Liberalism, nationalism and the post-sovereign state

Political Studies

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 553-567

  Maccormick, Neil ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0009094099     PISSN: 00323217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00600.x     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. I have particularly in mind Y. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1993); J. Bengoetxea, 'L'Etat, c'est fini?', Rechtstheorie, Beiheft 15 (Berlin, Duncker und Humbolt, 1993), 93-108; N. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world', Hume Papers on Public Policy, 2 (1994), 79-95; 'Nation and nationalism' in N. MacCormick, Legal Right and Social Democracy (Oxford, Clarendon, 1982), ch. 13.
2. I have particularly in mind Y. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1993); J. Bengoetxea, 'L'Etat, c'est fini?', Rechtstheorie, Beiheft 15 (Berlin, Duncker und Humbolt, 1993), 93-108; N. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world', Hume Papers on Public Policy, 2 (1994), 79-95; 'Nation and nationalism' in N. MacCormick, Legal Right and Social Democracy (Oxford, Clarendon, 1982), ch. 13.
3. I have particularly in mind Y. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1993); J. Bengoetxea, 'L'Etat, c'est fini?', Rechtstheorie, Beiheft 15 (Berlin, Duncker und Humbolt, 1993), 93-108; N. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world', Hume Papers on Public Policy, 2 (1994), 79-95; 'Nation and nationalism' in N. MacCormick, Legal Right and Social Democracy (Oxford, Clarendon, 1982), ch. 13.
4. I have particularly in mind Y. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1993); J. Bengoetxea, 'L'Etat, c'est fini?', Rechtstheorie, Beiheft 15 (Berlin, Duncker und Humbolt, 1993), 93-108; N. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world', Hume Papers on Public Policy, 2 (1994), 79-95; 'Nation and nationalism' in N. MacCormick, Legal Right and Social Democracy (Oxford, Clarendon, 1982), ch. 13.
5. Compare G. Gottlieb, Nation against State (New York, Council on Foreign Relations, 1993); E. Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1983).
6. Compare G. Gottlieb, Nation against State (New York, Council on Foreign Relations, 1993); E. Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1983).
7. This is the case raised by Manfred Brunner and others, often called the 'Maastricht-Urteil', BvR 2134/92; for a discussion, see N. MacCormick, 'The Maastricht-Urteil: sovereignty now', European Law Journal, 1 (1995), 259-66.
8. Case 6/64, Costa v. ENEL [1964] ECR 585.
9. See the speech by Lord Bridge of Harwich in the House of Lords case R v. Secretary of State for Transport ex p. Factortame [1991] A.C. 603 at p. 658; [1991] All E.R. 769.
10. Compare Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.
11. For a fuller argument to this effect see 'Institutional morality and the constitution' in N. MacCormick and O. Weinberger, An Institutional Theory of Law (Dordrecht, Reidel, 1986), ch. 8.
12. H. Kelsen (M. Knight, trans.), The Pure Theory of Law (Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1967), chs 1 and 5.
13. H. L. A. Hart, The Concept of Law (Oxford, Clarendon, 1961), ch. 6.
14. The 'law-state' is the admirably suggestive translation of Rechtsstaat proposed by Professor Åke Frändberg of Uppsala University in an unpublished manuscript with that title; for discussion of the idea, essentially of a 'state under the rule of law', see T. O'Hagan, The End of Law? (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1984), esp. ch. 6; compare MacCormick, 'Constitutionalism and democracy' in R. Bellamy (ed.), Theories and Concepts of Politics (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1993), ch. 6.
15. The 'law-state' is the admirably suggestive translation of Rechtsstaat proposed by Professor Åke Frändberg of Uppsala University in an unpublished manuscript with that title; for discussion of the idea, essentially of a 'state under the rule of law', see T. O'Hagan, The End of Law? (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1984), esp. ch. 6; compare MacCormick, 'Constitutionalism and democracy' in R. Bellamy (ed.), Theories and Concepts of Politics (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1993), ch. 6.
16. Kelsen, The Pure Theory of Law, ch. 9.
17. The argument was most clearly stated by Hart in his (unpublished) lectures on Kelsen, given in Oxford in the early 1960s (I heard the course in 1964); but it is prefigured somewhat in ch. 10 of Hart, The Concept of Law.
18. This point is rather disappointingly handled by F. Dowrick in his pathbreaking work on the application of analytical jurisprudence to Community law; see F. E. Dowrick, 'A Model of the European Communities' legal system', Yearbook of European Law, 3 (1983), 169-237; compare J. H. H. Weiler's contribution to the present volume.
19. See N. MacCormick, 'Beyond the sovereign state', Modern Law Review, 56 (1993), 1-23; compare also my above cited 'Maastricht-Urteil' essay.
20. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism; MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world?'.
21. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism; MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world?'.
22. Discussed in, though not invented by, Gellner, Nations and Nationalism. I ought freely to concede that I somewhat extend the notion of civic institutions beyond some usages, to include the civic institutions of non-state nations (e.g., in Scotland, Scots law, the Church of Scotland, the Scottish Office, the Scottish Football Association, The National Trust for Scotland, The Scottish National Orchestra, and many other like institutions).
23. A. P. Cohen, 'Personal nationalism: a Scottish view of some rites, rights, and wrongs', the 1994 Distinguished Lecture to the Society for the Anthropology of Europe, American Anthropological Association; forthcoming in American Ethnologist (1996). I am much indebted to Professor Cohen for sight of his revised text, and for searching criticisms of the present chapter, including an expressed doubt about the use of the term 'ethnic' in so-called 'ethnic nationalism', and about the absence of a (more credible, in his view) 'cultural nationalism' as a distinct type. I fear that my adaptation of Cohen's concept of 'personal nationalism' departs somewhat from the original, in ways its author does not wholly endorse. See also A. P. Cohen, Self-Consciousness: an Alternative Anthropology of Identity (London, Routledge, 1994).
24. A. P. Cohen, 'Personal nationalism: a Scottish view of some rites, rights, and wrongs', the 1994 Distinguished Lecture to the Society for the Anthropology of Europe, American Anthropological Association; forthcoming in American Ethnologist (1996). I am much indebted to Professor Cohen for sight of his revised text, and for searching criticisms of the present chapter, including an expressed doubt about the use of the term 'ethnic' in so-called 'ethnic nationalism', and about the absence of a (more credible, in his view) 'cultural nationalism' as a distinct type. I fear that my adaptation of Cohen's concept of 'personal nationalism' departs somewhat from the original, in ways its author does not wholly endorse. See also A. P. Cohen, Self-Consciousness: an Alternative Anthropology of Identity (London, Routledge, 1994).
25. A. P. Cohen, 'Personal nationalism: a Scottish view of some rites, rights, and wrongs', the 1994 Distinguished Lecture to the Society for the Anthropology of Europe, American Anthropological Association; forthcoming in American Ethnologist (1996). I am much indebted to Professor Cohen for sight of his revised text, and for searching criticisms of the present chapter, including an expressed doubt about the use of the term 'ethnic' in so-called 'ethnic nationalism', and about the absence of a (more credible, in his view) 'cultural nationalism' as a distinct type. I fear that my adaptation of Cohen's concept of 'personal nationalism' departs somewhat from the original, in ways its author does not wholly endorse. See also A. P. Cohen, Self-Consciousness: an Alternative Anthropology of Identity (London, Routledge, 1994).
26. Tamir, Liberal Nationalism throughout.
27. 'Individualism' is both contested, and many-faceted. One can distinguish value-individualism (the stance which says it is good that there be autonomous individuals, and that ultimate goods are experienced only through the consciousness of individuals) from ontological or methodological individualism, some versions of which deny the real existence of society, or the dependence of individual self-consciousness upon social context (the idea that individuals are necessarily 'contextual individuals'). I repudiate such methodological individualism while embracing value-individualism, or, more grandly, 'axiological individualism'. I concede that there are more moderate versions of methodological individualism, with which my own approach may be compatible; compare Geoffrey Brennan and Alan Hamlin's essay in this volume, and A. P. Hamlin and P. Pettit 'The normative analysis of the state' in A. P. Hamlin and P. Pettit (eds), The Good Polity (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1989).
28. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world?' Compare also N. MacCormick, 'Is nationalism philosophically credible?' in W. Twining (ed.), Issues of Self-Determination (Aberdeen, Aberdeen University Press, 1991), ch. 2.
29. MacCormick, 'What place for nationalism in the modern world?' Compare also N. MacCormick, 'Is nationalism philosophically credible?' in W. Twining (ed.), Issues of Self-Determination (Aberdeen, Aberdeen University Press, 1991), ch. 2.
30. The point is taken in A. Vincent, 'Liberal nationalism: an impossible compound?', Political Studies (forthcoming).
31. See Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, and cf. Gottlieb Nation against State, ch. 2.
32. See Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, and cf. Gottlieb Nation against State, ch. 2.
33. On this point, Gottlieb and I are in entire agreement; I read this as the central thesis of Nation against State.