Observations of the eleven-year cosmic-ray modulation cycle

Space Science Reviews

Volumn 19, Issue 6, 1976, Pages 845-920

  Moraal, H ^a  

^a NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0006755777     PISSN: 00386308     EISSN: 15729672     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF00173707     Document Type: Article

References (328)

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3. A Phenomenological Approach to the Solar Modulation of Cosmic Rays
4. Implications of the Observed Solar Modulation of Cosmic-Ray Electrons
5. Reply [to “Cosmic-ray diffusion coefficient in interplanetary space”]
6. Energy dependent time lag in the long-term modulation of cosmic rays
7. V. Analysis of IQSY cosmic-ray survey measurements
8. Role of Hydromagnetic Waves in Cosmic-Ray Confinement in the Disk. Theory of Behavior in General Wave Spectra
9. Anomalies in the Composition of Interplanetary Heavy Ions with 0.01 < E < 40 MeV Per AMU
10. Bursts of relativistic electrons from Jupiter observed in interplanetary space with the time variation of the planetary rotation period
11. Variations in the interplanetary magnetic field: Mariner 2: 1. Observed properties
12. Evidence for two maxima of activity in the 20th solar cycle
13. A measurement of cosmic-ray positron and negatron spectra between 50 and 800 MV
14. The variation with a period of two solar cycles in the cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy for the nucleonic component
15. Modulation of Cosmic-Ray Electrons
16. Directional measurements of the diurnal variation of cosmic ray intensity
17. A computational model for solar flare particle propagation
18. Differential energy spectra and intensity variation of 1-20 MeV/nucleon protons and helium nuclei in interplanetary space (1964-66)
19. Effect of energy changes on solar cosmic rays
20. Solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays, 1
21. Quiet-time electron increases: A measure of conditions in the outer solar system
22. Correlation length for interplanetary magnetic field fluctuations
23. Solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays: 3. Implications of the Compton-Getting Coefficient
24. An Interpretation of the Observed Oxygen and Nitrogen Enhancements in Low-Energy Cosmic Rays
25. World-wide cosmic ray variations, 1937-1952
26. Variation with a period of two solar cycles in the cosmic-ray diurnal anisotropy and the superposed variations correlated with magnetic activity
27. Cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy 1937-1972
28. Diurnal variation in cosmic-ray intensity, 1937-1959, at Cheltenham (Fredericksburg), Huancayo, and Christchurch
29. Neutron monitor mass absorption coefficients at Chicago and climax during solar cycle 19 (1954-1963)
30. Implications of the small radial anisotropy observed in the 7.5- to 45-Mev cosmic rays
31. Convection-dominated transport of solar cosmic rays
32. Cosmic-ray gradient measured by the argon 37/argon 39 ratio in the Lost City meteorite
33. Cosmic-Ray Streaming Perpendicular to the Mean Magnetic Field
34. Solar modulation of galactic cosmic ray electrons, protons, and alphas
35. A New Test for Solar Modulation Theory: the 1972 May-July Low-Energy Galactic Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra
36. Cosmic Rays in the Interplanetary Medium
37. The solar radial gradient of galactic cosmic rays
38. Solar Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays
39. Low-energy cosmic rays near Earth
40. Solar Modulation and the Energy Density of Galactic Cosmic Rays
41. Interstellar Cosmic Ray Spectra from the Nonthermal Radio Background from 0.4 to 400 MHz
42. Solar-wind speed variations 1964-1967: An autocorrelation analysis
43. Rigidity dependence and the correlation with solar activity of the 11-year variation
44. Off-Ecliptic Control of Cosmic Ray Modulation
45. The Theory of Stellar Winds and Related Flows
46. Interaction between interstellar helium and the solar wind
47. Composition and dynamics of the solar wind plasma
48. The Energy Spectrum of 0.16 to 2 MeV Electrons during Solar Quiet Times
49. Evidence of Solar-Cycle Variations in the Solar Wind
50. The change in the long-term modulation function of cosmic rays in 1969
51. Cosmic-Ray Propagation. I. Charged Particles in a Random Magnetic Field
52. Cosmic-Ray Propagation. Ii. Diffusion in the Interplanetary Magnetic Field
53. Addendum and Erratum to Cosmic-Ray Propagation. I
54. Propagation of cosmic rays in the solar wind
55. Fokker-Planck Equations for Charged-Particle Transport in Random Fields.
56. Radial Variation of Magnetic Fluctuations and the Cosmic-Ray Diffusion Tensor in the Solar Wind
57. Energy changes of cosmic rays in the solar system
58. Implications of the small observed anisotropy of 7.5- to 45-Mev cosmic rays
59. on the Convection, Diffusion, and Adiabatic Deceleration of Cosmic Rays in the Solar Wind
60. Nature of the long-term and short-term modulations of cosmic-ray intensity
61. Mechanism of the diurnal anisotropy of cosmic radiation
62. Semidiurnal component of cosmic ray intensity
63. A study of days showing non-field-aligned diffusion vectors of cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy
64. ‘Hysteresis’ Effect in cosmic ray modulation and the cosmic ray gradient near Solar Minimum
65. A WORLD-WIDE STUDY OF THE DAILY VARIATION OF THE NUCLEONIC COMPONENT OF COSMIC RAYS
66. Cosmic ray intensity variations in the lower atmosphere
67. Foundation of the Theory of Cosmic-Ray Transport in Random Magnetic Fields
68. The Parallel Diffusion of Cosmic Rays in a Random Magnetic Field
69. Latitude survey of neutron multiplicity using a shipborne NM-64 neutron monitor
70. The Effect of Wave-Particle Interactions on the Propagation of Cosmic Rays
71. Rise time to maximum flux of relativistic solar electron events and its relation to the high-frequency component of the interplanetary field power spectrum
72. Solar modulation of cosmic ray protons, helium nuclei, and electrons: A comparison of experiment with theory
73. The Quiet-Tiem Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Electrons of Energies Between 10 and 200 MeV Observed on OGO-5
74. The daily-variation second harmonic and a cosmic-ray intensity gradient perpendicular to the ecliptic
75. The 11-year solar modulation of cosmic rays as deduced from neutron monitor variations and direct measurements at low energies
76. Change in the eleven-year modulation at the time of the June 8, 1969, Forbush decrease
77. Solar and geomagnetic modulation of low-energy secondary cosmic ray electrons
78. Solar flare particle propagation: Comparison of a new analytic solution with spacecraft measurements
79. Intensity and energy spectrum of energetic cosmic ray electrons
80. Cosmic ray electron intensity observations
81. Multifarious temporal variations of low-energy relativistic cosmic-ray electrons
82. The Anomalous Abundance of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and Oxygen Nuclei at Low Energies
83. The interplanetary acceleration of energetic nucleons
84. Preliminary PIONEER-10 Intensity Gradients of Galactic Cosmic Rays
85. The force field equation for the propagation of galactic cosmic rays applied to neutron monitor measurements
86. The force field approach to the 11-year cosmic ray modulation cycle as observed by stationary neutron monitors
87. The Spectrum of Galactic Electrons with Energies Between 10 and 900 GEV
88. Mariner 2 observations of the solar wind: 1. Average properties
89. The Semi-Diurnal Variation in Cosmic Ray Intensity
90. Analysis of changes in the modulated cosmic-ray spectrum near Solar Minimum
91. Observations of the radial gradient of galactic cosmic radiation over a solar cycle
92. A time-dependent diffusion-convection model for the long-term modulation of cosmic rays
93. The Heliocentric Intensity Gradients of Cosmic-Ray Protons and Helium during Minimum Solar Modulation
94. The Effects of Nonlinear Terms in Cosmic-Ray Diffusion Theory
95. Dynamics of the Interplanetary Gas and Magnetic Fields.
96. The role of stochastic fields in admitting low-energy galactic cosmic rays to the solar system
97. Correlation of galactic cosmic-ray intensity with λ5303 coronal intensity
98. The Sun and cosmic rays
99. The solar proton diffusion mean free path and the anisotropic particle event of November 18, 1968
100. Cosmic-ray propagation processes: 3. The diurnal anisotropy in the vicinity of 10 Mev/nucleon
101. Transport of cosmic rays in the interplanetary medium
102. Balloon measurements of cosmic ray protons and helium over half a solar cycle 1965-1969
103. Modulation of cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei near solar maximum
104. Modulation of low-energy cosmic rays
105. Interplanetary magnetic field fluctuations and the diurnal variation of cosmic ray intensity
106. Large-scale properties of the interplanetary magnetic field
107. Cosmic-ray electron spectrum and its modulation near solar maximum
108. The Eleven-Year and Residual Solar Modulation of Cosmic Rays (1952-1969)
109. The Interplanetary Quiet-Time Spectra of Protons and Helium Below 2 MeV Per Nucleon Between 1 and 3.8 Astronomical Units
110. Power spectra and discontinuities of the interplanetary magnetic field: Mariner 4
111. Identification of interplanetary tangential and rotational discontinuities
112. A Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Rigidity Spectra above 5 GV/c of Elements from Hydrogen to Iron
113. Steplike Changes in the Long-Term Modulation of Cosmic Rays
114. Rigidity dependence of cosmic-ray modulation at rigidities >2 Gv in August 1969
115. Semidiurnal Anisotropy of Galactic Cosmic Ray Intensity
116. Amplitude of diurnal anisotropy of cosmic ray intensity
117. Consequences of the Distribution of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Density in the Solar System
118. ‘sidereal’ cosmic-ray diurnal variations
119. Solar modulation origin of ‘sidereal’ cosmic ray anisotropies
120. Satellite Measurements of the Charge Composition of Solar Cosmic Rays in the 6
121. PIONEER-10 Measurements of the Differential and Integral Cosmic-Ray Gradient Between 1 and 3 Astronomical Units
122. Interplanetary Mev electrons of Jovian origin
123. Energetic particles in the Jovian magnetosphere
124. Modulation of low-energy galactic cosmic rays over solar maximum (Cycle 20)
125. Cosmic ray propagation in interplanetary space
126. Dynamics of the Eleven-Year Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays
127. On the derivation of cosmic ray specific yield functions
128. On the Relationship Between Recent Measurements of Cosmic Ray Electrons, Nonthermal Radio Emission from the Galaxy, and the Solar Modulation of Cosmic Rays
129. A determination of the energy spectrum of extraterrestrial electrons in the energy range 70-2000 Mev
130. Cosmic ray electrons from 0.2 to 8 Mev: Pioneer 8 and 9 measurements of their spectrum, time variations, and interplanetary radial gradient
131. Interplanetary radial gradients of galactic cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei: Pioneer 8 and 9 measurements from 0.75 to 1.10 AU
132. Quasi-stationary corotating structure in the interplanetary medium
133. Interplanetary sector structure in the rising portion of the sunspot cycle
134. Interplanetary sector structure near the maximum of the sunspot cycle
135. Interplanetary sector structure at solar maximum