Export controls in russia: Policies and practices

Nonproliferation Review

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 139-151

  Orlov, Vladimir A ^a  

^a Moscow based PIR Center   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0012980019     PISSN: 10736700     EISSN: 17461766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10736709908436786     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Roland Timerbaev, “How the Soviet Union Helped China Develop the A- Bomb,” Yaderny Kontrol, No. 3 (May-June 1998), p. 79.
2. Ob Obshikh Vyzovakh Bezopasnostina Rubezhe XXI Veka (A joint statement of the Russian and US Presidents), Press release of the Press Service of the President of the Russian Federation, September 2, 1998, p. 2.
3. Ob Obshikh Vyzovakh Bezopasnostina Rubezhe XXI Veka “Russia, Israel Vow to Cooperate in Curbing Weapons,” Los Angeles Times, March 23, 1999, p. 4.
4. Statement by the FSB director, “On the issue of control over nonproliferation of WMD and their delivery vehicles,” Press Release by the FSB Public Relations Service, May 6, 1998, pp. 1-2.
5. Voprosy Bezopasnosti. No. 51, April 1999, pp. 9-10.
6. Nil Polyus, which is subject to the US sanctions: Yuri Snegirev, “Pochtovy Yashik iz spiska Klintona (A Closed Enterprise from Clinton’s List),” Izvestiya, August 20, 1998, p. 4.
7. The article has a very symptomatic lead: “The United States hates competitors in a market of unique technology.”Interfax, April 4, 1999.
8. Izvestia, I., April 6, 1999, p. 1.
9. Victor Mikhailov. “Uchet I Kontrol Yademykh Materialov: Vzglyad Glavy Minatoma (Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials: Views of Minatom’s Head),” Yaderny Kontrol, No. 2 (February 1995), pp. 10-11.
10. Victor Mikhailov " A part of this “new rivalry” is the leakage of information on export control violations, by both sides, to the media. Americans started by providing the media with confidential information on Russian companies linked to Iranian missile imports.
11. Olga Semyonova, “Taktika dvoynykh standartov (Double-standard tactics),” Nezavisimoye Voennoye Obozreniye, No. 32 (Au-’ gust 28 - September 3, 1998), p. 6.
12. Alexander Zdanovich, “V obkhod zakona raketami ne torguem (We do not sell missiles in violation of the law),” Rossiyskaya Gazeta, July 1,1998, p. 8.
13. Judith Miller, “Iranians, Bioweapons in Mind, Lure Needy Ex-Soviet Scientists,” New York Times, December 8,1998.
14. David Hoffmann, “Idled Arms Experts in Russia Pose Threat,” Washington Post, December 28,1998, p. A1
15. Aleksandra Perevedyentseva, “Utechka umov iz yademoy fiziki (Brain Drain in Nuclear Physics),” Kommersant- Daily, July 25, 1998, p. 9.
16. As Gen. Gennady Yevstafiev, of the Russian SVR, stated in Voprosy Bezopasnosti, No. 51 (April 1999).
17. Vladimir Orlov and Anna Otkina, “Lessons of the Gyroscope Deal,” Yaderny Kontrol, No. 1 (January-February 1998).
18. Ivan Safranchuk, “Russian-Iranian Cooperation and Export Controls,” PIR Study Papers, No. 8 (November 1998).
19. Dmitry Litovkin, “Indian Nuclear Submarine Development Program: Russian Participation,” Yaderny Kontrol Digest 10 (Spring 1999), p. 50
20. Dmitry Litovkin “Deli strout atomnuyu submarinu (New Delhi Constructs a Nuclear Submarine),” Krasnaya Zvezda, July 15, 1998, p. 3;
21. Sergei Golotyuk and Yuri Golotyuk, “Yademoye sotrudnichestvo Moskvy I Deli (Nuclear Cooperation between Moscow and New Delhi),” Russki Telegraph, July 1, 1998, p. 1.
22. Alexey Rey, “Sensitive Exports and Export Controls in Russia,” PIR Study Papers, No. 9, December 1998, pp. 15-20.
23. Semyonova, S., “Taktika dvoynykh standartov,” p. 6.
24. Voprosy Bezopasnosti, No. 51 (April 1999).
25. Nikolai Uspensky, “Exportny Kontrol - Odin iz Klyuchevykh Elementov Natsionalnoy Bezopasnosti (Export Controls as a Key Element of National Security),” Yaderny Kontrol, No. 3 (June-July 1999), pp. 7-8.
26. Nikolai Uspensky “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice,” PIR Center Conference, February 25, 1999.
27. Yury Baturin (President’s National Security Assistant, Secretary ofthe Defense Council);
28. Sergei Yastrzhembsky (Presidential Aide and Press Secretary)
29. Yakov Urinson (Vice Prime Minister and Chairman of the governmental Export Control Commission)
30. Andrei Kokoshin (Secretary of the Security Council)
31. Nikolai Bordyuzha (Head of the President’s Office and Secretary of the Security Council).
32. Nikolai Uspensky, “Export Controls as a Key Element,” p. 8.
33. Alexander Zarubin, of the National Security Council, July 1999.
34. Press Release of the Security Council ofthe Russian Federation, February 12, 1999, p. I.
35. Voprosy Bezopasnosti, No. 51, April 1999.
36. Vladimir Orlov, “Chto Vygodno Minatomu..Pro et Contra (Summer 1997), pp. 33-54.
37. Vladimir Orlov and Anna Otkina, “Lessons of the Gyroscope Deal,” Yaderny Kontrol, No. 1 (January-February 1998).
38. Vladimir Orlov and Anna Otkina “Radiatsiya ne proydet,” Krasnaya Zvezda, March 20, 1999, p. 3.
39. O sostoyanii sotrudnichestva mezhdy GTK Rossii I Ministerstvom Energetiki SshA v osushestvlenii programmy “Vtoraya liniya sashity” (On Cooperation between the State Customs Committee of Russian Federation and the US department of Energy in Implementation of the “Second Line of Defense Program”), State Customs Committee of the Russian Federation, June 1999.
40. Department Chief ofthe State Customs Committee Nikolai ravchenko, June 1996.
41. Vladimir Orlov and William C. Potter, “The Mystery of the Sunken Gyros,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 54 (November-December 1998), pp. 35-36.
42. Ivan Safranchuk, “Iran’s Nuclear and Missile Programs and Russia’s Security,” Yaderny Kontrol Digest, No. 10, Spring 1999..
43. Former Russian senior governmental official (name withheld by request), interview by author, December 1998.
44. Vladimir Orlov, “Russia, Iran, Iraq, and Export Controls,” 77ie Monitor 4 (Spring-Summer 1998).
45. Tape Recording of “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice,” PIR Center Conference, February 25, 1999.
46. Tape Recording of “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice,” PIR Center Conference
47. Tape Recording of “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice, “Law on Export Controls,” Russian State Duma, p. 27.
48. Tape Recording of “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice, “Law on Export Controls,.
49. Tape Recording of “Export Controls: Legislation and Practice, “Law on Export Controls
50. Valeri Draganov, “Integratsiya v tamozhennom dele (Integration in the Customs Issues),” Nezavisimaya Gazeta, November 24, 1998, p. 5.
51. Krasnaya Zvezda (October 16,1998, p. 8)
52. Interfax, I., March 24,1999.
53. Moscow News Confidential, February 1993, p. 14.
54. Izvestia, I., June 15, 1999, p. 1.
55. Sergey Kondaurov, “Wassenaar Arrangements and Problems of Export Controls of Conventional Arms, Goods, and Technology,” unpublished manuscript, p. 22.