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Volumn 28, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 129-158

Mill occupations and soviets: The mobilisation of sugar workers in Cuba 1917-1933

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EID: 0013539052     PISSN: 0022216X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x00012669     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (129)
  • 2
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    • General Survey of Wages in Cuba, 1931 and 1932
    • December
    • 'General Survey of Wages in Cuba, 1931 and 1932', Monthly Labor Review, vol. 35 (December 1932), p. 140; Brian H. Pollitt, 'The Cuban Sugar Economy and the Great Depression', Bulletin of Latin American Research, vol. 3, no. 2 (1984), pp. 3-28.
    • (1932) Monthly Labor Review , vol.35 , pp. 140
  • 3
    • 0021549172 scopus 로고
    • The Cuban Sugar Economy and the Great Depression
    • 'General Survey of Wages in Cuba, 1931 and 1932', Monthly Labor Review, vol. 35 (December 1932), p. 140; Brian H. Pollitt, 'The Cuban Sugar Economy and the Great Depression', Bulletin of Latin American Research, vol. 3, no. 2 (1984), pp. 3-28.
    • (1984) Bulletin of Latin American Research , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 3-28
    • Pollitt, B.H.1
  • 4
    • 0006504269 scopus 로고
    • New York: The Macmillan Company
    • I. A. Wright, Cuba (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1910), pp. 481-2.
    • (1910) Cuba , pp. 481-482
    • Wright, I.A.1
  • 5
    • 5844257915 scopus 로고
    • New York
    • Foreign Policy Association, Prblems of the New Cuba (New York, 1935), p. 281.
    • (1935) Prblems of the New Cuba , pp. 281
  • 7
    • 84909218770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foreign Policy Association, Problems, p. 282.
    • Problems , pp. 282
  • 8
    • 5844333666 scopus 로고
    • año 29, 2 January
    • El Camagüeyano, año 29, No. 2, 2 January 1931; Ana Núñez Machín, Memoria amarga del azúcar (La Habana, 1981), p. 165.
    • (1931) El Camagüeyano , Issue.2
  • 10
    • 5844271082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Braga Collection: University of Florida, Gainesville [Henceforth Braga Papers]. RG II, Series IoC, f. 37, Manatí, Rionda, Salvador. Correspondence 1931. Salvador Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 24 July 1931; Salvador Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 25 Nov. 1931
    • The Braga Collection: University of Florida, Gainesville [Henceforth Braga Papers]. RG II, Series IoC, f. 37, Manatí, Rionda, Salvador. Correspondence 1931. Salvador Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 24 July 1931; Salvador Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 25 Nov. 1931.
  • 11
    • 5844310302 scopus 로고
    • Polítics Exterior. Leg. 2353. Ambassador Santiago Méndez de Vigo to Madrid, 9 Aug.
    • Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Extranjeros, Madrid [Henceforward AMAE], AMAE. Polítics Exterior. Leg. 2353. Ambassador Santiago Méndez de Vigo to Madrid, 9 Aug. 1930; Alberto Arredondo, Cuba: Tierra indefensa (La Habana, 1945), pp. 333-4.
    • (1930) Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Extranjeros, Madrid [Henceforward AMAE], AMAE
  • 12
    • 5844407676 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Extranjeros, Madrid [Henceforward AMAE], AMAE. Polítics Exterior. Leg. 2353. Ambassador Santiago Méndez de Vigo to Madrid, 9 Aug. 1930; Alberto Arredondo, Cuba: Tierra indefensa (La Habana, 1945), pp. 333-4.
    • (1945) Cuba: Tierra Indefensa , pp. 333-334
    • Arredondo, A.1
  • 13
    • 84885986178 scopus 로고
    • Supervision of Protectorate: The United States and the Cuban Army, 1898-1908
    • May
    • Louis Pérez, 'Supervision of Protectorate: The United States and the Cuban Army, 1898-1908', Hispanic American Historical Review, vol. 52, no. 2 (May 1972), pp. 260-2.
    • (1972) Hispanic American Historical Review , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 260-262
    • Pérez, L.1
  • 15
    • 5844353818 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • John Dumoulin, Azúcar y lucha de clases: 1917 (La Habana, 1980), pp. 56-7; Francisco Garcia, Tiempo muerto: Memorias de un trabajador azucarero (La Habana, 1969), pp. 24-5.
    • (1980) Azúcar y Lucha de Clases: 1917 , pp. 56-57
    • Dumoulin, J.1
  • 17
    • 4243615102 scopus 로고
    • El primer desarrollo del movimiento obrero y la formación del proletariado en el sector azucarero - Cruces 1886-1902
    • John Dumoulin, 'El primer desarrollo del movimiento obrero y la formación del proletariado en el sector azucarero - Cruces 1886-1902', Is/as, No. 48 (1974), pp. 5-66.
    • (1974) Is/as , Issue.48 , pp. 5-66
    • Dumoulin, J.1
  • 19
    • 60950167747 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Olga Cabrera, Los que viven par sus manos (La Habana, 1985), p. 213; Louis Pérez, 'Capital, Bureaucrats, and Policy: The Economic Contours of United States-Cuban Relations, 1916-1921', Inter-American Economic Affairs, vol. 29, no. 1 (1975), PP. 71-2.
    • (1985) Los Que Viven Par Sus Manos , pp. 213
    • Cabrera, O.1
  • 20
    • 5844264456 scopus 로고
    • Capital, Bureaucrats, and Policy: The Economic Contours of United States-Cuban Relations, 1916-1921
    • Olga Cabrera, Los que viven par sus manos (La Habana, 1985), p. 213; Louis Pérez, 'Capital, Bureaucrats, and Policy: The Economic Contours of United States-Cuban Relations, 1916-1921', Inter-American Economic Affairs, vol. 29, no. 1 (1975), PP. 71-2.
    • (1975) Inter-American Economic Affairs , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-72
    • Pérez, L.1
  • 22
  • 23
    • 5844398319 scopus 로고
    • año 1, 25 Sep.
    • For these strikes see Tierra, año 1, no. 7 (25 Sep. 1924), p. 3; año 1, no. 9 (9 Oct. 1924), p. 1; año 1, no. 10 (16 Oct. 1924), p. 4. See also Cabrera, Los que viven, pp. 303-11.
    • (1924) Tierra , Issue.7 , pp. 3
  • 24
    • 5844240346 scopus 로고
    • año 1 9 Oct.
    • For these strikes see Tierra, año 1, no. 7 (25 Sep. 1924), p. 3; año 1, no. 9 (9 Oct. 1924), p. 1; año 1, no. 10 (16 Oct. 1924), p. 4. See also Cabrera, Los que viven, pp. 303-11.
    • (1924) Tierra , Issue.9 , pp. 1
  • 25
    • 5844264458 scopus 로고
    • año 1, 16 Oct.
    • For these strikes see Tierra, año 1, no. 7 (25 Sep. 1924), p. 3; año 1, no. 9 (9 Oct. 1924), p. 1; año 1, no. 10 (16 Oct. 1924), p. 4. See also Cabrera, Los que viven, pp. 303-11.
    • (1924) Tierra , Issue.10 , pp. 4
  • 26
    • 5844280926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For these strikes see Tierra, año 1, no. 7 (25 Sep. 1924), p. 3; año 1, no. 9 (9 Oct. 1924), p. 1; año 1, no. 10 (16 Oct. 1924), p. 4. See also Cabrera, Los que viven, pp. 303-11.
    • Los Que Viven , pp. 303-311
    • Cabrera1
  • 28
    • 5844280928 scopus 로고
    • La fundación de la primera central sindical nacional de los trabajadores cubanos (Los congresos obreros de 1892 a 1954)
    • Juan Pérez de la Riva et al. (eds.), La Habana
    • Carlos del Toro, 'La fundación de la primera central sindical nacional de los trabajadores cubanos (Los congresos obreros de 1892 a 1954)', in Juan Pérez de la Riva et al. (eds.), La República Neocolonial. Anuario de Estudios Cubanos, no. 2 (La Habana, 1979), PP. 119-20.
    • (1979) La República Neocolonial. Anuario de Estudios Cubanos , Issue.2 , pp. 119-120
    • Toro, C.D.1
  • 31
    • 5844314384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Russian Centre for the Conservation and Study of Records of Modern History, Moscow, Comintern Archive [Henceforth RTsKhIDNI-Comintern]. 495/105/44
    • Russian Centre for the Conservation and Study of Records of Modern History, Moscow, Comintern Archive [Henceforth RTsKhIDNI-Comintern]. 495/105/44.
  • 32
    • 5844280929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ibid., p. 36
    • Ibid., p. 36.
  • 33
    • 84994719087 scopus 로고
    • El movimiento obrero cubano de 1925 a 1933
    • año vi, Aug.
    • Fabio Grobart, 'El movimiento obrero cubano de 1925 a 1933', Cuba Socialista, año vi, no. 60 (Aug. 1966), p. 113; José A. Tabares del Real, La revolución del 30: Sus dos últimos años (La Habana, 1973), p. 127; Raúl Roa, El fuego de la semilla en el surco (La Habana, 1982), p. 445.
    • (1966) Cuba Socialista , Issue.60 , pp. 113
    • Grobart, F.1
  • 34
    • 4243533702 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Fabio Grobart, 'El movimiento obrero cubano de 1925 a 1933', Cuba Socialista, año vi, no. 60 (Aug. 1966), p. 113; José A. Tabares del Real, La revolución del 30: Sus dos últimos años (La Habana, 1973), p. 127; Raúl Roa, El fuego de la semilla en el surco (La Habana, 1982), p. 445.
    • (1973) La Revolución del 30: Sus dos Últimos Años , pp. 127
    • Tabares Del Real, J.A.1
  • 35
    • 5844271081 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Fabio Grobart, 'El movimiento obrero cubano de 1925 a 1933', Cuba Socialista, año vi, no. 60 (Aug. 1966), p. 113; José A. Tabares del Real, La revolución del 30: Sus dos últimos años (La Habana, 1973), p. 127; Raúl Roa, El fuego de la semilla en el surco (La Habana, 1982), p. 445.
    • (1982) El Fuego de la Semilla en el Surco , pp. 445
    • Roa, R.1
  • 42
    • 5844243963 scopus 로고
    • Las contradicciones internas del imperialismo yanqui en Cuba y el alza del movimiento revolucionario
    • La Habana
    • ' Las contradicciones internas del imperialismo yanqui en Cuba y el alza del movimiento revolucionario', in Josefina Meza Paz, Rubén: anatología del pensamiento político (La Habana, 1976), pp. 446-7.
    • (1976) Rubén: Anatología del Pensamiento Político , pp. 446-447
    • Paz, J.M.1
  • 43
    • 5844407679 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Angel Garcia and Piotr Mironchuk, Los soviets obreros y campesinos en Cuba (La Habana, 1987), pp. 104-10. The actual occupation of the Mabay central, though, began on 6 September and the soviet was declared on the 14th.
    • (1987) Los Soviets Obreros y Campesinos en Cuba , pp. 104-110
    • Garcia, A.1    Mironchuk, P.2
  • 44
    • 5844327075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State Department Records on the Internal Affairs of Cuba: US National Archives [Henceforward USNA RG 59]. 837.00/3896 Sumner Welles to Secretary of State, Washington, 15 Sep. 1953
    • State Department Records on the Internal Affairs of Cuba: US National Archives [Henceforward USNA RG 59]. 837.00/3896 Sumner Welles to Secretary of State, Washington, 15 Sep. 1953.
  • 45
    • 5844245884 scopus 로고
    • [Henceforward USNA RG 94], USNA RG 84. Havana Embassy Post Records 850.4 Labor. Memorandum for Mr Wilson by Mr L. H. Woolsey, 30 Aug.
    • Post Records of the US Embassy at Havana: US National Archives [Henceforward USNA RG 94], USNA RG 84. Havana Embassy Post Records 850.4 Labor. Memorandum for Mr Wilson by Mr L. H. Woolsey, 30 Aug., 1933
    • (1933) Post Records of the US Embassy at Havana: US National Archives
  • 47
    • 5844227519 scopus 로고
    • Sumner Welles to Secretary of State, 6 Sep.
    • USNA RG 59. 837.00/3765. Sumner Welles to Secretary of State, 6 Sep. 1933; 837.00/3954. COMSPERON to OPNA V/INFO. USS Bainbridge, 11 Sep. 1933.
    • (1933) USNA RG 59. 837.00/3765
  • 50
    • 5844227515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendix no. 3
    • Rojas, Las luchas, Appendix no. 3, pp. 176-8.
    • Las Luchas , pp. 176-178
    • Rojas1
  • 51
    • 5844271080 scopus 로고
    • 28 Oct.
    • Havana Post, 28 Oct. 1953, p. 5; Efrain Morciego, El crimen de Cortaderas (La Habana, 1982); Ahora, 19 Nov. 1933, p. 1.
    • (1953) Havana Post , pp. 5
  • 52
    • 5844221674 scopus 로고
    • La Habana
    • Havana Post, 28 Oct. 1953, p. 5; Efrain Morciego, El crimen de Cortaderas (La Habana, 1982); Ahora, 19 Nov. 1933, p. 1.
    • (1982) El Crimen de Cortaderas
    • Morciego, E.1
  • 53
    • 5844252090 scopus 로고
    • 19 Nov.
    • Havana Post, 28 Oct. 1953, p. 5; Efrain Morciego, El crimen de Cortaderas (La Habana, 1982); Ahora, 19 Nov. 1933, p. 1.
    • (1933) Ahora , pp. 1
  • 55
    • 5844329852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This summary is based on an editorial published in the October 1933 issue of Zandera Roja (but dated September).
  • 57
    • 5844243959 scopus 로고
    • 21 Aug.
    • Daily Worker, 21 Aug. 1933, p. 6.
    • (1933) , pp. 6
    • Worker, D.1
  • 58
    • 5844310299 scopus 로고
    • 23 Aug.
    • Daily Worker, 23 Aug. 1933, p. 6.
    • (1933) Daily Worker , pp. 6
  • 59
    • 5844310299 scopus 로고
    • 4 Sep.
    • Daily Worker, 4 Sep. 1933, p. 6.
    • (1933) Daily Worker , pp. 6
  • 60
    • 5844407675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • British Foreign Office papers : Public Records Office, London [Henceforward PRO FO 371], PRO FO 371 A/7253/255/14. Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 26 Sep. 1933
    • British Foreign Office papers : Public Records Office, London [Henceforward PRO FO 371], PRO FO 371 A/7253/255/14. Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 26 Sep. 1933.
  • 61
    • 5844333663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USNA, RG 84 'Commanding Officer USS Dupont, 30 Sep. 1933'
    • USNA, RG 84 'Commanding Officer USS Dupont, 30 Sep. 1933'.
  • 62
    • 5844299128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USNA. RG 84 Cuba Embassy Post Records. Part 12 800 Cuba Reports From Ships, Commanding Officer, USS Taylor, Nipe Bay, 7 Nov. 1933. Commanding Officer to Commander, Special Service Squadron. Subject: USS Taylor - Visit to Nipe Bay
    • USNA. RG 84 Cuba Embassy Post Records. Part 12 800 Cuba Reports From Ships, Commanding Officer, USS Taylor, Nipe Bay, 7 Nov. 1933. Commanding Officer to Commander, Special Service Squadron. Subject: USS Taylor - Visit to Nipe Bay.
  • 63
    • 5844303890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17 Sep. 1933, año 1
    • Adelante, 17 Sep. 1933, año 1, no. 15. p. 11.
    • Adelante , Issue.15 , pp. 11
  • 64
    • 5844221673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 19 Sep. 1933, año 1
    • Adelante, 19 Sep. 1933, año 1, no. 17, P. 5.
    • , Issue.17 , pp. 5
    • Adelante1
  • 65
    • 5844243955 scopus 로고
    • año 1, 12 Oct.
    • Adelante, año 1, no. 25, 12 Oct. 1933. The Sindicato de Obreros de la Industria Azucarera de la Región de Guantánamo (with eight affiliated mill unions) appears to have supported the Grau government. It reached an agreement to return to work on 14 Sep. after a request to do so from the Grau administration.
    • (1933) Adelante , Issue.25
  • 66
    • 5844310300 scopus 로고
    • año 1, 14 Oct.
    • Adelante, año 1, no. 27, 14 Oct. 1933, p. 10.
    • (1933) Adelante , Issue.27 , pp. 10
  • 67
    • 5844227515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • appendix 3
    • Rojas, Las luchas, appendix 3, p. 176.
    • Las Luchas , pp. 176
    • Rojas1
  • 68
    • 5844310298 scopus 로고
    • 10 Oct. año 1
    • Adelante, 10 Oct. 1933, año 1, no. 23, p. 1.
    • (1933) Adelante , Issue.23 , pp. 1
  • 70
    • 5844271075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • PRO FO 371. A 7587/255/14. Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 9 Oct. 1933; Braga Papers RG II, Series IoC, Strikes in Cuba- 1923+ 1924 + . José Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 23 Sep. 1933, enclosing radio transcript from Manatí entitled 'Lo que quise decirle por teléfono hoy era', 22 Sep. 1933. USNA. RG 84. US Consulate General Havana. Part xiii 1933. 800 General. E. J. Barker, Turiguano Development Company and attached correspondence.
  • 71
    • 5844417046 scopus 로고
    • Cienfuegos durante la República neocolonial. Aspectos económicos, políticos y sociales (1902-1935)
    • Sep.-Dec.
    • Violeta Rovira González and María E. Olite Montesbravo, 'Cienfuegos durante la República neocolonial. Aspectos económicos, políticos y sociales (1902-1935)', Islas, No. 91 (Sep.-Dec. 1988), pp. 84-5.
    • (1988) Islas , Issue.91 , pp. 84-85
    • González, V.R.1    Olite Montesbravo, M.E.2
  • 72
    • 5844283100 scopus 로고
    • Aquellos primeros soviets cubanos
    • 16 Sep.
    • Juana Rosa Callaba, 'Aquellos primeros soviets cubanos', Bohemia, no. 75 (16 Sep. 1983), p. 80.
    • (1983) Bohemia , vol.75 , pp. 80
    • Callaba, J.R.1
  • 74
    • 5844240342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Hopton Jones to Grant Wilson, 16 Sep. 1933
    • A. Hopton Jones to Grant Wilson, 16 Sep. 1933.
  • 75
    • 85086525653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USNA RG 59. 837.5045/44
    • USNA RG 59. 837.5045/44. Alexander, 'Strikes by the Sugar Workers', p. 4; Sthel García Domínguez and Violeta Rovira González, ' Los soviets de Nazábal, Hormiguero y Parque Alto de la provincia de Las Villas', Islas, No. 4 (Oct.-Dec. 1968), p. 245.
    • Strikes by the Sugar Workers , pp. 4
    • Alexander1
  • 76
    • 5844250212 scopus 로고
    • Los soviets de Nazábal, Hormiguero y Parque Alto de la provincia de Las Villas
    • Oct.-Dec.
    • USNA RG 59. 837.5045/44. Alexander, 'Strikes by the Sugar Workers', p. 4; Sthel García Domínguez and Violeta Rovira González, ' Los soviets de Nazábal, Hormiguero y Parque Alto de la provincia de Las Villas', Islas, No. 4 (Oct.-Dec. 1968), p. 245.
    • (1968) Islas , Issue.4 , pp. 245
    • Domínguez, S.G.1    González, V.R.2
  • 77
    • 5844293697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 19 Sep. 1935
    • Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 19 Sep. 1935.
  • 78
    • 5844338657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ibid
    • Ibid.
  • 79
  • 80
    • 5844240341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rojas, Annex 5, pp. 188-9
    • Rojas, Annex 5, pp. 188-9.
  • 81
    • 5844250211 scopus 로고
    • año i, 13 Oct.
    • Adelante, año i, no. 26, 13 Oct. 1933, p. 12.
    • (1933) Adelante , Issue.26 , pp. 12
  • 82
    • 5844273629 scopus 로고
    • Series 11 Internal correspondence R to Manuel Rionda, 12 Sep.
    • See, for example, Braga Papers RG II, Series 11 Internal correspondence R to Manuel Rionda, 12 Sep. 1933; for Manatí, see Sergio Clark, 'Mensaje recibido desde Manatí 22 Sep. 1933'.
    • (1933) Braga Papers RG II
  • 84
    • 5844279146 scopus 로고
    • Series IoC. Strikes in Cuba 1923+ 1024 + . Sergio Clark, 'Mensaje recibido desde Manati September 22, 1953-12PM'; Estrada to Manuel Rionda, 25 Sep.
    • Braga Papers. Series IoC. Strikes in Cuba 1923+ 1024 + . Sergio Clark, 'Mensaje recibido desde Manati September 22, 1953-12PM'; Estrada to Manuel Rionda, 25 Sep. 1933.
    • (1933) Braga Papers
  • 85
    • 5844417045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USNA RG 59. 837.00/4207. Maurice Leonard to Edward Reed, 6 Oct. 1933 enclosed in Sumner Welles to Secretary of States, 11 Oct. 1933
    • USNA RG 59. 837.00/4207. Maurice Leonard to Edward Reed, 6 Oct. 1933 enclosed in Sumner Welles to Secretary of States, 11 Oct. 1933.
  • 87
    • 5844407673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mensaje recibido desde Manati, 22 Sept. 1933
    • Series n Internal Correspondence 1953-5. S. Clark
    • Braga Papers RG II, Series n Internal Correspondence 1953-5. S. Clark, 'Mensaje recibido desde Manati, 22 Sept. 1933'.
    • Braga Papers RG II
  • 88
    • 5844319255 scopus 로고
    • año 1, 15 Oct.
    • Adelante, año 1, no. 28, 15 Oct. 1933, p. 10.
    • (1933) Adelante , Issue.28 , pp. 10
  • 89
    • 5844257910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breve historia de la lucha en le central Mabay desde su fundación hasta el año 1933
    • Mirta Rosell, La Habana
    • Rogelio Recio Ramírez, 'Breve historia de la lucha en le central Mabay desde su fundación hasta el año 1933', in Mirta Rosell, Luchas obreras contra Machado (La Habana, 1975), P- 382.
    • (1975) Luchas Obreras Contra Machado , pp. 382
    • Ramírez, R.R.1
  • 90
    • 5844273629 scopus 로고
    • Series joC, Strikes in Cuba- 1923+ 1924 +. José Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 25 Sep.
    • Braga Papers RG II, Series joC, Strikes in Cuba- 1923+ 1924 +. José Rionda to Manuel Rionda, 25 Sep. 1933.
    • (1933) Braga Papers RG II
  • 94
    • 5844264451 scopus 로고
    • año 1, Dec. 10, Letter of December 9, 1933 signed A. V. Mompó, Luciano Torres and Delfin Rodriguez Obregón; RTsKhDNI-Comintern 495/105/80. Reunión del Grupo Sindical con el Secretariado del Partido, Oct. 12, 1933
    • Adelante, año 1, 76 (Dec. 10, 1933). Letter of December 9, 1933 signed A. V. Mompó, Luciano Torres and Delfin Rodriguez Obregón; RTsKhDNI-Comintern 495/105/80. Reunión del Grupo Sindical con el Secretariado del Partido, Oct. 12, 1933.
    • (1933) Adelante , vol.76
  • 95
    • 5844405143 scopus 로고
    • Un siglo de historia local: El barrio de Arango 1825-1933
    • Ivan Santos Victores and Hernán Venegas Delgado, 'Un siglo de historia local: el barrio de Arango 1825-1933', Islas, no. 63 (1979), pp. 58-9.
    • (1979) Islas , Issue.63 , pp. 58-59
    • Victores, I.S.1    Delgado, H.V.2
  • 98
    • 4243420619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • his (otherwise) excellent book (Havana)
    • This, for example, is the view of Alvarez Estévez in his (otherwise) excellent book Azúcar e inmigración 1900-1940 (Havana), p. 150.
    • Azúcar e Inmigración 1900-1940 , pp. 150
    • Estévez, A.1
  • 99
    • 5844327070 scopus 로고
    • 18 Oct.
    • Abora, 18 Oct. 1933, p. 1. The names included Wilford Walker, Oliver Ashby, John Walker etc. Many British West Indians used Spanish names during their period of work in Cuba so identification is difficult.
    • (1933) Abora , pp. 1
  • 100
    • 5844319259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRO FOFO 371 A7120/255/14. A. Hopton Jones to Grant Watson, 16 Sep. 1933 enclosed in Watson to London, 20 Sep. 1933
    • PRO FOFO 371 A7120/255/14. A. Hopton Jones to Grant Watson, 16 Sep. 1933 enclosed in Watson to London, 20 Sep. 1933.
  • 101
    • 5844250214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PROFO 371. A 7118/255/14. Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 19 Sep. 1933
    • PROFO 371. A 7118/255/14. Grant Watson to Foreign Office, London, 19 Sep. 1933.
  • 102
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