The Statistics of HF Sea-Echo Doppler Spectra

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 1977, Pages 19-28

  Barrick, Donald E ^a   Snider, Jack B ^a  

^a NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOPPLER EFFECT; STATISTICAL METHODS; SURFACE WAVES;

RADAR;

EID: 0017416187     PISSN: 0018926X     EISSN: 15582221     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TAP.1977.1141529     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. D. D. Crombie, “Doppler spectrum of sea echo at 13.56 Mc/s,” Nature, vol. 175, pp, 681-682, 1955.
2. J. R. Wait, “Theory of HF ground wave backscatter from sea waves,” J. Geophys. Res., vol, 71, pp. 4832-4839, 1966.
3. D. E. Barrick and W. H. Peake; “A review of scattering from surfaces with different roughness scales,” Radio Science, vol. 3, pp. 865–868, 1968.
4. D. E. Barrick, “First-order theory and analysis of MF/HF/VHF scatter from the sea,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. AP-20, pp, 2–10, 1972.
5. D. E. Barrick, “Remote sensing of sea state by radar,” in Remote Sensing of the Troposphere, V. E. Derr (Ed.), U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, DC: 1972. ch. 12.
6. A. E. Long and D. B. Trizna, “Mapping of North Atlantic winds by HF radar sea backscatter interpretation,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. AP-21, pp. 680–685, 1973.
7. D. E. Barrick, J. M. Headrick, R.W. Bogle, and D. D. Crombie, “Sea backscatter at HF: Interpretation and utilization of the echo,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 62, pp. 673–680, 1974.
8. G. V. Trunk, “Radar properties on non-Rayleigh sea clutter,” IEEE Trans. Aerospace and Electronics Syst., vol. AES-8, pp. 196–204. 1972.
9. A. Papoulis, “Narrowband systems and Gaussianity,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. IT-18, pp. 20–27, 1972.
10. A. Papoulis, Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965, p. 583.
11. S. O. Rice, “Reflection of electromagnetic waves from slightly rough surfaces,” Theory of Electromagnetic Waves, M. Kline, Ed. New York: Interscience, 1961, pp. 351–378.
12. B. Kinsman, Wind Waves. Englewood Ciffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1965, p. 676.
13. W. B. Davenport, Jr., and W. L. Root, An Introduction to the Theory of Random Signals and Noise. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1958, p. 393.
14. J. L. Ahearn, S. R. Curley, J. M. Headrick, and D. B. Trizna, “Tests of remote skywave measurement of ocean surface conditions,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 62, pp, 681–687, 1974.
15. R. V Hogg and A. T. Craig, Introduction to Mathematical Statistics. New York: Macmillan, 1959, p. 245.
16. R. M. Lhermite, “Motions of scatterers and the variance of the mean intensity of weather radar signals,” Sprery Rand Res. Center Program 38310, Rept. No. SRRC-RR-63-57, Atmospheric Physics Dept., Sudbury, MA, 1963.
17. F. E.Nathanson, Radar Design Principles. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969.