Black Bear Damage to Forest Stands in Western Washington

Western Journal of Applied Forestry

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 128-131

  Stewart, William B ^a   Witmer, Gary W ^b   Koehler, Gary M ^c  

^a US Fish and Wildlife Service   (United States)

^b NATIONAL WILDLIFE RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0008832183     PISSN: 08856095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/wjaf/14.3.128     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. FLOWERS, R.H. 1987. Supplemental feeding of black bear in tree-damaged areas of western Washington. P. 147-148 in Animal damage management in Pacific Northwest forestry, Baumgartner, D.M., et al. (symp. co-chairs). Coop. Extension, Wash. State Univ. Press, Pullman.
2. KANASKIE, A., J. CHETOCK, G. IRWIN, AND D. OVERHULSER. 1990. Black bear damage to forest trees in northwest Oregon 1988-1989. Pest Manage. Rep. 90-1. Oreg. Dept. of For., Salem, OR. 34 p.
3. LUTZ, H. J. 1951. Damage to trees by black bears in Alaska. J. For. 49:522-523.
4. MASON, A.C., AND D.L. ADAMS. 1989. Black bear damage to thinned timber stands in northwest Montana. West. J. Appl. For. 4:10-13.
5. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (NOAA). 1996. Climatological data: Washington. Vol. 100.
6. NELSON, E.E. 1989. Black bear prefer urea-fertilized trees. West. J. Appl. For. 4:13-15.
7. NOBLE, W.O. 1994. Characteristics of spring foraging ecology among black bears in the central coast ranges of Oregon. M.S. Thesis, Oreg. State Univ., Corvallis. 96 p.
8. PIERSON, D.J. 1966. Washington's black bear problem. Proc. Conf. West. Assoc. State Game and Fish Comm. 46:96-100.
9. POELKER, R.J., AND H.D. HARTWELL. 1973. Black bear of Washington. Wash. State Game Dept. Bull. 14. Olympia, WA. 180 p.
10. SCHMIDT, W.C. 1987. Bear damage - a function of stand density in young larch forests? P. 145 in Animal damage management in Pacific Northwest forestry, Baumgartner, D.M., et al. (symp. co-chairs). Coop. Extension, Wash. State Univ. Press, Pullman.
11. SCHMIDT, W.C., AND M. GOURLEY. 1992. Black bear. P. 309-331 in Silvicultural approaches to animal damage management in Pacific Northwest forests, Black, H.C. (ed.). USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-287.
12. SCHREUDER, G.F. 1976. Economic decision making in black bear damage control. Wash. For. Prot. Assoc. Seattle, WA. 43 p.
13. STEINBRENNER, E.C. 1979. Forest soil productivity relationships. P. 199-229 in Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region, in Heilman, P.E, H.W. Anderson, and D.M. Baumgartner (eds.). Wash. State Univ., Coop. Ext. Serv., Pullman.
14. STEWART, W.B. 1997. An investigation of black bear damage to forest stands in western Washington. M.S. Thesis, Wash. State Univ., Pullman. 120 p.
15. WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE. 1996. Environmental impact statement for the Washington state management plan for black bear. Wildl. Manage. Prog., Wash. Dep. Fish and Wildl., Olympia. 274 p.