Boron-free fibers for prevention of acid induced brittle fracture of composite insulator GRP rods

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 684-693

  Armentrout, Daniel L ^a   Kumosa, Maciej ^a   McQuarrie, Terry S ^b  

^a University of Denver   (United States)

^b Glasforms Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Brittle fracture; Composite (nonceramic) insulators; Glass reinforced polymer (GRP) rods; Stress corrosion cracking

Indexed keywords

BRITTLE FRACTURE; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; GLASS FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS; STRESS CORROSION CRACKING;

COMPOSITE SUSPENSION INSULATORS;

ELECTRIC INSULATORS;

EID: 0013229512     PISSN: 08858977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2003.813599     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. B. Noble, S. J. Harris, and M. J. Owen, "Stress corrosion cracking of GRP pultruded rods in acid environments," J. Mater. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 1244-1254, 1983.
2. S. J. Harris, B. Noble, and M. J. Owen, "Metallographic investigation of the damage caused to GRP by the combined action of electrical, mechanical, and chemical environments," J. Mater. Sci., vol. 19, pp. 1596-1604, 1984.
3. A. Akhtar, J. S. Nadeau, J. Y. Wang, D. P. Romily, and C. Taggart, "Brittle fracture of nonceramic insulators," Prepared by the British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority, Report for the Canadian Electrical Association (186 T 350), 1986.
4. M. J. Owen, S. J. Harris, and B. Noble, "Failure of high voltage electrical insulators with pultruded glass fiber-reinforced plastic cores," Composites, vol. 17, pp. 217-226, 1986.
5. A. Akhtar and J. Y. Wong, "Failure analysis of brittle fracture in nonceramic insulators," J. Comp. Tech. Res., vol. 9, pp. 95-100, 1987.
6. M. Kumosa et al., "Micro-fracture mechanisms in glass/polymer insulator materials under combined effects of electrical, mechanical and environmental stresses," EPRI and the WAPA, Oregon Grad. Inst, of Sci. and Tech., Final Report to the Bonneville Power Admin., 1994.
7. M. Kumosa, Q. Qiu, E. Bennett, C. Ek, T. S. McQuarrie, and J. M. Braun, "Brittle fracture of nonceramic insulators," in Proc. Fracture Mech. Hydroelectric Power Syst. Symp.: Canadian Committee for Research on the Strength and Fracture of Materials (CSFM), BC Hydro, 1994, pp. 235-254.
8. Q. Qiu, "Brittle fracture mechanisms of glass fiber reinforced polymer insulators," Ph.D. dissertation, Oregon Grad. Inst, of Sci. & Tech., 1995.
9. M. Kumosa and Q. Qiu, "Failure analysis of composite insulators (failure investigation of 500 kv nonceramic insulators for pacific gas & electric company)," Final Rep. to the Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Dept. Eng., Univ. Denver, 1996.
10. M. Kumosa, H. Shankara Narayan, Q. Qiu, and A. Bansal, "Brittle fracture of nonceramic suspension insulators with epoxy cone end-fittings," Comp. Sci. Tech., vol. 57, pp. 739-751, 1997.
11. Interviews with Maciej Kumosa, "Research of brittle fractures in composite insulators," Insulator News Market Rep., pp. 46-51, July/Aug. 1997.
12. A. R. Chughtai, D. M. Smith, and M. Kumosa, "Chemical analysis of a field-failed composite suspension insulator," Comp. Sci. Tech., vol. 58, pp. 1641-1647, 1998.
13. T. Ely, D. Armentrout, and M. Kumosa, "Evaluation of stress corrosion properties of pultruded glass fiber/polymer composite materials," J. Comput. Math., vol. 35, pp. 751-773, 2001.
14. M. Kumosa et al., "Micro-fracture mechanisms in glass/polymer insulator materials under the combined effect of mechanical, electrical and environmental stresses," Final Rep. to BPA, APA, PG&E, WAPA and NRECA, Univ. Denver, Dec. 1998.
15. D. Armentrout, T. Ely, S. Carpenter, and M. Kumosa, "An investigation of brittle fracture in composite materials used for high voltage insulators," J. Acoust. Emission, vol. 16, pp. S10-S18, 1998.
16. T. Ely and M. Kumosa, "The stress corrosion experiments on an e-glass/epoxy unidirectional composite," J. Comput. Math., vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 841-878, 2000.
17. S. H. Carpenter and M. Kumosa, "An investigation of brittle fracture of composite insulator rods in an acid environment with either static or cyclic loading," J. Math. Sci., vol. 35, pp. 4465-4476, 2000.
18. M. Kuhl, "FRP rods for brittle fracture resistant composite insulators," IEEE Trans. Dielect. Elect. Insulation, vol. 8, pp. 182-190, Apr. 2001.
19. C. de Tourreil, L. Pargamin, G. Thévenet, and S. Prat, "Brittle fracture of composite insulators: why and how they occur," in Power Eng. Soc. Summer Meeting, vol. 4, 2000, pp. 2569-2574.
20. T. S. McQuarrie, "Improved dielectric & brittle fracture resistant core rods for nonceramic insulators," in Proc. World Congr. Insulator Technol. Year 2000 Beyond, Barcelona, Spain, Nov. 14-17, 1999.
21. A. G. Metcalfe and G. K. Schmitz, "Mechanism of stress corrosion in E glass filaments," Glass Tech., vol. 13, p. 5, 1972.
22. J. F. Mandell, D. D. Huang, and F. J. McGarry, "Tensile fatigue performance of glass fiber dominated composites," Comp. Tech. Rev., vol. 3, pp. 96-102, 1981.
23. D. Hull, M. Kumosa, and J. N. Price, "Stress corrosion of aligned glass fiber-polyester composite material," Materials Science and Technology, vol. 1, pp. 177-182, 1985.
24. B. Das, B. D. Tucker, and J. C. Watson, "Acid corrosion analysis of fiberglass," J. Math. Sci., vol. 26, pp. 6606-6612, 1991.
25. Q. Qiu and M. Kumosa, "Corrosion of E-glass fibers in acidic environments," Comp. Sci. Technol., vol. 57, pp. 497-507, 1997.
26. N. Price and D. Hull, "Propagation of stress corrosion cracks in aligned glass fiber composite materials," J. Math. Sci., vol. 18, p. 2798, 1983.
27. M. Kumosa, D. Hull, and J. N. Price, "Acoustic emission from stress corrosion cracks in aligned GRP," J. Math. Sci., vol. 22, pp. 331-336, 1987.
28. M. Kumosa, "Acoustic emission monitoring of stress corrosion cracks in aligned GRP," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 20, pp. 69-74, 1987.
29. M. Megel, L. Kumosa, T. Ely, D. Armentrout, and M. Kumosa, "Initiation of stress-corrosion cracking in unidirectional glass/polymer composite materials," Comp. Sci. Tech., vol. 61, pp. 231-246, 2001.
30. L. Kumosa, D. Armentrout, and M. Kumosa, "An evaluation of the critical conditions for the initiation of stress corrosion cracking in unidirectional e-glass/polymer composites," Comp. Sci. Technol., vol. 61, pp. 615-623, 2001.