Integrated solutions to environmental protection in process R and D

Chimia

Volumn 51, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 184-188

  Mak, Ching Pong ^a   Mühle, Herbert ^a   Achini, Roland ^a  

^a NOVARTIS PHARMA AG   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0012322364     PISSN: 00094293     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. G.P. Pisano, S.C. Wheelwright, Harvard Business Review 1995, September-October, 93.
2. G.P. Pisano, S.C. Wheelwright, Genetic Engineering News 1996, 31.
3. The described procedures were developed and established in Sandoz Pharma. They will have to be harmonized with the procedures of former Ciba and will continue as redefined Novartis Pharma practice.
4. D. Wasmuth, 'Umweltfreundliche Alkohol-Oxidationen mit aktivierten Sulfiden/Sulfoxiden', Poster presented at the New Swiss Chemical Society Meeting, October 16, 1992.
5. B.M. Trost, Angew. Chemie 1995, 107, 285.
6. W. Mueller, D.A. Lowe, H. Neijd, S. Urwyler, P.L. Herrling, D. Blaser, D. Seebach, Helv. Chim. Acta 1992, 75, 855; the yield cited therein has since been improved dramatically by Chemical Development.
7. G. Penn, U. Beutler, D. Wasmuth, B. Schenkel, J. Mazacek, Chimia 1996, 50, 154.
8. As can be seen from the example in Scheme 1, atom economy is not always possible, but a delicate balance between chemistry, process, and environmental protection is required.
9. R. Spaar, G. Suter, 'A Simplified Hazard Analysis Scheme for Use in Process Development', Lecture presented at the 7th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries, Taormina, Italy, May 4-8, 1992.