Evaluation of Gravel Stiffness by Pulse Wave Transmission Tests

Geotechnical Testing Journal

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 506-521

  Modoni, G ^a   Flora, A ^b   Mancuso, C ^b   Viggiani, C ^b   Tatsuoka, F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CASSINO AND SOUTHERN LAZIO   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

Author keywords

Anisotropy; Geophones; Gravel; Inhomogeneity; Stiffness; Trigger; Wave velocity

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; GRAVEL; SHEAR FLOW; SHEAR WAVES; STIFFNESS; STRAIN RATE; WAVE PROPAGATION;

COARSE-GRAINED MATERIALS; GEOPHONES; INHOMOGENEITIES; LABORATORY TECHNIQUES; SMALL-STRAIN STIFFNESS; TRIGGER; WAVE PROPAGATION MEASUREMENTS; WAVE VELOCITY;

WAVE TRANSMISSION;

EID: 0012390553     PISSN: 01496115     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1520/gtj11071j     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Atkinson, J. H. and Sallfors, G., 1991, "Experimental Determination of Soil Properties," Proceedings of 10th ECSMFE, Florence, Vol. 3, pp. 915-956.
2. Burland, J. B., 1989, "Ninth Bjerrum Memorial Lecture: Small is Beautiful - The Stiffness of Soils at Small Strains," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, pp. 499-516.
3. Fam, M. and Santamarina, J. C., 1997, "A Study of Consolidation Using Mechanical and Electromagnetic Waves," Geotechnique, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 203-219.
4. Flora, A. and Modoni, G., 1997, "Upgrading Equipment and Procedures for Stress Path Triaxial Testing of Coarse Grained Materials," Geotechnical Testing Journal, ASTM, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 459-469.
5. Graham, J. and Houlsby, G. T., 1983, "Elastic Anisotropy of a Natural Clay," Geotechnique, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 165-180.
6. Hardin, B. O. and Richart, F. E., 1963, "Elastic Wave Velocities in Granular Soils," Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 33-65.
7. Hoque, E., Sato, T., and Tatsuoka, F., 1997, "Performance Evaluation of LDTs for Use in Triaxial Tests," Geotechnical Testing Journal, ASTM, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 149-167.
8. Hoque, E., Tatsuoka, F., and Sato, T., 1996, "Measuring Anisotropic Elastic Properties of Sand Using a Large Triaxial Specimen," Geotechnical Testing Journal, ASTM, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 411-420.
9. Hoque, E. and Tatsuoka, F., 1997, "Anisotropy in the Elastic Deformation of Granular Materials," Soils and Foundations, Vol. 38, No. 1.
10. Jang, G. L., Tatsuoka, F., Flora, A., and Koseki, J., 1997, "Inherent and Stress Induced Anisotropy in Very Small Strain Stiffness of a Sandy Gravel," Geotechnique, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 509-522.
11. max from Bender Element Tests," Geotechnique, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 357-362.
12. Ladd, R. S., 1978, "Preparing Test Specimen Using Undercompaction," Geotechnical Testing Journal, ASTM, Vol. 1, pp. 16-23.
13. Lawrence, F. V., 1963, "Propagation of Ultrasonic Waves Through Sand," Report R63-08, Massachussets Institute of Technology, Boston.
14. Lee, S. K. and Stokoe, K. H., II, 1986, "Investigation of Low Amplitude Shear Wave Velocity in Anisotropic Material," Report GR 86-6, University of Texas at Austin.
15. Mancuso, C. and Vinale, F., 1988, "Propagazione delle onde sismiche: teoria e misura in sito, Atti del Convegno del Gruppo Nazionale di Coordinamento per gli Studi di Ingegneria Geotecnica," Monselice, Rome: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, pp. 115-138.
16. Mancuso, C., Silvestri, F., and Vinale, F., 1993, "Stress-Strain Behaviour of a Dam Core Material by Field and Laboratory Dynamic Test," Proceedings, International Symposium on Hard Soil and Soft Rocks, Athens.
17. Mindlin, R. D., 1949, "Compliance of Elastic Bodies in Contact," Journal of Applied Mechanics, September, pp. 259-268.
18. Modoni, G., 1999, "Analisi sperimentale e modellazione del comportamento meccanico dei terreni a grana grossa," Ph.D. thesis, University of Napoli.
19. Nishio, S. and Tamaoki, K., 1990, "Stress Dependency of Shear Wave Velocities in Diluvial Gravel Samples During Triaxial Compression Tests," Soils and Foundations, Vol. 30, No. 4, Dec. 1990, pp. 42-52.
20. Richart, F. E., Hall, J. R., and Woods R. D., 1970, Vibration of Soils and Foundations, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
21. Roesler, S. K., 1979, "Anisotropic Shear Modulus Due to Stress Anisotropy," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 105, No. GT5, July, pp. 871-880.
22. Sanches-Salinero, I., Roesset, J. M., and Stokoe, K. H. II, 1986, "Analytical Studies of Body Wave Propagation and Attenuation," Report Gr 86-15, University of Texas, Austin.
23. Schmertmann, J. H., 1978, "Effect of Shear Stress on Dynamic Bulk Modulus of Sand," U.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Report, S-78-16.
24. Shirley, D. J. and Anderson, A. L., 1975, "Acoustical and Engineering Properties of Sediments," Applied Research-Laboratories, the University of Texas, Austin, Report No. ARL-TR-75-58.
25. Stokoe, K. H. II, Lee, N. K. J., and Lee, H. H., 1991, "Characterization of Soil in Calibration Chambers with Seismic Waves," Proceedings, 1st International Symposium on Calibration Chamber Testing, Potsdam, New York, pp. 363-376.
26. Stokoe, K. H. II, Hwang, S. K., Lee, N. K. J., and Andrus, R. D., 1995, "Effects of Various Parameters on the Stiffness and Damping of Soils at Small to Medium Strains," Pre-failure Deformation of Geomaterials, Sapporo.
27. Suddhiprakarn, C., 1984, "Wave Propagation in Heterogeneous Media," Report GR 84-6, University of Texas at Austin.
28. Tanaka, Y., Kokusho, T., Okamoto, T., and Kudo, K., 1995, "Evaluation of Initial Shear Modulus of Gravelly Soil by Laboratory Test and PS-Logging," Pre-failure Deformation of Geomaterials, Shibuya, Mitachi, and Miura, Eds., 1994 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 54 10 399 X, pp. 47-53.
29. Tatsuoka, F. and Shibuya, S., 1992, "Deformation Characteristics of Soils and Rocks from Field and Laboratory Tests," Report of the Institute of Industrial Science of the University of Tokyo, Vol. 37, No. 1, March 1992.
30. Tatsuoka, F. and Kohata, Y., 1995, "Stiffness of Hard Soils and Soft Rocks in Engineering Applications," Keynote Lecture, Proceedings, IS-Hokkaido '94, pp. 947-1063.
31. Tatsuoka, F., Jardine, R. J., Lo Presti, D., Di Benedetto, H., and Kodaka, T., 1997, "Characterizing the Pre-Failure Deformation Properties of Geomaterials," Theme Lecture, XIV ICSMFE, Hamburg.
32. Troncoso, J. H., 1989, "In Situ Impulse Test for Determination of Soil Shear Modulus as a Function of Strain," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.
33. Viggiani, G. and Atkinson, J. H., 1995, "The Interpretation of the Bender Element Tests," Geotechnique, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 149-155.