The muscular samaritan: The national health service corps in the new century

Health Affairs

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 168-175

  Mullan, Fitzhugh ^a,b,c  

^a GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b U S Department of Health Service

^c Bureau of Health Professions   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; FORECASTING; HEALTH CARE MANPOWER; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HUMAN; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; UNITED STATES;

FORECASTING; HEALTH MANPOWER; HUMANS; MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED AREA; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0006896194     PISSN: 02782715     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.18.2.168     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. E. Redman, The Dance of Legislation (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1973).
2. Data supplied by the National Health Service Corps program office.
3. D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The National Health Service Corps Experience for Rural Physicians in the Late 1980s," Journal of the American Medical Association 272, no. 17 (1994): 1341-1348; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "Medical Education and the Retention of Rural Physicians," Health Services Research 29, no. 1 (1994): 39-58; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The Comparative Retention of National Health Service Corps and Other Rural Physicians: Results of a Nine-Year Follow-Up Study." Journal of the American Medical Association 268, no. 12 (1992): 1552-1558; and U.S. General Accounting Office, Foreign Physicians Exchange Visitor Program Becoming Major Route to Practicing in U.S. Underserved Areas, Pub. no. GAO/HEHS-97-26 (Washington: GAO, December 1996).
4. D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The National Health Service Corps Experience for Rural Physicians in the Late 1980s," Journal of the American Medical Association 272, no. 17 (1994): 1341-1348; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "Medical Education and the Retention of Rural Physicians," Health Services Research 29, no. 1 (1994): 39-58; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The Comparative Retention of National Health Service Corps and Other Rural Physicians: Results of a Nine-Year Follow-Up Study." Journal of the American Medical Association 268, no. 12 (1992): 1552-1558; and U.S. General Accounting Office, Foreign Physicians Exchange Visitor Program Becoming Major Route to Practicing in U.S. Underserved Areas, Pub. no. GAO/HEHS-97-26 (Washington: GAO, December 1996).
5. D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The National Health Service Corps Experience for Rural Physicians in the Late 1980s," Journal of the American Medical Association 272, no. 17 (1994): 1341-1348; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "Medical Education and the Retention of Rural Physicians," Health Services Research 29, no. 1 (1994): 39-58; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The Comparative Retention of National Health Service Corps and Other Rural Physicians: Results of a Nine-Year Follow-Up Study." Journal of the American Medical Association 268, no. 12 (1992): 1552-1558; and U.S. General Accounting Office, Foreign Physicians Exchange Visitor Program Becoming Major Route to Practicing in U.S. Underserved Areas, Pub. no. GAO/HEHS-97-26 (Washington: GAO, December 1996).
6. D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The National Health Service Corps Experience for Rural Physicians in the Late 1980s," Journal of the American Medical Association 272, no. 17 (1994): 1341-1348; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "Medical Education and the Retention of Rural Physicians," Health Services Research 29, no. 1 (1994): 39-58; D.E. Pathman, T.R. Konrad, and T.C. Ricketts, "The Comparative Retention of National Health Service Corps and Other Rural Physicians: Results of a Nine-Year Follow-Up Study." Journal of the American Medical Association 268, no. 12 (1992): 1552-1558; and U.S. General Accounting Office, Foreign Physicians Exchange Visitor Program Becoming Major Route to Practicing in U.S. Underserved Areas, Pub. no. GAO/HEHS-97-26 (Washington: GAO, December 1996).
7. R.A. Rosenblatt et al., "Beyond Retention: National Health Service Corps Participation and Subsequent Practice Locations of a Cohort of Rural Family Physicians," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 9, no. 1 (1996): 23-30; T.J. Cullen et al., "The National Health Service Corps: Rural Physician Service and Retention," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 10, no. 4 (1997): 272-279; U.S. House of Representatives, Conference Report on U.R. 4487, National Health Service Corps Revitalization Amendments of 1990 (26 October 1990), H12957-H12960; and U.S. Senate, National Health Service Corps Act - Conference Report (29 October 1990), S17262-S17263.
8. R.A. Rosenblatt et al., "Beyond Retention: National Health Service Corps Participation and Subsequent Practice Locations of a Cohort of Rural Family Physicians," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 9, no. 1 (1996): 23-30; T.J. Cullen et al., "The National Health Service Corps: Rural Physician Service and Retention," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 10, no. 4 (1997): 272-279; U.S. House of Representatives, Conference Report on U.R. 4487, National Health Service Corps Revitalization Amendments of 1990 (26 October 1990), H12957-H12960; and U.S. Senate, National Health Service Corps Act - Conference Report (29 October 1990), S17262-S17263.
9. R.A. Rosenblatt et al., "Beyond Retention: National Health Service Corps Participation and Subsequent Practice Locations of a Cohort of Rural Family Physicians," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 9, no. 1 (1996): 23-30; T.J. Cullen et al., "The National Health Service Corps: Rural Physician Service and Retention," Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 10, no. 4 (1997): 272-279; U.S. House of Representatives, Conference Report on U.R. 4487, National Health Service Corps Revitalization Amendments of 1990 (26 October 1990), H12957-H12960; and U.S. Senate, National Health Service Corps Act - Conference Report (29 October 1990), S17262-S17263.
10. National Health Service Corps, Report to Congress for the Years 1990-1994 (Rockville, Md.: Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, 1996).
11. Data supplied by the NHSC program office.
12. P.F. Cooper and B.S. Schone, "More Offers, Fewer Takers for Employment-Based Health Insurance: 1987 and 1996," Health Affairs (November/December 1997): 142-149.
13. AAMC Data Book: Statistical Information Related to Medical Education (Washington: Association of American Medical Colleges, 1998), Table F8; and M.E. Whitcomb and R.S. Miller, "Participation of International Medical Graduates in Graduate Medical Education and Hospital Care for the Poor," Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 9 (1995): 696-699.
14. AAMC Data Book: Statistical Information Related to Medical Education (Washington: Association of American Medical Colleges, 1998), Table F8; and M.E. Whitcomb and R.S. Miller, "Participation of International Medical Graduates in Graduate Medical Education and Hospital Care for the Poor," Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 9 (1995): 696-699.
15. Council on Graduate Medical Education, COGME 1995 Physician Workforce Funding Recommendations for Department of Health and Human Services' Programs, Seventh Report (Rockville, Md.: DHHS, HRSA, 1995); and F. Mullan, R.M. Politzer, and C.H. Davis, "Medical Migration and the Physician Workforce: International Medical Graduates and American Medicine," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 19 (1995): 1521-1527.
16. Council on Graduate Medical Education, COGME 1995 Physician Workforce Funding Recommendations for Department of Health and Human Services' Programs, Seventh Report (Rockville, Md.: DHHS, HRSA, 1995); and F. Mullan, R.M. Politzer, and C.H. Davis, "Medical Migration and the Physician Workforce: International Medical Graduates and American Medicine," Journal of the American Medical Association 273, no. 19 (1995): 1521-1527.
17. R.S. Miller, H. Jonas, and M.E. Whitcomb, "The Initial Employment Status of Physicians Completing Training in 1994," Journal of the American Medical Association 275, no. 9 (1996): 708-712; and R.S. Miller et al., "Employment-Seeking Experiences of Resident Physicians Completing Training during 1996," Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 9 (1998): 777-783.
18. R.S. Miller, H. Jonas, and M.E. Whitcomb, "The Initial Employment Status of Physicians Completing Training in 1994," Journal of the American Medical Association 275, no. 9 (1996): 708-712; and R.S. Miller et al., "Employment-Seeking Experiences of Resident Physicians Completing Training during 1996," Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 9 (1998): 777-783.
19. Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (P.L. 105-33), Sec. 1421b and Sec. 1423.
20. COGME, International Medical Graduates, the Physician Workforce, and GME Payment Reform, Eleventh Report (Rockville, Md.: DHHS, HRSA, March 1998); and Pew Health Professions Commission, Beyond the Balanced Budget Act of 1997: Strengthening Federal GME Policy, Report of the Pew Commission's Federal Policy Taskforce (San Francisco: Center for the Health Professions; University of California, San Francisco, October 1998), 29.
21. COGME, International Medical Graduates, the Physician Workforce, and GME Payment Reform, Eleventh Report (Rockville, Md.: DHHS, HRSA, March 1998); and Pew Health Professions Commission, Beyond the Balanced Budget Act of 1997: Strengthening Federal GME Policy, Report of the Pew Commission's Federal Policy Taskforce (San Francisco: Center for the Health Professions; University of California, San Francisco, October 1998), 29.
22. AAMC Data Boole, Table B1.
23. "Selected Statistics on Health Professional Shortage Areas as of June 30,1998" (Rockville, Md.: DHHS, HRSA, Division of Shortage Designations, July 1998).
24. U.S. medical schools now produce approximately 17,000 students each year. Some 8,000 IMGs then join this group in residency training, an estimated 80 percent of whom will remain in the United States for their careers.
25. Data supplied by the NHSC program office.
26. AAMC Data Book, Table E4.
27. F. Mullan, "The National Health Service Corps and Inner City Hospitals," New England Journal of Medicine 336, no. 22 (1997): 1601-1604.
28. Ibid.
29. K.R. Levit et al., "National Health Spending Trends in 1996" Health Affairs (January/February 1998): 35-51.