The meaning and measurement of self-complexity

Personality and Individual Differences

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 341-356

  Rafaeli Mor, Eshkol ^a   Gotlib, Ian H ^b   Revelle, William ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0011006578     PISSN: 01918869     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00247-5     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Allport, G. W. (1955). Becoming. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
2. Attneave, F. (1959). Applications of information theory to psychology. New York: Holt-Dryden.
3. Barnett, P. A., and Gotlib, I. H. (1988). Psychosocial functioning in depression: distinguishing among antecedents, concomitants and consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 104, 97-126.
4. Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., and Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy for depression. New York: Guilford.
5. Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., and Lehman, D. R. (1996). Self-concept clarity: measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 141-156.
6. Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 6, 297-334.
7. Dixon, T. M., and Baumeister, R. F. (1991). Escaping the self: moderating effects of self-complexity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 4-12.
8. Donahue, E. M., Robins, R. W., Roberts, B. W., and John, O. P. (1993). The divided self: concurrent and longitudinal effects of psychological adjustment and social roles on self-concept differentiation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(5), 834-846.
9. Goldberg, L. R. (1992). the development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment, 4, 26-42.
10. Hershberger, P. (1990). Self-complexity and health promotion: promising but premature. Psychological Reports, 66(3) (Part 2), 1207-1216.
11. Higgins, E. T., Bond, R. N., Klein, R., and Strauman, T. (1986). Self-discrepancies and emotional vulnerability: how magnitude, accessibility, and type of discrepancy influence affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 5-15.
12. James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Vol. I). New York: Holt.
13. Kalthoff, R. A., and Neimeyer, R. A. (1993). Self-complexity and psychological distress: a test of the buffering model. International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 6, 327-349.
14. Kelly, G. A. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs (Vols. 1-2). New York: Norton.
15. Klein, S. B. and Loftus, J. (1993). The mental representation of trait and autobiographical knowledge about the self. In T. K. Srull and R. S. Wyer, Jr. (Eds.), Advances in social cognition (Vol. 5). Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
16. Koenig, L. J. (1989). Self-complexity and affective extremity: a test of the spreading activation and self-focused attention hypotheses. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University.
17. Linville, P. W. (1982). The complexity-extremity effect and age based stereotyping. Journalof Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 193-211.
18. Linville, P. W. (1985). Self-complexity and affective extremity: dont put all your eggs in one cognitive basket. Social Cognition, 3, 94-120.
19. Linville, P. W. (1987). Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 663-676.
20. Linville, P. W. and Carlston, D. E. (1994). Social cognition and the self. In P. G. Devine, D. L. Hamilton and T. M. Olstrom (Eds.), Social cognition: impact on social psychology (pp. 143-193). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
21. Linville, P. W., and Jones, E. E. (1980). Polarized appraisals of out group members. Journalof Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 689-703.
22. Markus, H. and Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: a social psychological perspective. In M. R. Rosenzweig and L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annual review of psychology (Vol. 38, pp. 299-337). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
23. Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, self and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
24. Morgan, H. J., and Janoff-Bulman, R. (1994). Positive and negative self-complexity: patterns of adjustment following traumatic versus non-traumatic life experiences. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13(1), 63-85.
25. Niedenthal, P. M., Setterlund, M. B., and Wherry, M. B. (1992). Possible self-complexity and affective reactions to goal-relevant evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 5-16.
26. Nunnally, J. C., and Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New-York: McGraw Hill.
27. Pedhazur, E. J., and Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design and analysis: an integrated approach. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlebaum.
28. Revelle, W. (1979). Hierarchical cluster analysis and the internal structure of tests. MultivariateBehavioral Research, 14, 57-74.
29. Rogers, C. R. (1951). Client-centered therapy. New York: Houghton-Mifflin.
30. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
31. Salovey, P. (1992). Mood induced self-focused attention. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 699-707.
32. Scott, W.A. (1969). Structure of natural cognitions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 12, 261-278.
33. Showers, C. (1992). Compartmentalization of positive and negative self-knowledge: keeping bad apples out of the bunch. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1036-1049.
34. Strauman, T. J., and Higgins, E. T. (1987). Automatic activation of self-discrepancies and emotional syndromes: when cognitive structures influence affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1004-1014.
35. Thoits, P. A. (1983). Multiple identities and psychological well-being: a reformulation and test of the social isolation hypothesis. American Sociological Review, 48, 174-187.
36. Tversky, A. (1977). Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84, 327-352.
37. Woolfolk, R. L., Novalany, J., Gara, M.A., Allen, L. A., and Polino, M. (1995). Self-complexity, self-evaluation, and depression: an examination of form and content within the self-schema. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 1108-1120.