From opposition to atomization

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1996, Pages

  Smolar, Aleksander ^a,b  

^a Stefan Batory Foundation   (Poland)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0011102724     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jod.1996.0018     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Václav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless," in John Keane, ed., The Power of the Powerless (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1985), 92, 95; Jacek Kuroń, Polityka i odpowiedzialnosc (London: Aneks, 1984); Adam Michnik, Letters from Prison and Other Essays (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985) and Penser la Pologne (Paris: La Découverte, 1983); and János Kis, Politics in Hungary: For a Democratic Alternative (Highland Lakes, N.J.: Atlantic Research and Publications, 1989).
2. Václav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless," in John Keane, ed., The Power of the Powerless (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1985), 92, 95; Jacek Kuroń, Polityka i odpowiedzialnosc (London: Aneks, 1984); Adam Michnik, Letters from Prison and Other Essays (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985) and Penser la Pologne (Paris: La Découverte, 1983); and János Kis, Politics in Hungary: For a Democratic Alternative (Highland Lakes, N.J.: Atlantic Research and Publications, 1989).
3. Václav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless," in John Keane, ed., The Power of the Powerless (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1985), 92, 95; Jacek Kuroń, Polityka i odpowiedzialnosc (London: Aneks, 1984); Adam Michnik, Letters from Prison and Other Essays (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985) and Penser la Pologne (Paris: La Découverte, 1983); and János Kis, Politics in Hungary: For a Democratic Alternative (Highland Lakes, N.J.: Atlantic Research and Publications, 1989).
4. Václav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless," in John Keane, ed., The Power of the Powerless (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1985), 92, 95; Jacek Kuroń, Polityka i odpowiedzialnosc (London: Aneks, 1984); Adam Michnik, Letters from Prison and Other Essays (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985) and Penser la Pologne (Paris: La Découverte, 1983); and János Kis, Politics in Hungary: For a Democratic Alternative (Highland Lakes, N.J.: Atlantic Research and Publications, 1989).
5. Václav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless," in John Keane, ed., The Power of the Powerless (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1985), 92, 95; Jacek Kuroń, Polityka i odpowiedzialnosc (London: Aneks, 1984); Adam Michnik, Letters from Prison and Other Essays (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985) and Penser la Pologne (Paris: La Découverte, 1983); and János Kis, Politics in Hungary: For a Democratic Alternative (Highland Lakes, N.J.: Atlantic Research and Publications, 1989).
6. G.M. Tamás, "The Legacy of Dissent: How Civil Society Has Been Seduced by the Cult of Privacy," Times Literary Supplement, 14 May 1993.
7. Jacques Rupnik, "Le totalitarisme vu de l'Est," in Guy Hermet, Pierre Hassner, and Jacques Rupnik, eds., Totalitarismes (Paris: Economica, 1984), 43-75.
8. Pierre Hassner, "Les révolutions ne sont plus ce qu'elles étaient," in Jacques Semelin, ed., Quand les dictatures se fissurent . . . Résistances civiles à l'Est et au Sud (Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1995).
9. Quoted in Flora Lewis, "Civil Society: Its Limits and Needs," International Herald Tribune, 30 September 1989. See also Bronislaw Geremek, "Civil Society Then and Now," Journal of Democracy 3 (April 1992): 3-12.
10. Quoted in Flora Lewis, "Civil Society: Its Limits and Needs," International Herald Tribune, 30 September 1989. See also Bronislaw Geremek, "Civil Society Then and Now," Journal of Democracy 3 (April 1992): 3-12.
11. See, for example, Václav Havel, "Paradise Lost," New York Review of Books, 9 April 1992.
12. Jerzy Szacki, "Polish Democracy: Dreams and Reality," Social Research 58 (Winter 1991): 712.
13. Address of 6 December 1994 to the parliament of the Czech Republic, quoted in Václav Havel, Václav Klaus, and Petr Pithart, "Rival Visions," 17 above.
14. Lidove noviny (Prague), 7 March 1994, quoted from Jiri Pehe, "Civic Society at Issue in the Czech Republic," RFE/RL Research Report, 19 August 1994.
15. Lidove noviny (Prague), 7 March 1994, quoted from Jiri Pehe, "Civic Society at Issue in the Czech Republic," RFE/RL Research Report, 19 August 1994.
16. Address of 17 November 1994 on the occasion of the anniversary of the Velvet Revolution, quoted in Havel, Klaus, and Pithart, "Rival Visions," 14 above.
17. Yuri Shchekochikhin, quoted in Margaret Shapiro, "Corruption Threatens to Spill Russia's Economic Brew," Washington Post, from the International Herald Tribune, 14 November 1994.
18. Elemer Hankiss, "Our Recent Past: Recent Developments in East Central Europe in the Light of Various Social Ideologies and Schools of Scholarly Thought" (address delivered at the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen, Vienna, Austria, 1994). See also Chris Hann, "Philosophers' Models on the Carpathian Lowlands," in John A. Hill, ed., Civil Society: Theory, History, Comparison (Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 1995), 158-83.
19. Elemer Hankiss, "Our Recent Past: Recent Developments in East Central Europe in the Light of Various Social Ideologies and Schools of Scholarly Thought" (address delivered at the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen, Vienna, Austria, 1994). See also Chris Hann, "Philosophers' Models on the Carpathian Lowlands," in John A. Hill, ed., Civil Society: Theory, History, Comparison (Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 1995), 158-83.
20. See Lena Kolarska-Bobińska, Aspirations, Values, and Interests: Poland, 1989-1994 (Warsaw: IFiS Publishers, 1994); Winicjusz Narojek, The Socialist "Welfare State" (Warsaw: PWN, 1991); B. Paqueteau, "La société contre elle-même: Choses vues en Roumanie," Commentaire 59 (Autumn 1992): 621-28; and Mira Marody, ed., What Has Remained from Those Years: Polish Society on the Threshold of Systemic Change (London: Aneks, 1991).
21. See Lena Kolarska-Bobińska, Aspirations, Values, and Interests: Poland, 1989-1994 (Warsaw: IFiS Publishers, 1994); Winicjusz Narojek, The Socialist "Welfare State" (Warsaw: PWN, 1991); B. Paqueteau, "La société contre elle-même: Choses vues en Roumanie," Commentaire 59 (Autumn 1992): 621-28; and Mira Marody, ed., What Has Remained from Those Years: Polish Society on the Threshold of Systemic Change (London: Aneks, 1991).
22. See Lena Kolarska-Bobińska, Aspirations, Values, and Interests: Poland, 1989-1994 (Warsaw: IFiS Publishers, 1994); Winicjusz Narojek, The Socialist "Welfare State" (Warsaw: PWN, 1991); B. Paqueteau, "La société contre elle-même: Choses vues en Roumanie," Commentaire 59 (Autumn 1992): 621-28; and Mira Marody, ed., What Has Remained from Those Years: Polish Society on the Threshold of Systemic Change (London: Aneks, 1991).
23. See Lena Kolarska-Bobińska, Aspirations, Values, and Interests: Poland, 1989-1994 (Warsaw: IFiS Publishers, 1994); Winicjusz Narojek, The Socialist "Welfare State" (Warsaw: PWN, 1991); B. Paqueteau, "La société contre elle-même: Choses vues en Roumanie," Commentaire 59 (Autumn 1992): 621-28; and Mira Marody, ed., What Has Remained from Those Years: Polish Society on the Threshold of Systemic Change (London: Aneks, 1991).