Variations of jewish feminism: The traditional, modern, and postmodern approaches

Modern Judaism

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 47-65

  Zaidman, Nurit ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0013338453     PISSN: 02761114     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/mj/16.1.47     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. S. Sharot, "Traditional, Modern, or Postmodern? Recent Developments among Jews in Israel" in Postmodernity, Sociology and Religion, ed. K. Flanagan and P. Jupp, forthcoming.
2. S. S. Sered, Women as Ritual Experts: The Religious Lives of Elderty Jewish Women in Jerusalem (New York, 1992).
3. Sharot, "Traditional, Modern, or Postmodern?"
4. R. Prell, "Sacred Categories and Social Relations: The Visibility and Invisibility of Gender in an American Jewish Community" in Judaism Viewed from Within and from Without, ed. H. E. Goldberg (New York, 1987), p. 173.
5. See Ellen M. Umansky, "Women in Judaism: From the Reform Movement to Contemporary Jewish Religious Feminism" in Women of Spirit: Female Leadership in the Jewish and Christian Traditions, ed. R. Ruether and E. McLaughlin (New York, 1979);
6. E. Tabory "Rights and Rites: Women's Roles in Liberal Religious Movements in Israel" in Sex Roles, Vol 11, Nos. 1/2 (1984), pp. 155-166.
7. E. D.J. Monson and R. G. Monson, The Evolving Role of Women in the Ritual of the American Synagogue (Philadelphia, 1978).
8. See Tabory, "Rights and Rites."
9. Ellen M. Umansky, "Spiritual Expressions: Jewish Women's Religious Life in the Twentieth-Century United States" in Jewish Women in Historical Perspective, ed. Judith Baskin (Detroit, 1991).
10. Mordecai Kaplan, M. "The Status of the Women in Jewish Law" in The Future of the American Jew (New York, 1948) p. 405.
11. T. R Alpert, "A Feminist Takes Stock of Reconstructionism" in Recmstructionism (July-August, 1989), pp. 18-19.
12. "Who is a Reconstructionist Jew?" issued by FRCH, RRA and RRC, n.d.
13. Based on the Reconstructionist position about gays and lesbians, as well as on the data about postmodern Reconstructionist feminists, one should question the validity of Liebman's argument (Charles Liebman, "Reconstructionism in American Jewish Life" in American Jewish Year Book, Vol. 71, ed. M. Fine and M. Himmelfarb [New York], 1970, pp. 3-99) that Reconstructionists reflect the American experience more than any other Jewish religious group.
14. See Alpert, "A Feminist Takes Stock," p. 17.
15. Jacob J. Staub "A Reconstructionist View on Patrilineal Descent" in Judaism: A Quarterly Journal of Jewish Life and Thought, Vol. 31, No. 1 (1985), p. 97.
16. T. R Alpert, "In God's Image: Coming to Terms with Leviticus" in Twice Blessed: On Being Lesbian, Gay, and Jewish, ed. C. Balka and A. Rose (Boston, 1989).
17. R. E. Prell-Foldes, "Coming of Age in Kelton: The Constraints on Gender Symbolism in Jewish Ritual" in Women in Ritual and Symbolic Roles, ed. J. Hoch-Smith and A. Spring (New York, 1978).
18. Liebman, "Reconstructionism in American Jewish Life," p. 47.
19. Kol Haneshamah (Wyncote, Pa., 1991), pp. 40-41.
20. Marcia Falk, "Notes on Composing New Blessings: Toward a Feminist-Jewish Reconstruction of Prayer" in Reconstructionist (December, 15, 1988), p. 14.
21. Judith Plaskow, Standing Again at Sinai: Judaism from a Feminist Perspective (San Francisco, 1990), pp. 144-145.
22. Starhawk, The Spiral Dance: A Rebirth of the Ancient Religion of the Great Goddess (San Francisco, 1989), p. 22
23. A ritual of burying the placenta is carried out by Ethiopian Jewish women. See L. Anteby, "Rituals of Birth and Death: The Construction of Identity for Ethiopian Jews" in Israel Social Science Research, Vol. 10, No. 2 (1995), in press.
24. See Plaskow, "Standing Again at Sinai," p. 146.
25. The Jewish Advocate, Boston, 27 March 1987, pp. 66-67.
26. The Baltimore Jewish Times, Baltimore, 24 April 1987, p. 7.
27. Arthur Green, "Bride, Spouse, Daughter Images of the Feminine Classical Jewish Sources" in On Being a Jewish Feminist, ed. Susannah Heschel (New York, 1983), p. 259.
28. Arthur Green, "Keeping Feminist Creativity Jewish" in Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Responsibility, Vol. 16, No. 305 (10 January 1986), p. 35.
29. J. Goss, "Reworking the Rabbi's Role," Lilith, Vol. 15, No. 4 (1990), p. 16.
30. Sered, Women as Ritual Experts.
31. see also Carol P. Christ and Judith Plaskow, "Introduction" in Womanspirit Rising: A Feminist Reader in Religion, ed. C. P. Christ and J. Plaskow (San Francisco, 1979), pp. 5-6,
32. and Umansky, "Spiritual Expressions."
33. See Prell-Folds, "Coming of Age in Kelton," p. 98.
34. S. B. Fishman, "The Impact of Feminism on American Jewish Life" in American Jewish Year Book, ed. D. Singer (New York, 1989).
35. "The New Age movement, narrowly defined, can best be seen as an occult-metaphysical revival movement. Through the 1980s it became a popular movement which enlivened the older occult-metaphysical community and which both drew many new adherents to it and gready assisted the spread of occult practices (such as astrology and meditation) and ideas (such as reincarnation) into the general population far beyond the boundaries of die New Age movement proper" (J. R. Lewis & M. Singer, "The New Age" in SYZYGY: Journal of Alternative Religion and Culture, Vol. 1, No. 3 (1992), p. 250.
36. See Jacob Staub, "Reconstructionism: Judaism for Today" in Judaism, Vol. 36, No. 2 (1987), p. 200.