Electoral Systems and the Representation of Minority Interests in Legislatures

Legislative Studies Quarterly

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 331-385

  Canon, David T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0007149670     PISSN: 03629805     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/440349     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Abramowitz, Alan I. 1983. "Partisan Redistricting and the 1982 Congressional Elections." Journal of Politics 45:767-70.
2. Abrams, Kathryn. 1988. "'Raising Politics Up': Minority Political Participation and Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act." New York University Law Review 63:449-531.
3. Adams, Greg D. 1996. "Legislative Effects of Single-Member vs. Multi-Member Districts." American Journal of Political Science 40:129-44.
4. Amir, Y. 1969. "Contact Hypothesis in Ethnic Relations." Psychology Bulletin 71:319-42.
5. Arnold, R. Douglas. 1990. The Logic of Congressional Action. New Haven: Yale University Press.
6. Barber, Benjamin R. 1984. Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley: University of California Press.
7. Barkan, Joel D. 1995. "Debate: PR and Southern Africa Elections in Agrarian Societies." Journal of Democracy 6:106-16.
8. Barrett, Edith E. 1995. "The Policy Priorities of African American Women in State Legislatures." Legislative Studies Quarterly 20:223-47.
9. Basehart, Harry, and John Comer. 1995. "Redistricting and Incumbent Reelection Success in Five State Legislatures." American Politics Quarterly 23:241-53.
10. Beitz, C.R. 1989. Political Equality: An Essay in Democratic Theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
11. Benenson, Bob. 1992. "GOP's Dreams of a Comeback Via the New Map Dissolve." Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report 50 (November 7):3580-81.
12. Bianco, William T. 1994. Trust: Representatives and Constituents. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
13. Bianco, William T. 1997. "Evaluating Descriptive Representation: When Will Constituents Do Better with 'Someone Like Them?'" Working paper, Department of Political Science, Penn State University.
14. Black, Merle. 1978. "Racial Composition of Congressional Districts and Support for Federal Voting Rights in the American South." Social Science Quarterly 59:435-50.
15. Blissman, Scott E. 1996. "Navigating the Political Thicket: The Supreme Court, The Department of Justice, and the 'Predominant Motive' in District Apportionment Cases after Miller v. Johnson." Widener Journal of Public Law 5:503-48.
16. Bloom, Alan. 1987. The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon and Schuster.
17. Bobo, Lawrence, and Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr. 1990. "Race, Sociopolitical Participation and Black Empowerment." American Political Science Review 84:377-93.
18. Born, Richard. 1985. "Partisan Intentions and Election Day Realities in the Congressional Redistricting Process." American Journal of Political Science 79:305-19.
19. Brace, Kimball, Bernard Grofman, and Lisa Handley. 1987. "Does Redistricting Aimed to Help Blacks Necessarily Help Republicans?" Journal of Politics 49:169-85.
20. Brace, Kimball, Lisa Handley, Richard Niemi, and Harold Stanley. 1995. "Minority Turnout and the Creation of Majority-Minority Districts." American Politics Quarterly 23:190-203.
21. Brown, Clyde. 1992. "The Electorial Risk of Redistricting - Evidence from the United States." Electoral Studies 11:122-37.
22. Bullock, Charles S. III. 1981. "Congressional Voting and the Mobilization of Black Electorate in the South." Journal of Politics 43: 662-82.
23. Bullock, Charles S. III. 1985. "Congressional Roll Voting in the Two-Party South." Social Science Quarterly 76:789-804.
24. Bullock, Charles S. III. 1995a. "Affirmative Action Districts: In Whose Face Will They Blow Up?" Campaigns and Elections 16:22-23.
25. Bullock, Charles S. III. 1995b. "The Impact of Changing the Racial Composition of Congressional Districts on Legislators' Roll-Call Behavior." American Politics Quarterly 23:141-58.
26. Bullock, Charles S. III, and A. Brock Smith. 1990. "Black Success in Local Runoff Elections." Journal of Politics 52:1205-20.
27. Bullock, Charles S. III, and Loch K. Johnson. 1992. Runoff Elections in the United States. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
28. Bullock, Charles S. III, and Susan A. MacManus. 1981. "Policy Responsiveness to the Black Electorate: Programmatic Versus Symbolic Representation." American Politics Quarterly 9:357-68.
29. Bullock, Charles S. III, and Susan A. MacManus. 1987. "Staggered Terms and Black Representation." Journal of Politics 49:543-52.
30. Butler, David, and Bruce Cain. 1992. Congressional Redistricting: Comparative and Theoretical Perspective. New York: Macmillan.
31. Button, James W. 1988. Blacks and Social Change: The Impact of the Civil Rights Movement in Southern Communities. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
32. Cain, Bruce E. 1985. "Assesing the Partisan Effects of Redistricting." American Political Science Review 79:320-33.
33. Cameron, Charles, David Epstein, and Sharon O'Halloran. 1996. "Do Majority-Minority Districts Maximize Substantive Black Representation in Congress?" American Political Science Review 90:794-812.
34. Campagna, Janet, and Bernard Grofman. 1990. "Party Contol and Partisan Bias in 1980s Congressional Redistricting." Journal of Politics 52:1242-57.
35. Canon, David T. 1990. Actors, Athletes, and Astronauts: Political Amateurs in the United States Congress. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
36. Canon, David T. 1995. "Redistricting and the Congressional Black Caucus." American Politics Quarterly 23:159-89.
37. Canon, David T. 1999. Race, Redistricting, and Representation: The Unintended Consequences of Black Majority Districts. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
38. Canon, David T., Matthew M. Schousen, and Patrick J. Sellers. 1994. "A Formula for Uncertainty: Creating a Black-Majority District in North Carolina." In Who Runs for Congress: Ambition, Context, and Candidate Emergence, ed. Thomas A. Razee. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
39. Canon, David T., Matthew M. Schousen, and Patrick J. Sellers. 1996. "The Supply-Side of Congressional Redistricting: Race and Strategic Politicians, 1972-1992." Journal of Politics 58:837-53.
40. Carby, Hazel. 1992. "The Multicultural Wars." In Black Popular Culture, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press.
41. Carmichael, Stokley, and Charles V. Hamilton. 1967. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America. New York: Vintage Books.
42. Carmines, Edward G., and James A. Stimson. 1989. Issue Evolution: Race and the Transformation of American Politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
43. Clausen, Aage R. 1973. How Congressmen Decide: A Policy Focus. New York: St. Martin's Press.
44. Clay, William. 1993. Just Permanent Interests: Black Americans in Congress, 1870-1992. New York: Amistad Press.
45. Cobb, Michael D., and Jeffrey A. Jenkins. 1996. "Who Represents Black Interests in Congress?: Sponsoring and Voting for Legislation Beneficial to Black Constituents." Presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago.
46. Combs, Michael W., John R. Hibbing, and Susan Welch. 1984. "Black Constituents and Congressional Roll-Call Votes." Western Political Quarterly 37:424-34.
47. Connoly, William. 1991. Identity/Difference: Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
48. Cox, Gary W. 1984. "Strategic Electoral Choice in Multi-Member Districts: Approval Voting in Practice?" American Journal of Political Science 28:722-38.
49. Cox, Gary W. 1990. "Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems." American Journal of Political Science 34:903-35.
50. Cox, Gary W. 1996. "Is the Single Nontransferable Vote Superproportional? Evidence from Japan and Taiwan." American Journal of Political Science 40:740-55.
51. Cox, Gary W., and Emerson Niou. 1994. "Seat Bonuses under the Single Nontransferable Vote System: Evidence from Japan and Taiwan." Comparative Politics 27:221-36.
52. Cranor, John D., Gary L. Crawley, and Raymond H. Scheele. 1989. "The Anatomy of a Gerrymander." American Journal of Political Science 33:222-39.
53. Crook, Sara Brandes, and John R. Hibbing. 1997. "A Not-So-Distant Mirror: The 17th Amendment and Congressional Change." American Political Science Review 91:845-53.
54. Dahl, Robert A. 1956. A Preface to Democratic Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
55. Davidson, Chandler. 1992. "The Voting Rights Act: A Brief History." In Controversies in Minority Voting: The Voting Rights Act in Perspective, ed. Bernard Grofman and Chandler Davidson. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
56. Davidson, Chandler, and Bernard Grofman, eds. 1994. Quiet Revolution in the South: The Impact of the Voting Rights Act, 1965-1990. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
57. Davidson, Chandler, and George Korbel. 1981. "At-Large Elections and Minority Group Representation: A Reexamination of Historical and Contemporary Evidence." Journal of Politics 43:982-1005.
58. Davidson, Roger. 1969. The Role of the Congressman. New York: Pegasus.
59. Days, Drew S. III 1992. "Section 5 Enforcement and the Justice Department." In Controversies in Minority Voting: The Voting Rights Act in Perspective, ed. Bernard Grofman and Chandler Davidson. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
60. de la Garza, Rodolfo O., L. DeSipio, F.C. Garcia, and A. Falcon. 1992. Latin Voices: Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban Perspectives on American Politics. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
61. Derfner, Armand. 1972. "Racial Discrimination and the Right to Vote." Vanderbilt Law Review 26:523-84.
62. Di Lorenzo, Vincent. 1997. "Legislative Heart and Phase Transitions: An Exploratory Study of Congress and Minority Interest." William and Mary Law Review 38:1729-1815.
63. Downing, Lyle, and Robert Thigpen. 1986. "Beyond Shared Understandings." Political Theory 14:451-72.
64. Drysek, John S. 1990. Discursive Democracy: Politics, Policy, and Political Science. New York: Cambridge University Press.
65. Dworkin, Ronald. 1989. "Liberal Community." California Law Review 77:479-504.
66. Eisenstein, Zillah. 1988. The Female Body and the Law. Berkeley: University of California Press.
67. Eisgruber, Christopher L. 1996. "Ethnic Segregation by Religion and Race: Reflections on Kiryas Joel and Shaw v. Reno." Cumberland Law Review 26:515-26.
68. Engstrom, Richard L. 1994. "The Voting Rights Act: Disenfranchisement Dilution and Alternative Election Systems." PS: Political Science & Politics 27:685-88.
69. Engstrom, Richard L. 1995. "Voting Rights Districts: Debunking the Myths." Campaigns and Elections April:24-46.
70. Fenno, Richard F. 1978. Home Style: House Members in Their Districts. Boston: Little, Brown.
71. Fiorina, Morris P. 1974. Representatives, Roll Calls, and Constituencies. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
72. Gallegher, Michael. 1991. "Proportionality, Disproportionality, and Electoral System." Electoral Studies 10:33-51.
73. Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. 1992. Loose Canons: Notes on the Culture Wars. New York: Oxford University Press.
74. Gay, Claudine. 1996. "The Impact of Black Congressional Representation on the Political Behavior of Constituents." Presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago.
75. Gelman, Andrew, and Gary King. 1994. "Enhancing Democracy Through Legislative Redistricting." American Political Science Review 88:541-59.
76. Gerber Elisabeth R., Rebecca B. Morton, and Thomas A. Rietz. 1998. "Minority Representation in Multimember Districts." American Political Science Review 92:127-44.
77. Giles, Michael W., and Kaenan Hertz. 1994. "Racial Threat and Partisan Identification." American Political Science Review 88:317-26.
78. Gilligan, Carol. 1982. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
79. Gitlin, Todd. 1993 "Universality to Difference: Notes on the Fragmentation of the Idea of the Left." Contention: Debates in Society, Culture, and Science 2:15-40.
80. Glaser, James M. 1994. "Back to the Black Belt: Racial Environment and White Racial Attitudes in the South." Journal of Politics 56:21-41
81. Glazer, Amihai, Bernard Grofman, Marc Robbins. 1987. "Partisan and Incumbency Effects of 1970s Congressional Redistricting." American Journal of Political Science 31:680-707.
82. Gopoian, J. David, and Darrell M. West. 1984. "Trading Security for Seats: Strategic Considerations in the Redistricting Process." The Journal of Politics 46:1080-96.
83. Grofman, Bernard. 1993. "Would Vince Lombardi Have Been Right if He Had Said: 'When it Comes to Redistricting, Race Isn't Everything, it's the Only Thing'?" Cardozo Law Review 14:1237-76.
84. Grofman, Bernard. 1995. "Shaw v. Reno and the Future of Voting Rights." PS: Political Science and Politics 28:27-36.
85. Grofman, Bernard, and Chandler Davidson, eds. 1992. Controversies in Minority Voting: The Voting Rights Act in Perspective. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
86. Grofman, Bernard, and Lisa Handley. 1989a. "Black Representation: Making Sense of Electoral Geography at Different Levels of Government." Legislative Studies Quarterly 14:265-79.
87. Grofman, Bernard, and Lisa Handley. 1989b. "Minority Population Proportion and the Black and Hispanic Congressional Success in the 1970s and 1980s." American Politics Quarterly 17:436-45.
88. Grofman, Bernard, and Lisa Handley. 1991. "The Impact of the Voting Rights Act on Black Representation in Southern State Legislatures." Legislative Studies Quarterly 16:111-27.
89. Grofman, Bernard, Robert Griffin, and Amihai Glazer. 1992. "The Effect of Black Population on Electing Democrats and Liberals to the House of Representatives." Legislative Studies Quarterly 17:365-79.
90. Grofman, Bernard, and Arend Lijphart, eds. 1986. Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences. New York: Agathon Press.
91. Grofman Bernard, Lisa Handley, and Richard Niemi. 1992. Minority Representation and the Quest for Voting Equality. New York: Cambridge University Press.
92. Guinier, Lani. 1991a. "The Triumph of Tokenism - The Voting - Rights Act and the Theory of Black Electoral Success." Michigan Law Review 89:1077-1134.
93. Guinier, Lani. 1991b. "No 2 Seats - The Elusive Quest for Political Equality." Virginia Law Review 77:1413-1514.
94. Guinier, Lani. 1994. The Tyranny of the Majority: Fundamental Fairness in Representative Democracy. New York: Free Press.
95. Guinier, Lani. 1995. "Don't Scapegoat the Gerrymander." New York Times Magazine, January 8, 36-37.
96. Gutmann, Amy, and Dennis Thompson. 1996. Democracy and Disagreement: Why Moral Conflict Cannot be Avoided in Politics and What To Do About It. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (Belknap).