Beijing's Foreign Aid Policy in the 1990s: Continuity and Change

Issues and Studies

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 32-56

  Lin, Teh Chang ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHENGCHI UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Foreign aid; Foreign economic assistance; PRC's foreign aid policy; PRC's foreign policy

Indexed keywords

EID: 0006925539     PISSN: 10132511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Teh-chang Lin, "The Foreign Aid Policy of the People's Republic of China: A Theoretical Analysis" (Ph.D. diss., Department of Political Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 1993).
2. Tseng Yun, "How China Carries Out the Policy of Self-reliance," in The Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China, ed. Winberg Chai (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1971), 226-31.
3. Generally, foreign capital flow is based on a variety of terms ranging from very hard to very soft. The longer the maturity and grace period and the lower the interest rate, the softer is the loan. See Charles R. Frank, Jr., Debt and Terms of Aid (Washington, D.C.: Overseas Development Council, 1970), 5.
4. John Franklin Copper, China's Foreign Aid: An Instrument of Peking's Foreign Policy (Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath, 1976), 137.
5. Zhongguo duiwai jingji jishu yuanzhu (China's foreign economic and technical aid) (Beijing: Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, 1985), 20.
6. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Development Cooperation: 1991 Report (Paris: OECD, 1991), 161.
7. Zhongguo duiwai jingji maoyi nianjian 1992 (Almanac of China's foreign economic relations and trade) (Beijing), 792.
8. Intertrade (Beijing), 1993, various issues.
9. Leo Tansky, ''Chinese Foreign Aid," in The People's Republic of China: An Economic Assessment, ed. Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972), 376.
10. Shei Hon, ''China's Foreign Aid Reform," Intertrade, no. 141 (September 1993): 52.
11. See note 6 above.
12. Beijing's aid commitment was US$1,111 million in 1970, US$590 million in 1971, and US$690.9 million in 1972. See Lin, "The Foreign Aid Policy of the People's Republic of China," 319-42.
13. See the 1991, 1992, and 1993 editions of Zhongguo duiwai jingji maoyi nianjian. Amount estimated by the author.
14. Lin, "The Foreign Aid Policy of the People's Republic of China," 257.
15. Dangdai Zhongguo de duiwai jingji hezuo (Contemporary China's foreign economic cooperation) (Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 1989), 102.
16. Carol H. Fogarty, "China's Economic Relations with the Third World," in China: A Reassessment of the Economy, ed. Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975), 734.
17. Zhongguo duiwai jingji maoyi nianjian, various years.
18. OECD, The Aid Programme of China (Paris: OECD, 1987), 12.
19. Zhongguo duiwai jingji maoyi nianjian (1994), 810.
20. Hollis B. Chenery, "Objectives and Criteria for Foreign Assistance," in Why Foreign Aid? Two Messages by President Kennedy and Essays, ed. Robert A. Goldwin (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1963), 45.
21. Teh-chang Lin, "A Study of Foreign Aid Motivation," Wenti yu yanjiu (Issues and Studies) (Taipei) 32, no. 12 (December 1993): 63-76.
22. Lloyd D. Black, The Strategy of Foreign Aid (Princeton, N.J.: D. Van Nostrand, 1968), 18.
23. In 1982, Beijing adopted a new independent foreign policy line during the Chinese Communist Party's Twelfth National Congress. It then moved to a more independent posture with regard to the United States, becoming closer to the Third World and less hostile to Moscow. See Robert G. Sutter, "Strategic and Economic Imperative and China's Third World Policy," in China and the Third World: Champion or Challenger? ed. Lillian Craig Harris and Robert L. Worden (Dover, Mass.: Auburn House, 1986), 14-33.
24. These five principles are (1) mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, (2) mutual nonaggression, (3) noninterference in each other's internal affairs, (4) equality and mutual benefit, and (5) peaceful coexistence. See People's Daily, January 19, 1990, 7.
25. South China Morning Post (Hong Kong), September 8, 1994, 1.
26. The Republic of China Yearbook: 1994 (Taipei: Government Information Office, 1994), 172.
27. Beijing's aid to Laos had been terminated since March 7, 1979. See Dangdai Zhongguo de duiwai jingji hezuo, 661.
28. Haiwai jingji hezuo fazhan jijin jianxun (The International Economic Cooperation Development Fund Newsletter) (Taipei), no. 7 (July 1994): 13.
29. Lee Wei-chin, "ROC's Foreign Aid Policy," in Quiet Revolutions on Taiwan, Republic of China, ed. Jason C. Hu (Taipei: Kwang Hwa Publishing Company, 1994), 337.
30. Ibid.
31. People's Republic of China Year Book 1991/1992, vol. 11 (Beijing: PRC Year Book, 1991), 282.
32. Teh-chang Lin, "Foreign Aid: A Theoretical Framework for Analyzing Communist China's Foreign Policy," Issues & Studies 27, no. 5 (May 1991): 87.
33. Lin, "The Foreign Aid Policy of the People's Republic of China," 198-99.
34. John F. Copper, "China's Foreign Aid: An Analysis and Update," in Economic Openness in Modernizing China, vol. 2 of China's Economy Looks Toward the Year 2000, ed. Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986), 516.
35. Chen Yongcai, "New Development of China's Foreign Aid," in Zhongguo duiwai jingji maoyi nianjian 1986, 487.