Spatial dependence of electron-hole pair creation in ion-solid and electron-solid interactions

Scanning Microscopy

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 9-32

  Garcia de Abajo F J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY UPV EHU   (Spain)

Author keywords

Electron emission; Plasmons; Surfaces; Wake potential

Indexed keywords

BIOMECHANICS; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; GEOMETRY; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

EID: 0012830120     PISSN: 08917035     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Ashley JC, Tung CJ, Ritchie RH (1979) Electron inelastic mean free paths and energy losses in solids. Surf Sci 81: 409-426.
2. Baroody EM (1950) A theory of secondary electron emission from metals. Phys Rev 78: 780-787.
3. Boersch H, Geiger J, Stickel W (1968) Anregung von Kristallgitterschwingungen durch Elektronenstrahlen (Excitation of crystal lattice oscillations by electron beams). Z Phys 212: 130-145.
4. Brice D, Sigmund P (1980) Secondary electron spectra in the free electron gas. Mat Phys Medd Dan Vid Selsk 40: no. 8, 5-34.
5. Bruining H (1954) Physics and Applications of Secondary Electron Emission. Pergamon Press, London. p. 137.
6. Burkhard M, Rothard H, Biedermann C, Kemmler J, Kroneberger K, Koschar P, Heil O, Groeneveld KO (1987) Heavy-ion-induced shock electrons from sputter-cleaned solid surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 58: 1773-1775.
7. Chan D, Richmond P (1976) Static and dynamic interactions with spatially dispersive media. J Phys C9: 163-168.
8. Chung MS, Everhart TE (1977) Role of plasmon decay in secondary electron emission in the nearly-free-electron metals. Application to aluminum. Phys Rev B15: 4699-4715.
9. Cowley JM (1982) Surface energies and structure of small crystals. Surf Sci 114: 587-606.
10. Devooght J, Dehaes JC, Dubus A, Cailler M, Ganachaud JP (1991) Theoretical description of secondary electron emission induced by electron or ion beams impinging on solids. In: Particle Induced Electron Emission I. Höhler G, Niekisch EA (eds.). Springer Tracts in Modern Physics 122: 67-128.
11. Drucker J, Schenfein MR (1993) Delocalized secondary-electron generation studied by momentum-resolved coincidence-electron spectroscopy. Phys Rev B47: 15973-15975.
12. Echenique PM, Pendry JB (1975) Absorption profile at surfaces. J Phys C8: 2936-2942.
13. Echenique PM, Ritchie RH, Brandt W (1979) Spatial excitation patterns induced by swift ions in condensed matter. Phys Rev B20: 2567-2580.
14. Echenique PM, Bausells J, Rivacoba A (1987) Energy-loss probability in electron microscopy. Phys Rev B35: 1521-1524.
15. Echenique PM, Flores F, Ritchie RH (1990) Dynamic screening of ions in condensed matter. Solid State Phys 43: 229-308.
16. Eguiluz AG (1985) Self-consistent static-density-response function of a metal surface in density-functional theory. Phys Rev B31: 3303-3314.
17. Eriksson HG, Karlsson BR, Wijewardena KAIL (1985) Oscillatory polarization potential induced at a surface by a penetrating charge. Phys Rev B31: 843-849.
18. Ferrel TL, Echenique PM (1985) Generation of surface excitations of dielectric spheres by an external electron beam. Phys Rev Lett 55: 1526-1529.
19. Flores F, García-Moliner F (1979) Self-energy of a fast-moving charge near a surface. J Phys C12: 907-924.
20. García de Abajo FJ (1995) The role of surface plasmons in ion-induced kinetic electron emission. Nucl Instr Meth B98: 445-449.
21. García de Abajo FJ, Echenique PM (1992) Wake-potential formation in a thin film Phys Rev B45: 8771-8774.
22. García de Abajo FJ, Echenique PM (1992) Wake potential in the vicinity of a surface. Phys Rev B46: 2663-2675.
23. García de Abajo FJ, Echenique PM (1993) Surface wake in the random-phase approximation. Phys Rev B48: 13399-13407.
24. García de Abajo FJ, Echenique PM (1993) Ion-induced electron emission in grazing ion-surface collisions. Nucl Instr Meth B79: 15-20.
25. Gaspar JA, Eguiluz AG, Mills DL (1995) Theory of ion-stimulated electron emission from simple metals: Explicit calculations. Phys Rev B51: 14604-14611.
26. Glasser ML, Gumbs G (1987) Screened potential for planar charged sheets within a semi-infinite Landau-quantized plasma. Phys Rev B35: 7490-7495.
27. Gumbs G, Glasser ML (1988) Wake potential of a swift ion near a metal surface. Phys Rev B37: 1391-1394.
28. Hasselkamp D (1991) Kinetic electron emission from solid surfaces under ion bombardment. In: Particle Induced Electron Emission II. Höhler G, Niekisch EA (eds.). Springer Tracts in Modern Physics 123: 1-95.
29. Hegmann A, Zimny R, Ortjohann HW, Winter H, Miskovic ZL (1994) Angle-resolved emission of low-energy electrons in grazing collisions of protons with an Al(111)-surface. Europhys Lett 26: 383-388.
30. Heinrichs J (1973) Response of metal surfaces to static and moving point charges and to polarizable charge distributions. Phys Rev B8: 1346-1364.
31. Horing NJM, Tso HC, Gumbs G (1987) Fast-particle energy loss in the vicinity of a two-dimensional plasma. Phys Rev B36: 1588-1594.
32. Howie A, Milne RH (1985) Excitations at interfaces and small particles. Ultramicroscopy 18: 427-434.
33. Inglesfield JE, Wikborg E (1974) Surface plasmons in free-electron metals. Solid State Commun 14: 661-664.
34. Kruit P (1993) Nanometer resolution analysis of surfaces. Surf Sci 287/288: 1067-1069.
35. Libenson BN, Rumyantsev VV (1984) Energy loss by a fast charged particle moving parallel to a surface. Sov Phys JETP 59: 999-1005.
36. Lindhard J (1954) On the properties of a gas of charged particles. Kgl Dans Vidensk Selsk Mat Fys Medd 28: no. 8, 1-57.
37. Lucas AA, Sunjic M (1972) Fast-electron spectroscopy of surface excitations. Phys Rev Lett 26: 229-232.
38. Lundqvist BI (1967) Single-particle spectrum of the degenerate electron gas II. Phys Kondens Mater 6: 206-217.
39. Marks LD (1982) Observation of the image force for fast electrons near an MgO surface. Solid State Commun 43: 727-729.
40. Mermin ND (1970) Lindhard dielectric function in the relaxation-time approximation. Phys Rev B1: 2362-2363.
41. Messiah A (1964) Quantum Mechanics. Wiley, New York. pp. 328-329.
42. Mills DL (1993) Theory of electron emission stimulated by charged particle reflection from simple metals; glancing incidence. Surf Sci 294: 161-183.
43. Müllejans H (1992) Secondary electron emission in coincidence with primary energy losses. Doctoral Thesis. University of Cambridge, U.K. pp. 58-59.
44. Müllejans H, Bleloch AL, Howie A, Tomita M (1993) Secondary electron coincidence detection and time-of-flight spectroscopy. Ultramicroscopy 52: 360-368.
45. Neufeld J, Ritchie RH (1955) Passage of charged particles through plasma. Phys Rev 98: 1632-1642.
46. Neufeld J, Ritchie RH (1955) Density effect in ionization energy loss of charged particles. Phys Rev 99: 1125-1128.
47. Newns DM (1970) Dielectric response of a semi-infinite degenerate electron gas. Phys Rev B1: 3304-3322.
48. Núñez R, Echenique PM, Ritchie RH (1980) The energy loss of energetic ions moving near a solid surface. J Phys C13: 4229-4246.
49. Penn DR (1987) Electron mean-free-path calculations using a model dielectric function. Phys Rev B35: 482-486.
50. Pijper FJ, Kruit P (1991) Detection of energy-selected secondary electrons in coincidence with energy-loss events in thin carbon foils. Phys Rev B44: 9192-9200.
51. Rau C, Zheng NJ (1993) Grazing-angle ion-induced electron excitation at metal surfaces. J Phys: Condens Matter 5: A249-A252.
52. Ritchie RH (1957) Plasma losses by fast electrons in thin films. Phys Rev 106: 874-881.
53. Ritchie RH (1959) Interaction of charged particles with a degenerate Fermi-Dirac electron gas. Phys Rev 114: 644-654.
54. Ritchie RH (1966) Coupled electron-hole cascade in a free electron gas. J Appl Phys 37: 2276-2278.
55. Ritchie RH (1981) Quantal aspects of the spatial resolution of energy-loss measurements in electron microscopy. Phil Mag A44: 931-942.
56. Ritchie RH, Ashley JC (1965) The interaction of hot electrons with a free electron gas. J Phys Chem Solids 26: 1689-1694.
57. Ritchie RH, Howie A (1988) Inelastic scattering probabilities in scanning transmission electron microscopy. Phil Mag A58: 753-767.
58. Ritchie RH, Marusak AL (1966) The surface plasmon dispersion relation for an electron gas. Surf Sci 4: 234-240.
59. Ritchie RH, Garber FW, Nakai MY, Birkhoff RD (1969) Low energy electron mean free paths in solids. Adv Rad Biol 3: 1-28.
60. Ritchie RH, Hamm RN, Turner JE, Wright HA, Ashley JC, Basbas GJ (1989) Physical aspects of charged particle track structure. Nucl Tracks Radiat Meas 16: 141-155.
61. Ritchie RH, Howie A, Echenique PM, Basbas GJ, Ferrell TL, Ashley JC (1990) Plasmons in scanning transmission electron microscopy electron spectra. Scanning Microsc Suppl 4: 45-56.
62. Ritchie RH, Hamm RN, Ashley JC, Echenique PM (1991) Electron spectra in solids. In: Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces. Gras-Martí A, Urbassek HM, Arista NR, Flores F (eds.). Plenum Press, New York. pp. 197-225.
63. Rivacoba A, Echenique PM (1990) Surface corrections to bulk energy losses in scanning transmission electron microscopy of spheres. Scanning Microsc 4: 73-78.
64. Romanov YuA, Aleshkin VYa (1981) Interaction of charges moving near the surface of a solid. Sov Phys Solid State 23: 47-49.
65. Rösler M, Brauer W (1991) Theory of electron emission from nearly-free-electron metals by proton and electron bombardment. In: Particle Induced Electron Emission I. Höhler G, Niekisch EA (eds.). Springer Tracts in Modern Physics 122: 1-65.
66. Rothard H, Kroneberger K, Burkhard M, Biedermann C, Kemmler J, Heil O, Groeneveld KO (1989) Refraction of directed shock electrons at planar solid surfaces. J de Physique 50(C2): 105-110.
67. Rutherford E (1905). Charge carried by the α and β rays of radium. Phil Mag 10: 193-208.
68. Scheinfein MR, Drucker J, Weiss JK (1993) Secondary-electron production pathways determined by coincidence electron spectroscopy. Phys Rev B47: 4068-4071.
69. Schou J (1988) Secondary electron emission from solids by electron and proton bombardment. Scanning Microsc 2: 607-632.
70. Sternglass EJ (1957) Theory of secondary electron emission by high-speed ions. Phys Rev 108: 1-12.
71. Suzuki K, Kitagawa M, Ohtsuki YH (1977) Theory of surf-riding electrons on the wake potential of ion beams in a metal. Phys Stat Sol B82: 643-650.
72. Thomson JJ (1904) On the positive electrification of α rays, and the emission of slowly moving cathode rays by radio-active substances. Proc. of the Cambridge Philosophical Soc. 13: 49-54.
73. Voreades D (1976) Secondary electron emission from thin carbon films. Surf Sci 60: 325-348.
74. Wilems RE (1968) Nonlinear interactions in quantum plasmas. Doctoral Thesis. University of Tennessee. Also published as an Oak Ridge Natl Lab Report ORNL-TM-2101 authored by Wilems RE, Ritchie RH.
75. Wolff PA (1954) Theory of secondary electron cascade in metals. Phys Rev 95: 56-66.
76. Zabala N, Echenique PM (1990) Energy loss of fast electrons moving near plane boundaries with dispersive media. Ultramicroscopy 32: 327-335.
77. Zheng NJ, Rau C (1993) Excitation of quasi-particles during grazing-angle ion reflection at Al surfaces. J Vac Sci Technol A11: 2095-2098.