Forging an indirect strategy in Southeast Asia

Washington Quarterly

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 161-176

  Desker, Barry ^a   Ramakrishna, Kumar ^a  

^a NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0013423956     PISSN: 0163660X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/01636600252820207     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Michael Richardson, "Southeast Asia Bars Help of U.S. Troops," International Herald Tribune, December 14, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/41870.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
2. Ibid.
3. "Yishun Target in Group's Plans," Straits Times (Singapore), January 12, 2002, sec. A, p. 1.
4. "Militant Leader Met Terrorists in Selangor," Star (Malaysia), reprinted in Straits Times, January 12, 2002, sec. A, p. 23.
5. "Militant Leader Met Terrorists in Selangor," Star (Malaysia), reprinted in Straits Times, January 12, 2002, sec. A, p. 23.
6. "Yishun Target in Group's Plans," p. 1.
7. The Jemaah Islamiah (JI) purchased four tons of ammonium nitrate in Malaysia for use by the Singapore cell. JI members also made trips to Afghanistan via Malaysia and Pakistan. See "A Tale with Many Beginnings," Straits Times, January 12, 2002, sec. H, p. 2.
8. Deobandism, a branch of Sunni Islam, originally emerged in British India as a reform movement aimed at regenerating Muslim society as it struggled to live under British colonialism. In recent decades, however, clerics preaching the exclusionary tenets of Wahhabism have heavily impregnated and radicalized Deobandism as practiced in Pakistan.
9. Barry Wain, "Is Malaysia Using the War on Terror as a Political Tool?" Asian Wall Street Journal, December 12, 2001, p. 1.
10. "50 Malaysians with Al-Qaeda Links," Straits Times, January 12, 2002, sec. A, p. 23.
11. Rohan Gunaratna, "Al-Qaeda: The Asian Connection," Straits Times Interactive, January 4, 2002, www.straitstimes.asia1.com.sg/usattack/story/0,1870,94610-1010095200,00.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
12. "Alumni of Camps Run by Bin Laden Are Causing Alarm," Asian Wall Street Journal, December 14, 2001, p. 11.
13. Diarmid O'Sullivan, "Indonesia: Radicals Have Homegrown Causes," International Herald Tribune, December 26, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/42897.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
14. Gunaratna, "Al-Qaeda: The Asian Connection."
15. Robert A. Levine, "A Pair of Sober Questions about the Slog after Early Victories," International Herald Tribune, December 7, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/41118.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
16. Duncan Campbell, "Futile Campaign against the Head of a Hydra," Guardian Unlimited, November 21, 2001, www.guardian.co.uk/Print/0,3858,4303748,00.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
17. Michael Richardson, "Mahathir Boosted by Terrorism Stance," CNN.com, October 31, 2001, www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/10/31/malaysia.mahathir/ index.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
18. Atika Shubert, "Indonesia Braces for Friday Protests," CNN.com, October 11, 2001, www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/10/11x/ret.indon.protests/index.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
19. M. Ishaq Nadiri, "Rebuilding a Ravaged Land," New York Times, November 26, 2001, sec. A, p. 17, late edition.
20. Surin Pitsuwan, "Strategic Challenges Facing Islam in Southeast Asia" (lecture delivered at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies and the Centre for Contemporary Islamic Studies, Singapore, November 5, 2001) (hereinafter "Pitsuwan lecture").
21. Ibid.
22. Michael Richardson, "Seeking Allies in Terror War, U.S. Woos Southeast Asia," International Herald Tribune, November 29, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/40338.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
23. Dana Dillon and Paolo Pasicolan, "Fighting Terror in Southeast Asia," Asian Wall Street Journal, January 16, 2002, p. 6.
24. Michael Richardson, "U.S. to Aid Jakarta Army," International Herald Tribune, December 27, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/43089.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
25. See Rizal Sukma, "The Acehnese Rebellion: Secessionist Movement in Post-Suharto Indonesia," in Non-Traditional Security Issues in Southeast Asia, Andrew T. H. Tan and J. D. Kenneth Boutin, eds. (Singapore: Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies 2001), pp. 377-409.
26. Azyumardi Azra, "The Megawati Presidency: Challenge of Political Islam" (paper presented at the "Joint Public Forum on Indonesia: The First 100 Days of President Megawati," organized by the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies and the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, Singapore, November 1, 2001).
27. Shireen T. Hunter, "Religion, Politics, and Security in Central Asia," SAIS Review 21, no. 2 (summer-fall 2001): 72-81.
28. Ibid.
29. Karim Raslan, "Now a Historic Chance to Welcome Muslims into the System," International Herald Tribune, November 27, 2001, www.iht.com/articles/40072.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
30. Farish A. Noor, personal communication with author, October 21, 2001.
31. Pitsuwan lecture.
32. Raslan, "Now a Historic Chance to Welcome Muslims into the System," www.iht.com/ articles/40072.html.
33. Peter Ford, "Listening for Islam's Silent Majority," Christian Science Monitor, November 5, 2001, www.csmonitor.com/2001/1105/p1s2-wogi.html (accessed January 22, 2002).
34. Richardson, "Seeking Allies in Terror War, U.S. Woos Southeast Asia," www.iht.com/ articles/40338.html.
35. Ibid.