Types of activity, fitness levels and calcium intake amongst 14-16 year old scholars: Sufficient for bone health?

Advances in Physiotherapy

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 51-62

  Turner, Pat ^a  

^a TEESSIDE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Activity levels; Adolescent lifestyles; Health promotion; Osteoporosis risk factors

Indexed keywords

EID: 0007417493     PISSN: 14038196     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/140381900443319     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Dolan P, Torgerson DJ. The cost of treating osteoporotic fractures in the United Kingdom female population. In Ring E, Elvins D, Bhalla K. Current Research in Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Measurement, British Institute of Radiology, London. 1998;V:87.
2. Melton LJ. Epidemiology of osteoporosis. In Ring E, Elvins D, Bhalla K. (Eds). Current Research in Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Measurement, British Institute of Radiology, London, 1996;IV:1-2.
3. Cooper C, Campion G, Melton L. Hip Fractures in the elderly: a worldwide projection. Osteoporosis International 1992;2:285-9.
4. Cummings S, Nevitt MC, Browner WS, Stone K, Fox K, Ensrud K. Risk Factors for Hip Fracture in White Women. New England Journal of Medicine 1995;332:767-73.
5. Inoue T, Kushida K, Kobayashi G, Machida A, Yamazaki K, Sugiyama E, Watanabe H. Exercise therapy for osteoporosis, Osteoporosis International. 1993;3:supplement 1:166-168.
6. Kriska AM, Sandler RB, Cauley J, LaPorte RE, Hom D, Pambianco G. The Assessment of historical physical activity and its relation to adult bone Parameters. American Journal of Epidemiology 1988;127:1053-63.
7. Bonjour JP, Rizzoli R. Approach to changing peak bone mass. In Ring E, Elvins D, Bhalla AK (Eds). Current Research in Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Measurement, British Institute of Radiology, London. 1998;V:124-125.
8. Bonjour JP, Theintz G, Buchs B, Slosman D, Rizzoli D. Critical years and stages of puberty for spinal and femoral bone mass accumulation during adolescence. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1991;73:555-63.
9. Gilsanz V, Gibbens DT, Carlson M, Boechat M, Cann C, Schulz E. Peak trabecular vertebral density: a comparison of adolescent and adult females. Calcified Tissues International 1988;43:260-2.
10. Fassler A-LC, Bonjour JP. Osteoporosis as a paediatric problem. Paediatric Clinics of North America 1995;42:811-24.
11. Parfitt AM. The 2 Faces of growth - benefits and risks to bone integrity. Osteoporosis International 1994;4:382-98.
12. Welten DC, Kemper HC, Post GB, Van Mechelen W, Twisk J, Lips P, Teule GJ. Weight-bearing activity during youth is a more important factor for peak bone mass than calcium intake. Journal of Bone Mineral Research 1994;9:1089-96.
13. Slemenda CW, Reister TK, Hui SL, Christian JC, Johnston CC. Influences on skeletal mineralization in children and adolescents: evidence for varying effects of sexual maturation and physical activity. Journal of Paediatrics 1994;125:201-7.
14. Teegarden D, Proulx WR, Kern M, Sedlock D, Weaver CM, Johnston C, Lyle RM. Previous physical activity relates to bone mineral measures in young women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1994;28:105-13.
15. Valimaki MJ, Karkkingen M, Lanberg-Allardt C, Lakingen K, Helkkinen J, Alhava F, Impivaara O, Makela P, Paimgren J, Seppanen H. Exercise, smoking and calcium intake during adolescence and early adulthood as determinants of peak bone mass. British Medical Journal 1994;309:230-5.
16. Ruiz JC, Mandel C, Garabedian M. Influence of spontaneous calcium intake and physical exercise on the vertebral and femoral bone mineral density of children and adolescents. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 1995;10:675-82.
17. Law MR, Hackshaw AK. A meta-analysis of cigarette smoking, bone mineral density and risk of hip fracture: recognition of a major effect. British Medical Journal 1997;315:841-6.
18. Dempster DW, Lindsay R. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Lancet 1993;341:797-801.
19. Root AW. Effects of under nutrition on skeletal growth maturation and Development. in Simmons DJ (Ed): Nutrition and Bone Development. Oxford University Press; Oxford 1990;115-129.
20. Johnston C, Miller JZ, Slemenda C, Reister T, Hui S, Christian JC, Peacock M. Calcium supplementation increases bone mineral density in children. New England Journal of Medicine 1992;327:82-7.
21. Barr SI, McKay HA. Nutrition, exercise and bone status in youth. British Journal of Sports Nutrition 1998;8:124-42.
22. Stallings VA. Calcium and bone health in children: a review. American Journal of Therapeutics 1997;4:259-73.
23. Gutin B, Kasper MJ. Can vigorous exercise play a role in osteoporosis prevention? Osteoporosis International 1992;2:55-69.
24. Rubin LA, Hawker GA, Peltekova VD, Fielding FJ, Ridout R, Cole DE. Determinants of peak bone mass: clinical and genetic anlyses in a young female Canadian cohort. Journal of Bone Mineral Research 1999;14:633-43.
25. Cooper C, Cawley M, Bhalla A, Egger P, Ring F, Morton L, Barker D. Childhood growth, physical activity and peak bone mass in women. Journal of Bone Mineral Research 1995;10:940-7.
26. Shephard RJ. What is the optimal type of activity to enhance health? British Journal of Sports Medicine 1997;31:277-84.
27. Henderson NK, White CP, Eisman JA. The roles of exercise and fall risk reduction in the prevention of osteoporosis. Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America 1998;27:369-87.
28. Pocock NA, Elsman JA, Yeates M, Sambrock P, Eberts J. Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density. Journal of Clinical Investigation 1986;78:618-21.
29. Chow RK, Harrison JE, Brown CF. Physical fitness effect on bone mass in postmenopausal women. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1986;67:231-4.
30. VandenBergh MF, DeMan SA, Whiteman JC, Hoffman A, Trouerbach WT, Grobbee DE. Physical activity, caclium intake and bone mineral content in children in the Netherlands. Journal of Epidemiology of Community Health 1995;49:299-304.
31. Lysen VC, Walker R. Osteoporosis risk factors in eighth grade students. Journal of School Health 1997;67:317-21.
32. Aaron DJ, Kriska AM, Dearwater S, Anderson R, Olsen TL, Cauley JA, LaPorte RE. The epidemiology of leisure physical activities in an adolescent population. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1993;25:847-53.
33. Armstrong N, Balding J, Gentle P, Kirby B. Patterns of physical activity among 11-16 year old British schoolchildren. British Medical Journal 1990;301:203-5.
34. Armstrong N, Welsman JR. Assessment and interpretation of aerobic fitness in children and adolescents. Exercise and Sports Science Reviews 1994;22:435-76.
35. Corbin C, Pangrazi RP. Are American children and youth fit? Research Quarterly Exercise and Sport 1992;63:96-106.
36. Katzmaryk PT, Malina RM, Song TM, Bouchard C. Physical activity and health related fitness: a multivariate analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1998;30:709-14.
37. Cleveland County Council Data and Intelligence Department 1993. Middlesbrough, UK 1994. (written information on request)
38. Liu NY-S, Plowman SA, Looney MA. The reliability of the 20-metre shuttle test in American students 12-15 years old. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 1992;63:360-5.
39. Committee of experts on sports research 1988; Eurofit: Handbook for the Eurofit tests of physical fitness. Council of Europe Committee for the Development of Sport, Rome, Italy.
40. 2 max. European Journal of Applied Physiology 1982;49:1-12.
41. Shvartz E, Reibold RC. Aerobic fitness norms for males & females aged 6 to 75 years: a review. Journal of Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 1990;61:3-11.
42. Cummings SR, Block G, McHenry G. Evaluation of two food frequency methods of measuring dietary calcium. American Journal of Epidemiology 1987;126:796-802.
43. McCardle WD, Katch FI, Katch VL. Exercise Physiology 3rd Ed Lea & Febiger Philadelphia. 1991;761-779.
44. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH. Growth and Development Records. Castlemead Publications, Hertfordshire UK 1983.
45. Updyke WF. In search of relevant and credible physical fitness standards for children. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 1992;63:112-9.
46. Andersen JJ, Metz JA. Contributions of dietary calcium and physical activity to primary prevention of osteoporosis in females. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1993;12:378-83.
47. Katzmaryk PT, Malina RM, Song TM, Bouchard C. Televison viewing, physical activity and health-related fitness of youth in the Quebec Family Study. Journal of Adolescent Health 1998b;23:318-25.
48. Sallis JF, Simons-Morton B, Stone E, Corbin CB, Epstein L, Faucette N, Ianotti R, Killen J, Klesges R, Petray C, Rowland T, Taylor W. Determinants of physical activity and interventions in youth, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 1992;24:6 (supplement) S248-S257.
49. Welsh MC, Robinson RL, Lindman LS. Sex differences in health attitudes and choice of health behaviours. Psychological Report 1998;83:1161-2.