Feminisms and development

Gender and History

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 590-597

  Moghadam, Valentine M ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0011976527     PISSN: 09535233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.00124     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Ester Boserup, Women and Economic Development (St Martin's Press, New York, 1970); Irene Tinker, Persistent Inequalities: Women and World Development (Oxford University Press, New York, 1990).
2. Ester Boserup, Women and Economic Development (St Martin's Press, New York, 1970); Irene Tinker, Persistent Inequalities: Women and World Development (Oxford University Press, New York, 1990).
3. See, for example, Lourdes Beneria and Gita Sen, 'Accumulation, Reproduction and Women's Role in Economic Development: Boserup Revisited', Signs, 7 (1981), pp. 279-98.
4. Rae Lesser Blumberg, Making the Case for the Gender Variable (Office of Women in Development, USAID, Washington, DC, 1989).
5. See Gita Sen and Caren Grown, Development, Crises, and Alternative Visions: Third World Women's Perspectives (Monthly Review, New York, 1987).
6. Bina Agarwal, A Field of One's Own: Gender and Land Rights in South Asia (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995);
7. United Nations, The World's Women 1995: Trends and Statistics (United Nations, New York, 1995).
8. See, for example, Maxine Molyneux, 'Mobilization without Emancipation? Women's Interests, State, and Revolution', in Transition and Development: Problems of Third World Socialism, ed. Richard Fagen, Carmen Diana Deere, and José Luis Corragio (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1986), pp. 280-302; Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (Verso, London, 1994); Caroline O. N. Moser, Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training (Routledge, London, 1993); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', International Social Science Journal, no. 139 (February 1994), pp. 95-115; V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Patriarchy and Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996).
9. See, for example, Maxine Molyneux, 'Mobilization without Emancipation? Women's Interests, State, and Revolution', in Transition and Development: Problems of Third World Socialism, ed. Richard Fagen, Carmen Diana Deere, and José Luis Corragio (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1986), pp. 280-302; Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (Verso, London, 1994); Caroline O. N. Moser, Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training (Routledge, London, 1993); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', International Social Science Journal, no. 139 (February 1994), pp. 95-115; V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Patriarchy and Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996).
10. See, for example, Maxine Molyneux, 'Mobilization without Emancipation? Women's Interests, State, and Revolution', in Transition and Development: Problems of Third World Socialism, ed. Richard Fagen, Carmen Diana Deere, and José Luis Corragio (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1986), pp. 280-302; Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (Verso, London, 1994); Caroline O. N. Moser, Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training (Routledge, London, 1993); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', International Social Science Journal, no. 139 (February 1994), pp. 95-115; V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Patriarchy and Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996).
11. See, for example, Maxine Molyneux, 'Mobilization without Emancipation? Women's Interests, State, and Revolution', in Transition and Development: Problems of Third World Socialism, ed. Richard Fagen, Carmen Diana Deere, and José Luis Corragio (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1986), pp. 280-302; Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (Verso, London, 1994); Caroline O. N. Moser, Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training (Routledge, London, 1993); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', International Social Science Journal, no. 139 (February 1994), pp. 95-115; V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Patriarchy and Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996).
12. See, for example, Maxine Molyneux, 'Mobilization without Emancipation? Women's Interests, State, and Revolution', in Transition and Development: Problems of Third World Socialism, ed. Richard Fagen, Carmen Diana Deere, and José Luis Corragio (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1986), pp. 280-302; Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (Verso, London, 1994); Caroline O. N. Moser, Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training (Routledge, London, 1993); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', International Social Science Journal, no. 139 (February 1994), pp. 95-115; V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Patriarchy and Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996).
13. See, for example, Diane Elson (ed.), Male Bias in the Development Process (Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1991). For critiques of structural adjustment, see especially Commonwealth Secretariat, Engendering Adjustment for the 1990s (Commonwealth Secretariat, London, 1989); Isabella Bakker (ed.), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy (Zed Books, London, 1994); Pam Sparr (ed.), Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (Zed, London, 1995).
14. See, for example, Diane Elson (ed.), Male Bias in the Development Process (Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1991). For critiques of structural adjustment, see especially Commonwealth Secretariat, Engendering Adjustment for the 1990s (Commonwealth Secretariat, London, 1989); Isabella Bakker (ed.), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy (Zed Books, London, 1994); Pam Sparr (ed.), Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (Zed, London, 1995).
15. See, for example, Diane Elson (ed.), Male Bias in the Development Process (Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1991). For critiques of structural adjustment, see especially Commonwealth Secretariat, Engendering Adjustment for the 1990s (Commonwealth Secretariat, London, 1989); Isabella Bakker (ed.), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy (Zed Books, London, 1994); Pam Sparr (ed.), Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (Zed, London, 1995).
16. See, for example, Diane Elson (ed.), Male Bias in the Development Process (Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1991). For critiques of structural adjustment, see especially Commonwealth Secretariat, Engendering Adjustment for the 1990s (Commonwealth Secretariat, London, 1989); Isabella Bakker (ed.), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy (Zed Books, London, 1994); Pam Sparr (ed.), Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (Zed, London, 1995).
17. Studies focusing on work include Valentine M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa (Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, CO, 1998); Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner: Women and Industrialization in the Caribbean (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995); Susan Tiano, Patriarchy on the Line: Labor, Gender, and Ideology in the Mexican Maquila Industry (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1994).
18. Studies focusing on work include Valentine M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa (Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, CO, 1998); Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner: Women and Industrialization in the Caribbean (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995); Susan Tiano, Patriarchy on the Line: Labor, Gender, and Ideology in the Mexican Maquila Industry (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1994).
19. Studies focusing on work include Valentine M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa (Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, CO, 1998); Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner: Women and Industrialization in the Caribbean (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995); Susan Tiano, Patriarchy on the Line: Labor, Gender, and Ideology in the Mexican Maquila Industry (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1994).
20. Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan, The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City (University of Chicago Press, 1987); Diane Elson, 'From Survival Strategies to Transformation Strategies: Women's Needs and Structural Adjustment', in Unequal Burden, ed. Lourdes Beneria and Shelley Feldman (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1992), pp. 26-48; Caroline O. N. Moser, 'Gender Planning in the Third World: Meeting Practical and Strategic Gender Needs', World Development, vol. 17, no. 11 (1989), 1799-1825.
21. Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan, The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City (University of Chicago Press, 1987); Diane Elson, 'From Survival Strategies to Transformation Strategies: Women's Needs and Structural Adjustment', in Unequal Burden, ed. Lourdes Beneria and Shelley Feldman (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1992), pp. 26-48; Caroline O. N. Moser, 'Gender Planning in the Third World: Meeting Practical and Strategic Gender Needs', World Development, vol. 17, no. 11 (1989), 1799-1825.
22. Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan, The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City (University of Chicago Press, 1987); Diane Elson, 'From Survival Strategies to Transformation Strategies: Women's Needs and Structural Adjustment', in Unequal Burden, ed. Lourdes Beneria and Shelley Feldman (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1992), pp. 26-48; Caroline O. N. Moser, 'Gender Planning in the Third World: Meeting Practical and Strategic Gender Needs', World Development, vol. 17, no. 11 (1989), 1799-1825.
23. An early examination of the non-recognition of much of women's work was in Lourdes Beneria (ed.), Women and Development: The Sexual Division of Labor in Rural Societies (Praeger, New York, 1982); for a more recent elaboration, see UNDP, Human Development Report 1995 (Oxford University Press, New York, 1995).
24. An early examination of the non-recognition of much of women's work was in Lourdes Beneria (ed.), Women and Development: The Sexual Division of Labor in Rural Societies (Praeger, New York, 1982); for a more recent elaboration, see UNDP, Human Development Report 1995 (Oxford University Press, New York, 1995).
25. For examples of this argument, see Susan Joekes, 'Gender and Macroeconomic Policy' (Association for Women in Development, Occasional Paper No. 4, Washington, DC, 1989); Ingrid Palmer, Gender and Population in the Adjustment of African Economies (ILO, Geneva, 1991); World Bank, Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development (The World Bank, Washington, DC, 1994).
26. For examples of this argument, see Susan Joekes, 'Gender and Macroeconomic Policy' (Association for Women in Development, Occasional Paper No. 4, Washington, DC, 1989); Ingrid Palmer, Gender and Population in the Adjustment of African Economies (ILO, Geneva, 1991); World Bank, Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development (The World Bank, Washington, DC, 1994).
27. For examples of this argument, see Susan Joekes, 'Gender and Macroeconomic Policy' (Association for Women in Development, Occasional Paper No. 4, Washington, DC, 1989); Ingrid Palmer, Gender and Population in the Adjustment of African Economies (ILO, Geneva, 1991); World Bank, Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development (The World Bank, Washington, DC, 1994).
28. See, for example, Kathryn Ward, Women in the World-System: Its Impact on Status and Fertility (Praeger, New York, 1984); Nilufer Catagay and Sule Ozler, 'Feminization of the Labor Force: The Effects of Long-Term Development and Structural Adjustment', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1883-94;
29. See, for example, Kathryn Ward, Women in the World-System: Its Impact on Status and Fertility (Praeger, New York, 1984); Nilufer Catagay and Sule Ozler, 'Feminization of the Labor Force: The Effects of Long-Term Development and Structural Adjustment', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1883-94;
30. Examples include Sylvia Chant, 'Women's Roles in Recession and Economic Restructuring in Mexico and the Philippines', in Poverty and Global Adjustment: The Urban Experience, ed. Alan Gilbert (Blackwell, Oxford, 1995); Brigida Garcia and Orlandina de Oliveira, 'Gender Relations in Urban Middle-Class and Working-Class Households in Mexico', in Engendering Wealth and Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change, ed. Blumberg et al. (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995), pp. 195-210; Nazneen Kanji, 'Gender and Structural Adjustment: A Case Study of Harare, Zimbabwe' (unpublished dissertation, Dept. of Geography, London School of Economics, 1994).
31. Examples include Sylvia Chant, 'Women's Roles in Recession and Economic Restructuring in Mexico and the Philippines', in Poverty and Global Adjustment: The Urban Experience, ed. Alan Gilbert (Blackwell, Oxford, 1995); Brigida Garcia and Orlandina de Oliveira, 'Gender Relations in Urban Middle-Class and Working-Class Households in Mexico', in Engendering Wealth and Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change, ed. Blumberg et al. (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995), pp. 195-210; Nazneen Kanji, 'Gender and Structural Adjustment: A Case Study of Harare, Zimbabwe' (unpublished dissertation, Dept. of Geography, London School of Economics, 1994).
32. Examples include Sylvia Chant, 'Women's Roles in Recession and Economic Restructuring in Mexico and the Philippines', in Poverty and Global Adjustment: The Urban Experience, ed. Alan Gilbert (Blackwell, Oxford, 1995); Brigida Garcia and Orlandina de Oliveira, 'Gender Relations in Urban Middle-Class and Working-Class Households in Mexico', in Engendering Wealth and Well-Being: Empowerment for Global Change, ed. Blumberg et al. (Westview, Boulder, CO, 1995), pp. 195-210; Nazneen Kanji, 'Gender and Structural Adjustment: A Case Study of Harare, Zimbabwe' (unpublished dissertation, Dept. of Geography, London School of Economics, 1994).
33. Such studies include Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, For We Are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industry in Mexico's Frontier (SUNY Press, Albany, 1983); Rita Gallin, 'State, Gender, and the Organization of Business in Rural Taiwan', in Patriarchy and Economic Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century, ed. V. M. Moghadam (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996), pp. 220-40; Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner.
34. Such studies include Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, For We Are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industry in Mexico's Frontier (SUNY Press, Albany, 1983); Rita Gallin, 'State, Gender, and the Organization of Business in Rural Taiwan', in Patriarchy and Economic Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century, ed. V. M. Moghadam (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996), pp. 220-40; Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner.
35. Such studies include Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, For We Are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industry in Mexico's Frontier (SUNY Press, Albany, 1983); Rita Gallin, 'State, Gender, and the Organization of Business in Rural Taiwan', in Patriarchy and Economic Development: Women's Positions at the End of the Twentieth Century, ed. V. M. Moghadam (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996), pp. 220-40; Helen Safa, The Myth of the Male Breadwinner.
36. Isabella Bakker, 'Women's Employment in Comparative Perspective', in Feminization of the Labour Force: Paradoxes and Promises, ed. Jane Jenson, Elisabeth Hagen and Ceallaigh Reddy (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1988), pp. 17-44; Maria Sagrario Flora, 'Economic Restructuring, Gender and the Allocation of Time', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995); Deniz Kandiyoti, Women in Rural Production Systems (UNESCO, Paris, 1985); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'The Feminization of Poverty? Notes on a Concept and Trends', Illinois State University, Women's Studies Program, Occasional Paper No. 2 (August 1997).
37. Isabella Bakker, 'Women's Employment in Comparative Perspective', in Feminization of the Labour Force: Paradoxes and Promises, ed. Jane Jenson, Elisabeth Hagen and Ceallaigh Reddy (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1988), pp. 17-44; Maria Sagrario Flora, 'Economic Restructuring, Gender and the Allocation of Time', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995); Deniz Kandiyoti, Women in Rural Production Systems (UNESCO, Paris, 1985); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'The Feminization of Poverty? Notes on a Concept and Trends', Illinois State University, Women's Studies Program, Occasional Paper No. 2 (August 1997).
38. Isabella Bakker, 'Women's Employment in Comparative Perspective', in Feminization of the Labour Force: Paradoxes and Promises, ed. Jane Jenson, Elisabeth Hagen and Ceallaigh Reddy (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1988), pp. 17-44; Maria Sagrario Flora, 'Economic Restructuring, Gender and the Allocation of Time', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995); Deniz Kandiyoti, Women in Rural Production Systems (UNESCO, Paris, 1985); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'The Feminization of Poverty? Notes on a Concept and Trends', Illinois State University, Women's Studies Program, Occasional Paper No. 2 (August 1997).
39. Isabella Bakker, 'Women's Employment in Comparative Perspective', in Feminization of the Labour Force: Paradoxes and Promises, ed. Jane Jenson, Elisabeth Hagen and Ceallaigh Reddy (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1988), pp. 17-44; Maria Sagrario Flora, 'Economic Restructuring, Gender and the Allocation of Time', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995); Deniz Kandiyoti, Women in Rural Production Systems (UNESCO, Paris, 1985); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'The Feminization of Poverty? Notes on a Concept and Trends', Illinois State University, Women's Studies Program, Occasional Paper No. 2 (August 1997).
40. An example is Sylvia Chant, Women-Headed Households: Diversity and Dynamics in the Developing World (Macmillan, London, 1995). See also V M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa, and Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities.
41. An example is Sylvia Chant, Women-Headed Households: Diversity and Dynamics in the Developing World (Macmillan, London, 1995). See also V M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa, and Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities.
42. An example is Sylvia Chant, Women-Headed Households: Diversity and Dynamics in the Developing World (Macmillan, London, 1995). See also V M. Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform in the Middle East and North Africa, and Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities.
43. This approach may be found in Caroline Moser, Gender Planning and Development. See also Diane Elson, 'Gender Awareness in Modeling Structural Adjustment', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1851-68; and Ruth Pearson, 'Bringing It all Back Home: Integrating Training for Gender Specialists and Economic Planners', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1995-9.
44. This approach may be found in Caroline Moser, Gender Planning and Development. See also Diane Elson, 'Gender Awareness in Modeling Structural Adjustment', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1851-68; and Ruth Pearson, 'Bringing It all Back Home: Integrating Training for Gender Specialists and Economic Planners', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1995-9.
45. This approach may be found in Caroline Moser, Gender Planning and Development. See also Diane Elson, 'Gender Awareness in Modeling Structural Adjustment', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1851-68; and Ruth Pearson, 'Bringing It all Back Home: Integrating Training for Gender Specialists and Economic Planners', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1995-9.
46. This is recommended in The Beijing Platform for Action (United Nations, New York, 1996). For a theoretical justification, see Ingrid Palmer, 'Public Finance from a Gender Perspective', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1981-6.
47. This is recommended in The Beijing Platform for Action (United Nations, New York, 1996). For a theoretical justification, see Ingrid Palmer, 'Public Finance from a Gender Perspective', World Development, vol. 23, no. 11 (1995), 1981-6.
48. World Bank, Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development.
49. The role of women's movements is emphasised in Sen and Grown, Development Crisis, and Alternative Visions; Moser, Gender Planning and Development, Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', and Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform, ch. 9.
50. The role of women's movements is emphasised in Sen and Grown, Development Crisis, and Alternative Visions; Moser, Gender Planning and Development, Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', and Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform, ch. 9.
51. The role of women's movements is emphasised in Sen and Grown, Development Crisis, and Alternative Visions; Moser, Gender Planning and Development, Moghadam, 'Women in Societies', and Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform, ch. 9.
52. Guy Standing, 'Global Feminization Through Flexible Labour', World Developmental. 17, no. 7 (1989), 1077-95.
53. See Susan Tiano, Patriarchy on the Line; Seung-Kyung Kim, Class Struggle or Family Struggle? The Lives of Women Factory Workers in South Korea (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1997).
54. See, in particular, ch. 9 in Moghadam, Women, Work, and Economic Reform.
55. For an elaboration, see Marilee Karl, Women and Empowerment: Participation and Decision-Making, (Zed Books, London, 1995); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Feminist Networks North and South', Journal of International Communication, 3 (1996), pp. 111-21; Geertje Lycklama À Nijeholt, Virginia Vargas and Saskia Wieringa (eds), Women's Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean (Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, 1998).
56. For an elaboration, see Marilee Karl, Women and Empowerment: Participation and Decision-Making, (Zed Books, London, 1995); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Feminist Networks North and South', Journal of International Communication, 3 (1996), pp. 111-21; Geertje Lycklama À Nijeholt, Virginia Vargas and Saskia Wieringa (eds), Women's Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean (Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, 1998).
57. For an elaboration, see Marilee Karl, Women and Empowerment: Participation and Decision-Making, (Zed Books, London, 1995); Valentine M. Moghadam, 'Feminist Networks North and South', Journal of International Communication, 3 (1996), pp. 111-21; Geertje Lycklama À Nijeholt, Virginia Vargas and Saskia Wieringa (eds), Women's Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean (Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, 1998).