Spectacular justice: The circus on trial, and the trial as circus, Picton, 1903

Canadian Historical Review

Volumn 77, Issue 2, 1996, Pages

  Strange, Carolyn ^a   Loo, Tina ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0009248213     PISSN: 00083755     EISSN: 17101093     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3138/CHR-077-02-01     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Pioneer Life on the Bay of Quinte, including Genealogies of Old Families and Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens (1904; Belleville: Mika Publishing 1983).
2. Picton Gazette, 24 and 28 July 1903. 'The Negro Murder'
3. Canada Law List (Hardy's) (Toronto: Canadian Legal Publishing Company 1903).
4. George M. Young, edited the Trenton Courier. In Pioneer Life on the Bay of Quinte,
5. David Nasaw, Going Out: The Rise and Fall of Public Entertainment (New York: Basic Books 1993), 55.
6. Times, 22 Oct. 1903.
7. Law Society of Upper Canada, 'Minutes of Convocation,' vol. 17, 395-6 (21 Oct. 1926)
8. John N. Hazard, 'Furniture Arrangement as a Symbol of Judicial Roles,' in Alison Dundes Renteln and Alan Dundes, eds., Folk Law: Essays in the Theory and Practice of Lex non Scripta (New York: Garland 1994),
9. W.N. Hargreaves-Mawdesley, A History of Legal Dress in Europe until the End of the Eighteenth Century (Oxford: Clarendon 1963).
10. Paul Bouissac, 'Clown Performances as Metacultural Texts,' in his Circus and Culture: A Semiotic Approach (Bloomington: Indiana University Press 1976), 164-9.
11. John Beattie, Crime and the Courts in England, 1660-1800 (Princeton: Princeton University Press 1986), chap. 7.
12. Douglas Hay, 'Property, Authority, and the Criminal Law,' in Hay et al., eds., Albion's Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England (London: Allen Lane 1975), 17-63.
13. Peter Stallybrass and Allon White, The Politics and Poetics of Transgression (London: Methuen 1986), 176-7
14. Belleville Weekly Intelligencer, 12 June 1884.
15. Richard and Janet Lunn, The County: The First Hundred Years in Loyalist Prince Edward (Picton: Prince Edward County Council 1967).
16. Brown to Cartwright, 22 Oct. 1903.
17. AO, RG 4, Series 32, no. 1132, 1903.
18. Roger Clute to John Thompson, 15 June 1892. National Archives of Canada, RG 13, vol. 2273, file 63-1894, no. 24.
19. Revised Statutes 1985, c. 27 (1st Supplement).
20. Town of Picton, Council Minutes, AO, MS-754, reel 3 (1889-1904), 26 Jan. 1903
21. Canada, Census, 1901, table XI, 'Origins of the People,' 340-1.
22. David R. Taylor, 'Historical Background,' in Roger C. Greig, The Splendour of Prince Edward County (Belleville: Mika Publishing 1991), 6-12.
23. Roy I. Wolfe, 'The Summer Resorts of Ontario in the Nineteenth Century,' Ontario History 54, 3 (1962): 149-61.
24. Mayor Wellington Boulter, Address to Council, 1 June 1903. Town of Picton, Council Minutes, AO, MS-754, reel 3 (1889-1904)
25. Helen M. Merrill, 'Picton and Prince Edward County,' Toronto Mail and Empire, 20 June 1903, 13.
26. Lunn and Lunn, The County, 348.
27. Brenda M. Hudson, Pride of Place: A Story of the Settlement of Prince Edward County (Belleville: Mika Publishing 1982), 63-4
28. Patricia Jasen, Wild Things: Nature, Culture, and Tourism in Ontario, 1790-1914 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1995)
29. John Culhane, The American Circus: An Illustrated History (New York: Henry Holt 1990), 163.
30. Dean Jensen, The Biggest, the Smallest, the Longest, the Shortest: A Chronicle of the American Circus from Its Heartland (Madison: Wisconsin Book Publishers 1975), 57, 194.
31. Joe McKennon, Circus Lingo Written by a Man Who Was There (Sarasota, Fla: Carnival Publishers 1980), 63.
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33. George Chindahl, A History of the Circus in America (Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton 1959), 124;
34. CWMA, Pan-American Circus File, Le Clair Zelleno, 'The Mystic,' ed., 'Route Book, Great Pan-American Shows, Season of 1903,' 22
35. Whiting Allen, 'The Organization of the Modern Circus,' Cosmopolitan Magazine, 1902, 374.
36. 'Circus Tents Teem with Life of Action,' Toronto Star, 30 June 1926.
37. Cleveland Moffett, 'How the Circus Is Put Up and Taken Down,' McClure's, June 1895, 58.
38. CWMA, Chindahl Papers, box 8, Circus Tents File
39. David R. Roediger The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class (London: Verso 1991).
40. CWMA, 'African Americans.'
41. Debbie Linde, 'Sawdust in Their Shoes: Black Performers in the American Circus,' ibid.
42. Stuart Thayer, 'The Out-Side Shows,' Bandwagon, March-April 1992, 24
43. Bernth Lindfors, 'Circus Africans,' Journal of American Culture 6 (1983): 10
44. Robert Bogdan, Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1988).
45. Robert Miles, Racism (London: Routledge 1989), chap. 4.
46. Loomis Dean and Ernie Anderson, 'Hot Rails!' White Tops Nov.-Dec. 1992: 38-43
47. 'How Circus Freaks Are Made,' Coronet, May 1946, 49
48. N.A., A History of the Circus in America (np, nd), 194,
49. With the Circus: A Route Book of Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows, Seasons of 1895 and 1896. 'Zulu ticket' from Lindfors, 'Circus Africans,' 11
50. J. Roland Brown, county crown attorney, County of Prince Edward, to attorney general, Picton, 22 Oct. 1903. Attorney General's Files, AO, RG 4, Series 32, no. 1132
51. Mary Douglas, 'My Circus Fieldwork,' Semiotica 85 (1985): 201-4
52. Tina Loo and Carolyn Strange, 'The Travelling Show Menace: Contested Regulation in Turn-of-the-Century Ontario,' Law and Society Review 29, 4 (1995)
53. Carol Greenhouse, Barbara Yngvesson, and David M. Engel, eds., Law and Community in Three American Towns (Ithaca: Cornell University Press 1994), 143