Hypnotic responsiveness, nonhypnotic suggestibility, and responsiveness to social influence

Hypnosis and Imagination

Volumn , Issue , 2018, Pages 147-175

  Gwynn, Maxwell I ^a   Spanos, Nicholas P ^b  

^a WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b CARLETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0011991955     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781315224374-8     Document Type: Chapter

References (149)

1. G. W. Allport, The Historical Background of Modem Social Psychology, in The Handbook of Social Psychology, Voi. 1, G. Lindzey and E. Aronson (eds.), Addison-Wesley, Reading, Missouri, pp. 1-80, 1968.
2. W. MacDougall, Introduction to Social Psychology, Methuen, London, 1908.
3. H. J. Eysenck, W. J. Arnold, and R. Meili, Encyclopedia of Psychology: Vol. 2, L to Z, Herder and Herder, New York, 1972.
4. J. F. Schumaker, Human Suggestibility: Advances in Theory, Research, and Application, Routledge, New York, 1991.
5. H. M. Bemheim, Hypnotisme et suggestion, Doin et Fils, Paris, 1910.
6. J. Braid, The Power of the Mind over the Body, in Foundations of Hypnosis: From Mesmer to Freud, M. M. Tinterow (ed.), Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1846/1970. (Original work published in London by J. Churchill, 1846.)
7. A. Forel, Hypnotism and Psychotherapy, Allied Book Company, New York, 1907.
8. C. L. Hull, Hypnosis and Suggestibility, Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1933.
9. B. Sidis, The Psychology of Suggestion, Appleton, New York, 1898.
10. G. Jahoda, Some Historical and Cultural Aspects of Suggestion, in Suggestion and Suggestibility: Theory and Research, V. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H. J. Eysenck, and R. Rosenthal (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 255-262, 1989.
11. B. Franklin, S. Majault, J. B. LeRoy, J. S. Bailly, J. D’Arcet, G. De Bory, J. I. Guillotin, and A. L. Lavoisier, Report on Animal Magnestism, in Foundations of Hypnosis from Mesmer to Freud, M. M. Tinterow (ed.), Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 82-128, 1785/1970.
12. F. A. Mesmer, Memoire sur la Decouverte du magnetisme animal, 1779 (trans. Mesmerism, London: MacDonald, 1948).
13. N. P. Spanos and J. Gottlieb, Demonic Possession, Mesmerism and Hysteria: A Social Psychological Perspective on their Historical Interrelationships, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, pp. 527-546, 1979.
14. N. P. Spanos and J. F. Chaves, History and Historiography of Hypnosis, in Theories of Hypnosis: Current Models and Perspectives, S. J. Lynn and J. W. Rhue (eds.), Guilford, New York, pp. 43-78, 1991.
15. P. Janet, Psychological Healing, Crowel 1-Collier and Macmillan, New York, 1925.
16. R. W. White and B. J. Shevach, Hypnosis and the Concept of Dissociation, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 37, pp. 309-328, 1942.
17. A. Binet, La suggestibilite, Schleicher Freres, Paris, 1900.
18. C. E. Seashore, Measurement of Illusions and Hallucinations in Normal Life, Studies from the Yale Psychological Laboratories, 2, pp. 1-67, 1895.
19. C. H. Cooley, Human Nature and the Social Order, Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1922.
20. G. H. Mead, Mind, Self and Society, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1934.
21. R. W. White, A Preface to the Theory of Hypnotism, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 36, pp. 477-505, 1941.
22. T. X. Barber, Hypnosis: A Scientific Approach, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1969.
23. T. X. Barber, Suggested (“Hypnotic”) Behavior: The Trance Paradigm Versus an Alternative Paradigm, in Hypnosis: Developments in Research and New Perspectives (2nd Edition), E. Fromm and R. E. Shor (eds.), Aldine, New York, pp. 217-271, 1979.
24. T. R. Sarbin and W. C. Coe, Hypnosis: A Social Psychological Analysis of Influence Communication, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1972.
25. N. P. Spanos, Hypnotic Behavior: A Social Psychological Interpretation of Amnesia, Analgesia, and Trance Logic, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 9, pp. 449-467, 1986.
26. K. S. Bowers, Hypnosis for the Seriously Curious, Brooks/Cole, Monterey, California, 1967.
27. F. J. Evans, Suggestibility in the Normal Waking State, Psychological Bulletin, 67, pp. 114-129, 1967.
28. E. R. Hilgard, Divided Consciousness: Multiple Controls in Human Thought and Action, Wiley, New York, 1977.
29. M. T. Ome, The Construct of Hypnosis: Implications of the Definition for Research and Practice, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 296, pp. 14-33, 1977.
30. M. J. Diamond, Hypnotizability is Modifiable, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 25, pp. 147-165, 1977.
31. N. P. Spanos and W. C. Coe, A Social Psychological Approach to Hypnosis, in Contemporary Hypnosis Research, E. Fromm and M. R. Nash (eds.), Guilford Press, New York, pp. 102-130, 1992.
32. N. P. Spanos, Interpretational Sets, Hypnotic Responding, and the Modification of Hypnotizability, in Suggestion and Suggestibility: Theory and Research, V. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H. J. Eysenck, and R. Rosenthal (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 169-176, 1989.
33. F. Aveling and H. Hargreaves, Suggestibility With and Without Prestige in Children, British Journal of Psychology, 11, pp. 53-75, 1921.
34. C. Bird, Social Psychology, Appleton-Century, New York, 1940.
35. B. A. Gheorghiu, Relationship between Suggestion and Hypnosis: A Critical Survey, in Third European Congress of Hypnosis in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, G. Guantieri (ed.), Padavo, Italy, pp. 107-117,1984.
36. H. J. Eysenck and W. D. Fumeaux, Primary and Secondary Suggestibility: An Experimental and Statistical Study, Journal of Experimental Psychology, 35, pp. 485-503, 1945.
37. V. A. Gheorghiu, G. Meiu, A. Onofrei, and G. Timofte, Experimental Investigation on Suggestibility: Effects of Direct and Indirect Suggestion, Revue Roumaine des Sciences Sociales, Serie de Psychologie, 10, pp. 163-174, 1966.
38. A. G. Hammer, F. J. Evans, and M. Bartlett, Factors in Hypnosis and Suggestion, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, pp. 15-23, 1963.
39. M. A. Otis, A Study of Suggestibility of Children, Archives of Psychology, 11:10, 1924.
40. W. Brown, Individual and Sex Differences in Suggestibility, University of California Publications in Psychology, 2, pp. 291-430, 1916.
41. G. H. Estabrooks, Experimental Studies in Suggestion, Journal of Genetic Psychology, 36, pp. 120-139, 1929.
42. F. V. Grimes, An Experimental Analysis of the Nature of Suggestibility and of its Relation to Other Psychological Factors, Studies in Psychology and Psychiatry at the Catholic University of America, 7:4, 1948.
43. A. L. Benton and A. Bandura, “Primary” and “Secondary” Suggestibility, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, pp. 336-340, 1953.
44. A. J. Yates, Abnormalities of Psychomotor Functions, in Handbook of Abnormal Psychology, H. J. Eysenck (ed.), Pitman Medical, London, pp. 32-61, 1960.
45. H. J. Eysenck, Suggestibility and Hysteria, Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 36, pp. 349-354, 1943.
46. J. D. Duke, Intercorrelational Status of Suggestibility Tests and Hypnotizability, The Psychological Record, 14, pp. 71-80, 1964.
47. K.-G. Stukat, Suggestibility: A Factorial and Experimental Model, Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm, 1958.
48. V. A Gheorghiu, The Development of Research on Suggestibility: Critical Considerations, in Suggestion and Suggestibility: Theory and Research, V. A. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H. J. Eysenck, and R. Rosenthal (eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989.
49. H. H. L. Abraham, The Suggestible Personality: A Psychological Investigation of Susceptibility to Persuasion, Acta Psycholgica, 20, pp. 167-184, 1962.
50. T. X. Barber, Hypnotizability, Suggestibility, and Personality: V. A Critical Review of Research Findings, Psychological Reports, 14 (Monograph Supplement 3), 1964.
51. L. Berkowitz and R. M. Lundy, Personality Characteristics Related to Susceptibility to Influence by Peers or Authority Figures, Journal of Personality, 25, pp. 306-316, 1957.
52. L. W. Ferguson, An Analysis of the Generality of Suggestibility to Group Opinion, Character and Personality, 12, pp. 237-243, 1944.
53. J. R. Hilgard, Personality and Hypnosis: A Study of Imaginative Involvement, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1970.
54. S. J. Ceci, D. F. Ross, and M. P. Toglia, Are Differences in Suggestibility: Narrowing and Uncertainties, in Children's Eyewitness Memory, S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, and D. F. Ross (eds.), Springer, New York, pp. 79-91, 1987.
55. T. E. Coffin, Some Conditions of Suggestion and Suggestibility: A Study of Certain Attitudinal and Situational Factors Influencing the Process of Suggestion, Psychological Monographs, 53, pp. 1-121, 1941.
56. B. Latane and S. W. Wolfe, The Social Impact of Majorities and Minorities, Psychological Review, 88, pp. 438-453, 1981.
57. S. Moscovi and B. Personnaz, Studies in Social Influence. V. Minority Influence and Conversion Behavior in a Perceptual Task, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, pp. 270-282, 1980.
58. I. L. Janis and P. B. Field, Sex Differences and Personality Factors Related to Persuasibility, in Personality and Persuasibility, C. I. Hovland and I. L. Janis (eds.), Yale University Press, New Haven, pp. 55-68, 1959.
59. W. J. McGuire, Personality and Susceptibility to Social Influence, in Handbook of Personality Theory and Research, E. F. Borgatta and W. W. Lambert (eds.), Rand McNally, Chicago, pp. 1130-1187, 1968.
60. M. Sherif and C. Sherif, Reference Groups: Explorations into Conformity and Deviation in Adolescents, Harper and Row, New York, 1964.
61. 113, pp. 197-215, 1983.
62. P. R. Nail, Toward an Integration of Some Models and Theories of Social Responses, Psychological Bulletin, 100, pp. 190-206, 1986.
63. W. O. Bearden, R. G. Netemeyer, and J. E. Teel, Measurement of Consumer Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence, Journal of Consumer Research, 15, pp. 473-481, 1989.
64. B. L. Cutler and R. N. Wolfe, Construct Validity of the Concern for Appropriateness Scale, Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, pp. 318-323, 1985.
65. A. L. Porterfield, F. S. Mayer, K. G. Dougherty, K. E. Kredich, M. M. Kronberg, K. M. Marsee, and Y. Okazaki, Private Self-consciousness, Canned Laughter, and Responses to Humorous Stimuli, Journal of Research in Personality, 22, pp. 409-423, 1988.
66. F. Sistrunk, Two Processes of Conformity Demonstrated by Interactions of Commitment, Set, and Personality, Journal of Social Psychology, 89, pp. 63-72, 1973.
67. G. H. Gudjonsson, Historical Background to Suggestibility: How Interrogative Suggestibility Differs from Other Types of Suggestibility, Personality and Individual Differences, 8, pp. 347-355, 1987.
68. E. P. Hollander and R. H. Willis, Some Current Issues in the Psychology of Conformity and Nonconformity, Psychological Bulletin, 68, pp. 62-76, 1967.
69. C. I. Hovland and I. L. Janis, Personality and Persuasibility, Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, 1959.
70. R. K. Moore, Susceptibility to Hypnosis and Susceptibility to Social Influence, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 68, pp. 282-294, 1964.
71. S. Schachter, The Psychology of Affiliation; Experimental Studies of the Sources of Gregariousness, Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1959.
72. M Sherif, A Study of Some Social Factors in Perception, Archives of Psychology, 27:187, 1935.
73. A. Patel and J. Gordon, Some Personal and Situational Determinants of Yielding to Influence, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 61, pp. 411-418, 1960.
74. H. Reitan and M. Shaw, Group Membership, Sex, Composition of the Group, and Conformity Behavior, Journal of Social Psychology, 64, pp. 45-51, 1964.
75. J. Whittaker, Sex Differences and Susceptibility to Interpersonal Persuasion, Journal of Social Psychology, 66, pp. 91-94, 1965.
76. T. F. Pettigrew, The Measurement and Correlation of Category Width as a Cognitive Variable, Journal of Psychology, 26, pp. 532-544, 1958.
77. H. A. H. Eagly and L. L. Carli, Sex of Researchers and Sex-typed Communications as Determinants of Sex Differences in Influencibility: A Meta-analysis of Social Influence Studies, Psychological Bulletin, 90, pp. 1-20, 1981.
78. F. L. Fink, L. D. Rey, K. W. Johnson, K. I. Spenner, D. R. Morton, and E. T. Flores, The Effects of Family Occupation Type, Sex, and Appeal on Helping Behavior, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 11, pp. 43-52, 1975.
79. R. T. Santee and S. F. Jackson, Identity Implications of Conformity: Sex Differences in Normative and Attributional Judgments, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, pp. 690-700, 1982.
80. W. L. Nord, Social Exchange Theory: An Integrative Approach to Social Conformity, Psychological Bulletin, 71, pp. 174-208, 1969.
81. F. Sistrunk and J. W. McDavid, A Comparison of the Socially Influenced Behavior of College Students and College Dropouts, Psychonomic Science, 15, pp. 411-418, 1971.
82. A. M. Weitzenhoffer and E. R. Hilgard, The Stanford Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Forms A and B, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, California, 1959.
83. M. L. Shames, Hypnotic Susceptibility and Conformity: On the Mediational Mechanism of Suggestibility, Psychological Reports, 49, pp. 563-566, 1981.
84. H. Spiegel, An Eye-roll Test for Hypnotizability, American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 14, pp. 25-28, 1970.
85. N. P. Spanos and T. X. Barber, Behavior Modification and Hypnosis, Progress in Behavior Modification, 3, pp. 1-44, 1976.
86. G. F. Wagstaff, Hypnosis, Compliance, and Belief, St. Martin’s Press, New York, 1981.
87. R. J. Miller, The Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility as a Predictor of Nonhypnotic Suggestibility, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 28, pp. 46-52, 1980.
88. G. W. Farthing, S. W. Brown, and M. Venturino, Effects of Hypnotizability and Mental Imagery on Signal Detection Sensitivity and Response Bias, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 30, pp. 289-305, 1982.
89. K. R. Graham and L. M. Schwartz, Suggested Deafness and Auditory Signal Detectability, Proceedings of the 81 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, 8, pp. 1091-1092, 1973.
90. B. Jones and N. P. Spanos, Suggestions for Altered Auditory Sensitivity, the Negative Subject Effect and Hypnotic Susceptibility: A Signal Detection Analysis, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, pp. 637-647, 1982.
91. B. Wallace, J. B. Garrett, and S. P. Anstadt, Hypnotic Susceptibility, Suggestion, and Reports of Autokinetic Movement, American Journal of Psychology, 87, pp. 117-123, 1974.
92. P. Hajek and J. Spacek, Territory, Hypnotic Susceptibility, and Social Influence: A Pilot Study, British Journal of Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis, 4, pp. 115-117, 1987.
93. J. R. Council and D. Loge, Suggestibility and Confidence in False Perceptions: A Pilot Study, British Journal of Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis, 5, pp. 95-98, 1988.
94. K. R. Graham and L. D. Green, Hypnotic Susceptibility Related to an Independent Measure of Compliance—Alumni Annual Giving: A Brief Communication, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 29, pp. 66-76, 1981.
95. J. M. Malott, A. L. Bourg, and H. J. Crawford, The Effects of Hypnosis upon Cognitive Responses to Persuasive Communication, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 37, pp. 31-40, 1989.
96. L. D. Bertrand, The Assessment and Modification of Hypnotic Susceptibility, in Hypnosis: The Cognitive Behavioral Perspective, N. P. Spanos and J. F. Chaves (eds.), Prometheus, Buffalo, 1989.
97. N. P. Spanos, Hypnosis and the Modification of Hypnotic Susceptibility: A Social Psychological Perspective, in What is Hypnosis?, P. L. N. Naish (ed.), Open University Press, Philadelphia, pp. 85-120, 1986.
98. N. P. Spanos, N. J. Gabora, L. Jarrett, and M. I. Gwynn, Contextual Determinants of Hypnotizability and of Relationships between Hypnotizability Scales, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, pp. 688-696, 1989.
99. J.-R. Laurence and C. Perry, Hypnotically Created Memories among Highly Hyp-notizable Subjects, Science, 222, pp. 523-524, 1983.
100. J.-R. Laurence and C. Perry, Hypnosis, Will, and Memory: A Psycho-legal History, Guilford, New York, 1988.
101. N. P. Spanos and E. Bures, Pseudomemory Responding in Hypnotic, Task-motivated and Simulating Subjects: Memory Distortion or Reporting Bias, Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 13, pp. 303-310, 1994.
102. N. P. Spanos and J. McLean, Hypnotically Created Pseudomemories: Memory Distortions or Reporting Biases, British Journal of Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis, 3, pp. 155-159,1986.
103. A. J. Bamier and K. M. McConkey, Reports of Real and False Memories: The Relevance of Hypnosis, Hypnotizability, and Test Control, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, pp. 521-527, 1992.
104. P. W. Sheehan, D. Statham, and G. A. Jamieson, Pseudomemory Effects Over Time in the Hypnotic Setting, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, pp. 39-44, 1991.
105. P. W. Sheehan, D. Statham, and G. A. Jamieson, Pseudomemory Effects and Their Relationship to Level of Susceptibility to Hypnosis and State Instruction, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, pp. 130-137, 1991.
106. N. P. Spanos, M. I. Gwynn, S. L. Comer, W. J. Baltruweit, and M. de Groh, Are Hypnotically Induced Pseudomemories Resistant to Cross-examination?, Law and Human Behavior, 13, pp. 271-289, 1989.
107. P. W. Sheehan, Memory Bias in Hypnosis, paper presented at the 10th International Congress of Hypnosis and Psychosomatic Medicine, Toronto, Canada, August 1985.
108. P. W. Sheehan and L. Grigg, Hypnosis, Memory, and the Acceptance of an Implausible Cognitive Set, British Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 3, pp. 5-12, 1985.
109. P. W. Sheehan and J. Tilden, Effects of Suggestibility and Hypnosis on Accurate and Distorted Retrieval from Memory, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9, pp. 283-293, 1983.
110. P. W. Sheehan and J. Tilden, The Consistency of Occurrences of Memory Distortion Following Hypnotic Induction, international Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 34, pp. 122-137, 1986.
111. J. R. Council, I. Kirsch, and L. P. Hafner, Expectancy versus Absorption in the Prediction of Hypnotic Responding, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, pp. 182-189, 1986.
112. H. P. de Groot, M. I. Gwynn, and N. P. Spanos, The Effects of Contextual Information and Gender on the Prediction of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 1988.
113. S. D. Drake, M. R. Nash, and G. N. Cawood, Imaginative Involvement and Hypnotic Susceptibility: A Re-examination of the Relationship, Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 10, pp. 141-155, 1991.
114. N. P. Spanos, M. Arango, and H. P. de Groot, Context as a Moderator of the Relationship between Attribute Variables and Hypnotizability, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, pp. 71-77, 1993.
115. N. P. Spanos, C. A. Quigley, M. I. Gwynn, R. L. Glatt, and A. H. Perlini, Hypnotic Interrogation Pretrial Preparation, and Witness Testimony during Direct and Crossexamination, Law and Human Behavior, 15, pp. 639-653, 1991.
116. G. H. Gudjonsson, Suggestibility, Intelligence, Memory Recall and Personality: An Experimental Study, British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, pp. 35-37, 1983.
117. G. H. Gudjonsson, A New Scale of Interrogative Suggestibility, Personality and Individual Differences, 5, pp. 303-314, 1984.
118. G. H. Gudjonsson, Interrogative Suggestibility: Comparison between ‘False Confessors’ and ‘Deniers’ in Criminal Trials, Medicine, Science and the Law, 24, pp. 56-60, 1984.
119. G. H. Gudjonsson and N. K. Clark, Suggestibility in Police Interrogation: A Social Psychological Model, Social Behaviour, 1, pp. 83-104, 1986.
120. W. Stem, General Psychology: From the Personalistic Standpoint, Macmillan, New York, 1938.
121. H. E. Burtt, Applied Psychology, Prentice-Hall, New York, pp. 291-321, 1949.
122. E. F. Loftus, Eyewitness Testimony, Harvard University Press, London, 1979.
123. R. L. Cohen and M. A. Hamick, The Susceptibility of Child Witnesses to Suggestion, Law and Human Behavior, 4, pp. 201-210, 1980.
124. P. A. Powers, J. L. Andriks, and E. F. Loftus, Eyewitness Accounts of Males and Females, Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, pp. 339-347, 1979.
125. P. C. Young, Intelligence and Suggestibility in Whites and Negroes, Journal of Comparative Psychology, 9, pp. 339-355, 1929.
126. G. H. Gudjonsson and J. Gunn, The Competence and Reliability of a Witness in Criminal Court, British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, pp. 624-627, 1982.
127. G. H. Gudjonsson, Interrogative Suggestibility and Perceptual Motor Performance, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 58, pp. 671-672, 1984.
128. G. H. Gudjonsson, The Relationship between Interrogative Suggestibility and Acquiescence: Empirical Findings and Theoretical Implications, Personality and Individual Differences, 7, pp. 195-199, 1986.
129. G. H. Gudjonsson, A Parallel Form of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 26, pp. 215-221, 1987.
130. K. K. Singh and G. H. Gudjonsson, The Internal Consistency of the “Shift” Factor on the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale, Personality and Individual Differences, 8, pp. 265-266, 1987.
131. G. H. Gudjonsson, The Relationship of Intelligence and Memory to Interrogative Suggestibility: The Importance of Range Effects, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, pp. 185-187, 1988.
132. G. H. Gudjonsson and S. Lister, Interrogative Suggestibility and its Relationship with Perceptions of Self-concept and Control, Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 24, pp. 99-110, 1984.
133. G. H. Gudjonsson and J. A. C. Mac Keith, Retracted Confessions: Legal, Psychological, and Psychiatric Aspects, Medicine, Science and the Law, 28, pp. 185-187, 1988.
134. E. Haraldsson, Interrogative Suggestibility and its Relationship with Personality, Perceptual Defensiveness and Extraordinary Beliefs, Personality and Individual Differences, 6, pp. 765-767, 1985.
135. G. H. Gudjonsson and K. K. Singh, Interrogative Suggestibility and Delinquent Boys: An Empirical Validation Study, Personality and Individual Differences, 5, pp. 425-430, 1984.
136. G. H. Gudjonsson, Compliance in an Interrogative Situation: A New Scale, Personality and Individual Differences, 10, pp. 535-540, 1989.
137. G. H. Gudjonsson, The Relationship of Intellectual Skills to Suggestibility, Compliance and Acquiescence, Personality and Individual Differences, 11, pp. 227-231, 1990.
138. P. Tata and G. H. Gudjonsson, Some Effects of Stress and Feedback on Interrogative Suggestibility, Personality and Individual Differences, 11, pp. 1079-1085, 1990.
139. G. H. Gudjonsson, Interrogative Suggestibility: Its Relationship with Assertiveness, Social-evaluative Anxiety, State Anxiety and Method of Coping, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, pp. 159-166, 1988.
140. K. K. Singh and G. H. Gudjonsson, Interrogative Suggestibility, Delayed Memory, and Self-concept, Personality and Individual Differences, 5, pp. 203-209, 1984.
141. G. H. Gudjonsson, The Effects of Suspiciousness and Anger on Suggestibility, Medicine, Science and the Law, 29, pp. 229-232, 1989.
142. P. A. Register and J. F. Kihlstrom, Hypnosis and Interrogative Suggestibility, Personality and Individual Differences, 9, pp. 549-558, 1988.
143. I. Hansdottir, H. S. Thomsteinsson, H. Kristinsdottir, and R. S. Ragnarsson, The Effects of Instructions and Anxiety on Interrogative Suggestibility, Personality and Individual Differences, 11, pp. 85-87, 1990.
144. K. Smith and G. H. Gudjonsson, Investigation of the Responses of ‘Fakers’ and ‘Non-fakers’ on the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale, Medicine, Science and the Law, 26, pp. 66-71, 1986.
145. E. C. Hardarson, Sambad daleidslu-og yfirheyrslu naemis og fylgni with personuleika og namsarangur, B.A. thesis, University of Rekjavik, 1985.
146. M. I. Gwynn, N. P. Spanos, S. Nancoo, and L. Chow, Interrogative Suggestibility, Hypnotizability, and Persuasibility: Are They Related?, manuscript submitted for publication, 1995.
147. E. Gordon, M. I. Gwynn, and N. P. Spanos, Effects of Hypnosis, Suggestion, and Delay on Interrogative Suggestibility and Confidence, unpublished master’s thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa, 1993.
148. N. P. Spanos, H. L. Radtke, D. C. Hodgins, H. J. Stam, and L. D. Bertrand, The Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale: Normative Data and Psychometric Properties, Psychological Reports, 53, pp. 523-535, 1983.
149. M. Reiser, Handbook of Investigative Hypnosis, LEHI, Los Angeles, 1980.