time Averages of Reverberation From a Sea Surface: A Computer Study,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 49, 237–245 (1971).
18. C. W. Horton, Sr., “A Review of Reverberation, Scattering, and Echo Structure, ” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 51, 1049—1061 (1972); also, Appl. Res. Lab. Tech. Rep. No. 70–42 (ARL-TR-70-42), Univ. Texas at Austin (December 1970).
19. L. Fortuin, “Survey of Literature on Reflection and Scattering of Sound Waves at the Sea Surface, ” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 47, 1209–1228 (1970).