Making change: Instruction and its improvement

Phi Delta Kappan

Volumn 83, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 73-77

  Cohen, David K ^a   Ball, Deborah Loewenberg ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0010239219     PISSN: 00317217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/003172170108300115     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. This problem is adapted from one discussed on page 28 of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, published in 1989 by the National Council ofTeachers of Mathematics.
2. Our work on instruction has been influenced and helped by the ideas of others, including Carol Lee, Magdalene Lampert, Milbrey McLaughlin and Joan Talbert, and Brian Rowan.
3. Carol Lee and Magdalene Lampert each provide close portraits of the ways in which teachers can see anal make use of their students' resources to enable them to learn intellectually challenging content. Lee discusses high school English in an urban school, and Lampert, elementary mathematics in a multicultural school. See Carol D. Lee, "Is October Brown Chinese? A Cultural Modeling Activity System for Underachieving Students," American Educational Research Journal, in press;
4. and Magdalene Lampert, Teaching Problems (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001). Milbrey McLaughlin and Joan Talbert offer evidence of how differently high school teachers behave in order to enable their students.
5. See Milbrey V. McLaughlin and Joan E. Talbert, Professional Communities and the Work of High School Teaching (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, forthcoming).
6. The extent of departure from conventional practice is a function not only of what particular learnersjojow, can do, and are committed to doing but also of what particular environments support (or do not support) with norms, professional culture, local concerns, and history.
7. For a treatment of schooling and institutionalism, see Marshall W. Meyer and Brian Rowan, "The Structure of Educational Organizations," in Marshall W. Meyer and Associates, Environments and Organizations (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1978), pp. 78-109.
8. See David Tyack and Larry Cuban, Tinkering Toward Utopia (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997).
9. The Study of Instructional Improvement at the University of Michigan is co-directed by Deborah Ball, David Cohen, and Brian Rowan. It is supported by grants from the Office of Educational Research and Improvement, through the Consortium for Policy Research in Education and the Center for Teaching Policy, as well as from the Interagency Education Research Initiative.<