Nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation pattern in crossbred cattle fed different planes of nutrition supplemented with urea molasses mineral block

Animal Feed Science and Technology

Volumn 64, Issue 2-4, 1997, Pages 101-112

  Toppo, S ^a   Verma, A K ^a   Dass, R S ^a   Mehra, U R ^a  

^a INDIAN VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (India)

Author keywords

Nutrient utilization; Plane of nutrition; Rumen fermentation; Urea molasses mineral block

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS; HORDEUM VULGARE SUBSP. VULGARE; TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 0007515869     PISSN: 03778401     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0377-8401(96)01070-X     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1980. Official Methods of Analysis. 13th edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.
2. Barnett, A.J.G. and Reid, R.L., 1957. Studies on the production of volatile fatty acids from the grass by rumen liquor in an artificial rumen. I. volatile fatty acid production from grass. J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 48: 315-321.
3. Coombe, J.B. and Mullholland, J.G., 1983. Utilization of urea and molasses supplement by sheep grazing oat stubble. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 34: 767-776.
4. Conway, E.J., 1957. Microdiffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error. 4th edition, Crossby Lockwood and Sons Ltd., University Press, Glasgow and London, pp. 98-100.
5. Dass, R.S. and Arora, S.P., 1989. Effect of feeding aflatoxin on N kinetics in crossbred and buffalo calves fed different levels of protein. J. Nucl. Agric. Biol., 18: 233-238.
6. Dass, R.S., Verma, A.K. and Mehra, U.R., 1996. Effect of feeding urea molasses liquid diet on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation pattern and blood profile in adult male buffaloes. Buffalo J., 12: 11-22.
7. Elangovan, A.V., Mehra, U.R., Singh, U.B. and Sahoo, A., 1991. Response of urea-molasses semi-solid block supplementation, live weight gain and nutrient utilization in underfed buffalo calves. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 44: 543-546.
8. Garg, M.R. and Gupta, B.N., 1991. Rumen fluid volume, liquid digesta and solid particle flow rate in crossbred calves fed wheat straw supplemented with either concentrate mixture or UMMB lick. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 8: 119-122.
9. Garg, M.R. and Gupta, B.N., 1992. Effect of supplementing urea molasses mineral block lick to straw based diet on dry matter intake and nutrient utilization. Asian J. Anim. Sci., 5: 39-46.
10. Hande, P.S., 1989. Studies on the supplementation of cotton seed cake as an additive on a diet of urea-molasses mineral block and wheat straw in buffaloes. M.V.Sc. Thesis, Deemed University, IVRI, Izatnagar, U.P., India.
11. Hobson, P.N., 1972. Physiological characteristics of rumen microbes and relation to diet and fermentation patterns. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 31: 135-140.
12. Hosamani, S.V., 1992. Factors affecting the variations in urea molasses block intake and its utilization in buffaloes. Ph.D. Thesis, Deemed University, IVRI, Izatnagar, U.P., India.
13. Iwuanyanwn, I.E.J., Umunna, N.N. and Dim, N.I., 1990. Effects of urea supplementation with or without molasses on the intake, digestibility and live weight changes of beef heifers fed native hay. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 31: 277-284.
14. Jayasuriya, M.C.N., 1987. Improvement of poor quality roughages. In: U.B. Singh (Editor), Advanced Animal Nutrition for Developing countries. Indo-Vision Pvt. Ltd., Ghaziabad, pp. 236-259.
15. Johri, C.B. and Ranjhan, S.K., 1983. Metabolism of urea in growing buffalo calves on wheat straw impregnated with different levels of molasses with a sole source of nitrogen from urea. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 53: 647-649.
16. Kearl, L.C., 1982. Nutrient Requirement of Ruminants in Developing Countries. International Feed Stuffs Institute, Utah State University, Logan, UT, p. 82.
17. Khalili, H., 1993. Supplementation of grass hay with molasses in crossbred (Bos taurus X Bos indicus) non lactating cows: effect of level of molasses supplements on feed intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and rumen digesta pool size. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 41: 23-28.
18. Khalili, H. and Huhtanen, P., 1991. Sucrose supplements in cattle given grass silage based diet. 1. Digestion of organic matter and nitrogen. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 33: 247-261.
19. Kunju, P.J., 1986. Urea molasses block licks, a feed supplement for ruminants. Paper presented at the International Workshop on Rice straw and Related Feeds in Ruminants Rations, 24-28 March, Kandry, Sri Lanka, pp. 27.
20. Kurar, C.K., 1977. Effect of plane of Nutrition on the utilization of feed nutrients for milk production in buffaloes. Ph.D. Thesis, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India, 105 pp.
21. Leng, R.A., 1984. The potential of solidified molasses based blocks for the correction of multinutritional deficiencies in buffaloes and other ruminants fed low quality agro-industrial by products. The Use of Nuclear Techniques to Improve Domestic Buffalo Production in Asia. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 135-150.
22. Madhu Mohini and Gupta, B.N., 1993. Nutrient utilization in buffaloes fed paddy straw supplemented with urea molasses mineral block. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 10: 217-221.
23. Manget Ram and Kunju, P.J.G., 1986. Effect of incorporating concentrate mixture with urea molasses mineral block feeding on rumen metabolites and digesta flow rate in buffalo calves. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 3: 244-248.
24. Maynard, L.A., Loosli, J.K., Hintz, H.F. and Warner, R.G., 1979. Animal Nutrition. 7th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, p. 261.
25. Mehra, U.R., Challa, J. and Singh, U.B., 1991. Effect of supplementation of urea molasses mineral block and wheat bran in a wheat bhoosa based diet on growth performance and nutrient utilization in buffalo calves. Indian J. Dairy Sci. 44: 522-525.
26. Mehra, U.R., Challa, J. and Singh, U.B., 1993. Nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation pattern in buffaloes fed rations supplemented with formaldehyde treated urea molasses mineral blocks. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 4: 67-72.
27. Mehra, U.R., Dass, R.S., Varshney, V.P. and Verma, A.K., 1994. Response of urea-molasses liquid diet on the performance and thyroid gland activity in crossbred heifers (Bos indicus X Bos taurus). J. Nucl. Agric. Biol., 23: 33-38.
28. Mirza, I.H., Jadoon, J.K., Naqvi, M.A. and Ali, A., 1988. Performance of lambs fed urea molasses block vs. concentrate. Asian Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 1: 27-34.
29. Neric, S.P., Aquino, D.L., Delacuz, P.C. and Ranjhan, S.K., 1984. Effect of urea molasses mineral block lick on the performance of Caracows. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 2: 84-90.
30. Phillips, R.L. and Vavra, H., 1979. The influence of molasses based urea supplement on animal performance and fibre digestibility. J. Anim. Sci., 49 (suppl. I): 397-407.
31. Preston, T.R. and Leng, R.A., 1984. Supplementation of diets based on fibrous residues and by products. In: F. Sundstol and E. Owen (Editors), Straw and Other Fibrous By-Products as Feed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 373-413.
32. Preston, T.R. and Leng, R.A., 1987. Matching livestock production systems with available resources in the tropics and sub-tropics. Penambul Books, Armidale, NSW, Australia, pp. 161-180.
33. Sansoucy, R. and Aartes, G.A., 1986. Molasses urea blocks as multinutrient supplement for ruminants in various conditions. Expert Consultation on Sugarcane as Feed. 7-11 July, Santo-Domingo, Dominican Republic, p. 8.
34. Sarkar, N.R., 1991. Effect of feeding urea molasses block lick on the performance of lactating cows. Proceedings of 1st International Animal Nutrition Research Workers' Conference for Asia and Pacific, 23-28 September, Bangalore, India, Compendium II. Abst. No. 1.
35. Sharma, V.V. and Jhanwar, B.M., 1973. Effect of supplementation of wheat straw with concentrate on voluntary intake, digestibility and growth in cattle. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 43: 688-691.
36. Singh, G.P., Gupta, B.N. and Kunju, P.J.G., 1991. Effect of urea molasses mineral block lick supplementation on the dry matter intake and nutrient utilization in crossbred cattle. Proceedings of 1st International Animal Nutrion Research Workers' Conference for Asia and Pacific, 23-28 September, Bangalore, India. Compendium II. Abst. No. 13.
37. Singh, R.P. and Talapatra, S.K., 1971. Utilization of calcium as influenced by varying levels of dietary protein in young Haryana calves. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 41: 9-11.
38. Singh, U.B. and Mehra, U.R., 1986. A preliminary note on the possibility of using cement and wheat flour as binding agents for preparing urea molasses block lick at ambient temperature. J. Vet. Physiol. Allied Sci., 5: 43-44.
39. Singh, U.B. and Mehra, U.R., 1990. Utilization of ammoniated wheat straw given in a feed block and supplemented with varying quantities of fish meal and oil extracted rice bran. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 28: 129-134.
40. Smith, R.H. and McAllan, A.B., 1970. Nucleic acid metabolism in the ruminant, Br. J. Nutr., 24: 545-556.
41. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G., 1967. Statistical Methods. 6th edition, Oxford and IBH Publications, Calcutta, India, pp. 258-298.
42. Sudana, I.B. and Leng, R.A., 1986. Effect of supplementing wheat straw diet with urea or urea molasses block and/nor cotton seed meal on intake and live weight changes of lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 16: 25-35.
43. Tiwari, S.P., Singh, U.B. and Mehra, U.R., 1990. Urea molasses mineral blocks as a feed supplement: effect on growth and nutrient utilization in buffalo calves. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 29: 333-341.
44. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3583-3597.