Seasonal change in body mass and size of tail of northern beavers

Journal of Mammalogy

Volumn 78, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 869-876

  Smith, Douglas W ^a,b   Jenkins, Stephen H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

^b NATIONAL PARK SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Beaver; Castor canadensis; Change in condition; Costs of reproduction; Energetics; Winter

Indexed keywords

CASTOR CANADENSIS; CASTOR FIBER; CASTORIDAE;

EID: 0008553245     PISSN: 00222372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1382945     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. ALEKSIUK, M. 1970a. The function of the tail as a fat storage depot in the beaver (Castor canadensis). Journal of Mammalogy, 51:145-148.
2. _. 1970b. The seasonal food regime of Arctic beavers. Ecology, 51:264-270.
3. ALEKSIUK, M., AND I. M. COWAN. 1969a. Aspects of seasonal energy expenditure in the beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) at the northern limit of its distribution. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47:471-481.
4. _. 1969b. The winter metabolic depression in Arctic beavers (Castor canadensis Kuhl) with comparisons to California beavers. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47:965-979.
5. ARNOLD, W. 1990. The evolution of marmot sociality: II. Costs and benefits of joint hibernation. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 27:239-246.
6. BOVET, J. 1994. Comment - missed opportunities in the study of activity and body temperature of beaver (Castor canadensis). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 72:567-569.
7. BUCKLEY, J. I., AND W. L. LIBBY. 1955. Growth rates and age determination in Alaskan beaver. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, 20:495-507.
8. BUECH, R. R., D. J. RUGG, AND N. L. MILLER. 1989. Temperature in beavers lodges and bank dens in a near-boreal environment. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67:1061-1066.
9. COLES, R. W. 1967. Thermoregulation of the beaver. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 82 pp.
10. DOUCET, C., AND J. FRYXELL. 1993. The effect of nutritional quality on forage preference by beavers. Oikos, 67:201-208.
11. DYCK, A. P., AND R. A. MACARTHUR. 1992. Seasonal patterns of body temperature and activity in free-ranging beaver (Castor canadensis). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 70:1668-1672.
12. HALL, J. G. 1960. Willow and aspen in the ecology of beaver on Sagehen Creek, California. Ecology, 41:484-494.
13. HILL, E. P. 1982. Beaver. Pp. 256-281, in Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, economics (J. Chapman and G. Feldhamer, eds.). The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1147 pp.
14. JENKINS, S. H., AND P. E. BUSHER. 1979. Castor canadensis. Mammalian Species, 120:1-8.
15. KNOPF, F., AND D. BALPH. 1977. Annual periodicity of Uinta ground squirrels. The Southwestern Naturalist, 22:213-224.
16. KURMIS, V., S. L. WEBB, AND L. L. MERRIAM, JR. 1986. Plant communities of Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64:531-540.
17. LANCIA, R. A., W. E. DODGE, AND J. S. LARSON. 1982. Winter activity patterns of two radio-marked beaver colonies. Journal of Mammalogy, 63:598-606.
18. MACARTHUR, R. A., AND A. P. DYCK. 1994. The search for a metabolic depression in the beaver: "lost opportunities" or red herrings? Canadian Journal of Zoology, 72:569-571.
19. MICHENER, G., AND L. LOCKLEAR. 1990. Over-winter weight loss by Richardson's ground squirrels in relation to sexual differences in mating effort. Journal of Mammalogy, 71:489-499.
20. MIURA, S., AND N. MARUYAMA. 1986. Winter weight loss in Japanese serow. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 50:336-338.
21. MOORE, D. W., AND M. L. KENNEDY. 1985. Weight changes and population structure of raccoons in western Tennessee. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 49:906-909.
22. MORRISON, P. 1960. Some interrelations between weight and hibernation function. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 124:75-91.
23. MORTON, M. L., AND P. W. SHERMAN. 1978. Effects of a spring snowstorm on behavior, reproduction, and survival of Belding's ground squirrels. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56:2578-2590.
24. MURIE, J. O., AND M. A. HARRIS. 1982. Annual variation of spring emergence and breeding in Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus). Journal of Mammalogy, 63:431-439.
25. NORTHCOTT, T. H. 1972. Water lilies as beaver food. Oikos, 23:408-409.
26. NOVAKOWSKI, N. S. 1967. The winter bioenergetics of a beaver population in northern latitudes. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 45:1107-1118.
27. OSBORN, D. J. 1955. Techniques for sexing beaver, Castor canadensis. Journal of Mammalogy, 36:141-142.
28. PEARSON, A. M. 1960. A study of the growth and reproduction of the beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) correlated with the quality and quantity of some habitat features. M.S. thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 103 pp.
29. POTVIN, C. L., AND J. BOVET. 1975. Annual cycle of patterns of activity rhythms in beaver colonies (Castor canadensis) Journal of Comparative Physiology, A. Sensory, Neurol, and Behavioral Physiology 98: 243-256.
30. SAETHER, B., AND A. J. GRAVEM. 1988. Annual variation in winter body condition of Norwegian moose calves. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 52: 333-336.
31. SAMSON, C., AND J. HUOT. 1995. Reproductive biology of female black bears in relation to body mass in early winter. Journal of Mammalogy, 76:68-77.
32. SCHOLANDER, P. F., V. WALTERS, R. HOCK, AND L. IRVING. 1950. Body insulation of some Arctic and tropical mammals and birds. The Biological Bulletin, 99:225-236.
33. SLOUGH, B. G. 1978. Beaver food cache structure and utilization. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 42: 644-646.
34. SLOUGH, B. G., AND R. M. E S. SADLEIR. 1977. A land capability classification system for beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 55: 1324-1335.
35. SMITH, D. S., R. O. PETERSON, AND T. D. DRUMMER. 1994. Reply - studies of beaver activity and body temperature: a historical perspective. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 72:572-574.
36. SMITH, D. S., R. O. PETERSON, T. D. DRUMMER, AND D. S. SHEPUTIS. 1991. Over-winter activity and body temperature patterns in northern beavers. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69:2178-2182.
37. SOKAL, R. R., AND F. J. ROHLF. 1995. Biometry: the principles and practice of statistics in biological research. Third ed. W. H. Freeman and Co., New York, 887 pp.
38. STEARNS, F. 1951. The composition of the sugar-maple-hemlock-yellow-birch association in northern Wisconsin. Ecology, 32:245-265.
39. STEARNS, S. C. 1992. The evolution of life histories. Oxford University Press, New York, 249 pp.
40. STEPHENSON, A. B. 1969. Temperatures within a beaver lodge in winter. Journal of Mammalogy, 50: 134-136.
41. SWEITZER, R. A., AND J. BERGER. 1993. Seasonal dynamics of mass and body condition in Great Basin porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum). Journal of Mammalogy, 74:198-203.
42. VAN VUREN, D., AND K. B. ARMITAGE. 1991. Duration of snow cover and its influence on life-history variation in yellow-bellied marmots. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69:1755-1758.
43. ZAR, J. H. 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Second ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 718 pp.