The role of research centres in the collectivisation of academic science

Minerva

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 271-288

  Etzkowitz, Henry ^a   Kemelgor, Carol ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0010204444     PISSN: 00264695     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1004348123030     Document Type: Article

References (31)

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2. Etzkowitz, Henry, "Technology Centres and Industrial Policy", Science and Public Policy (May 1994).
3. David, Paul and Steinmueller, W. Edward, "University Goals, Institutional Mechanisms, and the Industrial Transferability of Research", Stanford Center for Economic Policy Research, 1993.
4. Friedman, Robert and Friedman, Renee, "Managing the Organized Research Unit", Educational Record (Winter 1987), pp. 27-30;
5. and "Science American Style: Three Cases in Academe", Policy Studies Journal, XVII (Fall 1988).
6. Vollmer, Howard, A Preliminary Investigation and Analysis of the Role of Scientists in Research Organizations (Menlo Park: Stanford Research Institute, 1962).
7. Rashdall, Hastings, The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1895).
8. Oleson, Alexandra and Voss, John (eds), The Organization of Knowledge in Modern America: 1860-1920 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979).
9. Etzkowitz, Henry, "Individual Investigators and Their Research Groups", Minerva, XXX (Spring 1992), pp. 28-50.
10. Studer, Larry and Chubin, Darryl, Cancer Wars (Newbury Park: Sage, 1979).
11. Irvine, John and Martin, John, Foresight in Science: Picking the Winners (London: Pinter, 1984), p. 184.
12. Dickson, David, The New Politics of Science (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
13. Walton, Amy, Eveland and Tornatzky, Management of Academic Research (Washington, DC: National Science Foundation, 1985), p. 67.
14. Kidd, C.V., "R&D in Universities", in Teich, Albert et al. (eds), R&D in an Inflationary Environment (Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1980.)
15. Friedman, Robert and Friedman, Renee, The Role of University Organized Research Units in Academic Science (University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Center for the Study of Higher Education, 1982), p. 2.
16. Friedman, Robert and Friedman, Renee, Sponsorship, Organization and Program Change al 100 Universities (University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Center for the Study of Science Policy, 1986), p. 125.
17. Friedman, Robert and Friedman, Renee, Sponsorship, Organization and Program Change al 100 Universities Ibid., p. 19.
18. Goldhor, R. and Lund, R., "University-to-industry Advanced Technology Transfer: A Case Study", Research Policy, XII (1983), p. 122.
19. deBeaver, Donald and Rosen, D., "Professionalization and the Natural History of Modern Scientific Co-authorship", Scientometrics (1979), p. 238.
20. Cheng, J., "Organizational Co-ordination, Integration, Interdependence and Their Relevance to Research Unit Effectiveness: A Comparative Study", PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, 1977, p. 32.
21. Etzkowitz, Henry, "Pathologies of Science: Comment on Redner", Social Epistemology, I (1987), pp. 261-264.
22. Culliton, Barbara, "The Academic Industrial Complex", Science, CCXVI (1982), pp. 960-962.
23. Hagstrom, Warren, "Traditional and Modern Forms of Scientific Teamwork", in The Scientific Community (New York: Basic Books, 1965), p. 243.
24. Kohler, Robert, Partners in Science: Foundations and Natural Science (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991).
25. Personal communication from Carlos Kruytbosch, NSF.
26. See Kruytbosch, Carlos and Messinger, Sheldon, "Unequal Peers: The Situation of Researchers at Berkeley", The American Behavioral Scientist, XI (1968), for a seminal analysis.
27. Friedman, R. and Friedman, R., The Role of University Organized Research Units, op. cit.
28. Memorandum to Dean Hilgard from E.L. Ginzton, Microwave Laboratory, 9 April, 1953, p. 7. Terman Papers, Stanford University Archives.
29. See Etzkowitz, Henry, "Clinton Administration Unites Science, Technology and Industrial Policies", Technology Access Report, VI (December 1993), pp. 6-7.
30. National Research Council, "Report of the NRC Committee's Evaluation of Proposals to the New York State Science and Technology Foundation for Designation as Centers for Advanced Technology" (Washington, DC: NRC, 1993).
31. Ziman, John, Prometheus Bound (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993).