What Information Do Consumers Want and Need?

Health Affairs

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 42-56

  Edgman Levitan, Susan ^a   Cleary, Paul D ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONSUMER; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; INFORMATION SERVICE; MEDICARE; REVIEW; UNITED STATES; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

CONSUMER PARTICIPATION; CONSUMER SATISFACTION; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HEALTH POLICY; HUMANS; INFORMATION SERVICES; INSURANCE, HEALTH; MANAGED CARE PROGRAMS; MEDICARE; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; UNITED STATES; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

EID: 0007686290     PISSN: 02782715     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.15.4.42     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
2. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
3. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
4. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
5. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
6. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
7. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
8. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
9. American College of Physicians, "Comprehensive Functional Assessment for Elderly Patients," Annals of Internal Medicine 109, no. 1 (1988): 70-72; P.M. Ellwood, "Outcomes Management: A Technology or Patient Experience?" The New England Journal of Medicine 318, no. 23 (1988): 1549-1556; K.N. Lohr, ed., "Advances in Health Status Assessment: Overview of the Conference," Medical Care 27 (Supplement 1 1989): S1-S11; I. McDowell and C. Newell, Measuring Health; A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); D.L. Patrick and M. Bergner, "Measurement of Health Status in the 1990s," Annual Review of Public Health 11, no. 10163-7525 (1990): 165-183; D.L. Patrick and P. Erickson, "Health Status and Health Policy," in Quality of Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource Allocation, ed. S.R. Walker and R.M. Rosser (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); S.A. Schroeder, "Outcome Assessment 70 Years Later: Are We Ready?" The New England Journal of Medicine 316, no. 3 (1987): 160-162; S.O. Thier, "Forces Motivating the Use of Health Status Assessment Measures in Clinical Settings and Related Clinical Research," Medical Care 30, no. 5 (Supplement 1992): MS15-MS22; and I.B. Wilson and P.D. Cleary, "Linking Clinical Variables with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Causal Model of Patient Outcomes," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 1 (1995): 59-65.
10. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
11. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
12. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
13. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
14. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
15. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
16. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
17. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
18. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
19. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
20. P. Caper, "Defining Quality in Medical Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 49-61; P.D. Cleary and B.J. McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 25-36; P.D. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care: A National Survey," Health Affairs (Winter 1991): 254-267; P.D. Cleary, S. Greenfield, and B.J. McNeil, "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery," Controlled Clinical Trials 12, no. 4 (Supplement 1991): 189S-203S; A.R. Davies and J.E. Ware Jr., "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 33-48; A. Donabedian, "Quality Assessment and Assurance: Unity of Purpose, Diversity of Means," Inquiry (Spring 1988): 173-192; D.A. Garvin, "What Does 'Product Quality' Really Mean?" Sloan Management Review 26, no. 1 (1984): 25-43; K.N. Lohr, K.D. Yordy, and S.O. Thier, "Current Issues in Quality of Care," Health Affairs (Spring 1988): 5-18; D.A. Matthews and A.R. Feinstein, "A Review of Systems for the Personal Aspects of Patient Care," American Journal of Medical Science 295, no. 3 (1988): 159-171; M. Meterko, E.C. Nelson, and H.R. Rubin, "Patient Judgements of Hospital Quality," Medical Care 28 (Supplement 1990): S18-S22; and G.E. Steffen, "Quality Medical Care; A Definition," Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 1 (1988): 56-61.
21. H.M. Allen Jr. et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey: Round One," Health Affairs (Fall 1994): 25-41; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery;" and P.D. Cleary et al., "A National Survey of Hospital Patients: The Relationship between Reported Problems with Care and Patient Evaluations," Quality Review Bulletin (February 1992): 53-59.
22. H.M. Allen Jr. et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey: Round One," Health Affairs (Fall 1994): 25-41; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery;" and P.D. Cleary et al., "A National Survey of Hospital Patients: The Relationship between Reported Problems with Care and Patient Evaluations," Quality Review Bulletin (February 1992): 53-59.
23. H.M. Allen Jr. et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey: Round One," Health Affairs (Fall 1994): 25-41; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery;" and P.D. Cleary et al., "A National Survey of Hospital Patients: The Relationship between Reported Problems with Care and Patient Evaluations," Quality Review Bulletin (February 1992): 53-59.
24. H.M. Allen Jr. et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey: Round One," Health Affairs (Fall 1994): 25-41; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery;" and P.D. Cleary et al., "A National Survey of Hospital Patients: The Relationship between Reported Problems with Care and Patient Evaluations," Quality Review Bulletin (February 1992): 53-59.
25. H.M. Allen Jr. et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey: Round One," Health Affairs (Fall 1994): 25-41; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Assessing Quality of Life after Surgery;" and P.D. Cleary et al., "A National Survey of Hospital Patients: The Relationship between Reported Problems with Care and Patient Evaluations," Quality Review Bulletin (February 1992): 53-59.
26. F. Acito, "Consumer Decision-Making and Health Maintenance Organizations: A Review," Medical Care 16, no. 1 (1978): 1-13.
27. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
28. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
29. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
30. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
31. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
32. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
33. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
34. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
35. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
36. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
37. Alien et al., "The Employee Health Care Value Survey;" Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate their Hospital Care;" P.D. Cleary et al., "Using Patient Reports to Improve Medical Care: A Preliminary Report from Ten Hospitals," Quality Management Health Care 2, no. 1 (1993): 31-38; Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment;" J. Hall and M.C. Donnan, "Patient Sociodemographic Characteristics as Predictors of Satisfaction with Medical Care: A Meta-Analysis," Social Science and Medicine 30, no. 7 (1990): 811-818; J. Hall, M.A. Melbourne, and A.M. Epstein, "A Causal Model of Health Status and Satisfaction with Medical Care," Medical Care 31, no. 1 (1993): 84-93; R.D. Hays et al., "Hospital Quality Trends: A Short-Form Patient-Based Measure," Medical Care 29, no. 7 (1991): 661-668; H.R. Rubin et al., "Patients' Ratings of Outpatient Visits in Different Practice Settings," Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 7 (1993): 835-840; D.G. Safran, A.R. Tarlov, and W.H. Rogers, "Primary Care Performance in Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Healthcare Systems: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study," Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20 (1994): 1579-1586; and J.E. Ware Jr. and R.D. Hays, "Methods for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Specific Medical Encounters," Medical Care 26, no. 4 (1988): 393-402.
38. Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" and Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment."
39. Cleary and McNeil, "Patient Satisfaction as an Indicator of Quality of Care;" and Davies and Ware, "Involving Consumers in Quality of Care Assessment."
40. Cleary et al., "Patients Evaluate Their Hospital Care."
41. M. Gerteis et al., eds., Through the Patient's Eyes (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1993).
42. Office of Inspector General, Surveying Medicare Beneficiaries (Washington: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1995).
43. Frederick/Schneiders, Inc., Analysis of Foots Groups concerning Managed Care and Medicare, Prepared for The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (Washington: Frederick/Schneiders, Inc., 1995).
44. S. Sofaer and M. Hurwicz, "When Medical Group and HMO Part Company: Disenrollment Decisions in Medicare HMOs," Medical Care 31, no. 9 (1993): 808-821.
45. Research Triangle Institute, Information Needs for Consumer Choice Case Study Report, Report prepared for Office of Research and Demonstrations, Health Care Financing Administration (Research Triangle Park, N.C.: RTI, 1995); and RTI, Information Needs for Consumer Choice; Draft Focus Group Report, Report prepared for Office of Research and Demonstrations, Health Care Financing Administration (Research Triangle Park, N.C.: RTI, 1995).
46. Research Triangle Institute, Information Needs for Consumer Choice Case Study Report, Report prepared for Office of Research and Demonstrations, Health Care Financing Administration (Research Triangle Park, N.C.: RTI, 1995); and RTI, Information Needs for Consumer Choice; Draft Focus Group Report, Report prepared for Office of Research and Demonstrations, Health Care Financing Administration (Research Triangle Park, N.C.: RTI, 1995).
47. J.H. Hibbard and J.J. Jewett, "What Type of Quality Information Do Consumers Want in a Health Care Report Card?" Medical Care Research Review 53, no. 1 (1996): 28-47.
48. Personal interviews with representatives from HealthPartners, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Harvard Pilgrim Health Plan, Boston, Massachusetts; Fallon Health Plan, Worcester, Massachusetts; The Family Health Plan, Tampa, Florida; state Information Counseling and Assistance (ICA) program hotlines in Arizona, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Texas; GTE, Waltham, Massachusetts; and HCFA, Baltimore, Maryland.
49. B.N. Davidson, "Designing Health Insurance Information for the Medicare Beneficiary: A Policy Synthesis," Health Services Research 23, no. 5 (1988): 685-720; J.H. Hibbard and E.C. Weeks, "Consumerism in Health Care: Prevalence and Predictors," Medical Care 25, no. 11 (1987): 1019-1032; and S. Sofaer, "Informing and Protecting Consumers under Managed Competition," Health Affairs (Supplement 1993): 76-86.
50. B.N. Davidson, "Designing Health Insurance Information for the Medicare Beneficiary: A Policy Synthesis," Health Services Research 23, no. 5 (1988): 685-720; J.H. Hibbard and E.C. Weeks, "Consumerism in Health Care: Prevalence and Predictors," Medical Care 25, no. 11 (1987): 1019-1032; and S. Sofaer, "Informing and Protecting Consumers under Managed Competition," Health Affairs (Supplement 1993): 76-86.
51. B.N. Davidson, "Designing Health Insurance Information for the Medicare Beneficiary: A Policy Synthesis," Health Services Research 23, no. 5 (1988): 685-720; J.H. Hibbard and E.C. Weeks, "Consumerism in Health Care: Prevalence and Predictors," Medical Care 25, no. 11 (1987): 1019-1032; and S. Sofaer, "Informing and Protecting Consumers under Managed Competition," Health Affairs (Supplement 1993): 76-86.
52. S. Sofaer, "Threats to Consumers," Health/PAC Bulletin (Spring 1993): 26-27.
53. Sofaer and Hurwicz, "When Medical Group and HMO Part Company;" and T. Varner and J. Christy, "Consumer Information Needs in a Competitive Health Care Environment," Health Care Financing Review (Special Supplement 1986): 99-104.
54. Sofaer and Hurwicz, "When Medical Group and HMO Part Company;" and T. Varner and J. Christy, "Consumer Information Needs in a Competitive Health Care Environment," Health Care Financing Review (Special Supplement 1986): 99-104.
55. J.M. Healy, L.A. Govoni, and E.D. Smolker, "Patient Reports about Ambulatory Care," Quality Management in Health Care (Fall 1995): 71-81.
56. S. Sofaer and B.N. Davidson, "Illness-Episode Approach: Costs and Benefits of Medigap Insurance," Health Care Financing Review 11, no. 4 (1990): 121-131.
57. J.R. Gilbert and P.D. Cleary, "Universal Disclosure of Cost-Containment Methods in Health Plans: A Review and Proposal" (Unpublished manuscript, 1996).