Production and regulation of polygalacturonase isozymes in Canadian isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans differing in virulence

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 358-365

  Annis, Seanna L ^a   Goodwin, Paul H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0006324668     PISSN: 07060661     EISSN: 17152992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07060669709501060     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Abadie, M., and Boudart, G., 1982. Études cytologique et ultrastructurale de la necrose des crucifères due à Leptosphaeria maculans, forme conidienne Phoma lingam. I. Étude chez un höte sensible. Ann. Sci. Natur., Botan., 4:53–72.
2. Annis, S. L., and Goodwin, P. H., 1996. Comparison of cell walldegrading enzymes produced by highly and weakly virulent isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans in culture. Microbiol. Res., 151:401–406.
3. Annis, S. L., and Goodwin, P. H., 1997. Inhibition of polygalacturonase activity produced by Leptosphaeria maculans with stem extracts of canola, and the relationship of inhibition to resistance. J. Phytopathol., 145:219–223.
4. Arinze, A. E., 1985. The absorption of a polygalacturonase isoenzyme of Botryodiplodia theobromate on plant tissues and the implications on the pathogenicity of the fungus. Phytopathology, 114:13–20.
5. Baron‐Epel, O., Gharyal, P. K., and Schindler, M., 1988. Pectins as mediators of wall porosity in soybean cells. Planta, 173:389–395.
6. Carpita, N. C., and Gibeaut, D. M., 1993. Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plantsxonsistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth. Plant J., 3:1–30.
7. Cervone, F., De Lorenzo, G., Salvi, G., and Camardella, L., 1986. “ Molecular evolution of fungal polygalacturonase ”. In Biology and Molecular Biology of Plant‐Pathogen Interactions, Edited by:Bailey, J., 385–392. Berlin, Germany:Springer Verlag.
8. Cooper, R. M., 1983. “ The mechanisms and significance of enzymic degradation of host cell walls by parasites ”. In Biochemical Plant Pathology, Edited by:Callow, J. A., 101–137. Chichester, USA:Wiley.
9. Cooper, R. M., and Wood, R. K. S., 1975. Regulation of synthesis of cell wall degrading enzymes by Verticillium albo‐atrum and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Physiol. Plant Pathol., 5:135–156.
10. Cruickshank, R. H., 1983. Distinction between Sclerotinia species by their pectic zymograms. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 80:117–119.
11. Durrands, P. K., Keene, R. A., Cooper, R. M., O'Garro, L. W., and Clarkson, J. M., 1988. Polygalacturonase isozymes profiles of Verticilium dahliae isolates races 1 and 2 from different geographical origins. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 91:533–536.
12. Easton, C. J., and Rossall, S., 1985. The production of certain cell wall‐degrading enzymes by Leptosphaeria maculans in culture and in stem canker lesions of oilseed rape. Physiol. Plant Pathol., 26:185–197.
13. Errampalli, D., and Kohn, L. M., 1995. Comparison of pectic zymograms produced by different clones of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in culture. Phytopathology, 85:292–298.
14. Favaron, F., Peretto, R., Bonfante, P., and Alghishi, P., 1993. Differential absorption and localization of two Sclerotinia sclerotiorum endo‐polygalacturonases in soybean hypocotyls. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol., 43:353–364.
15. Goodwin, P. H., and Annis, S. L., 1991. Rapid identification of genetic variation and pathotype of Leptosphaeria maculans by random amplified polymorphic DNA assay. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 57:2482–2486.
16. Gugel, R. K., and Petrie, G. A., 1992. History, occurence, impact, and control of blackleg of oilseed rape. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 14:36–45.
17. Hammond, K. E., and Lewis, B. G., 1986. Ultrastructural studies of the limitation of lesions caused by Leptosphaeria maculans in stems of Brassica napus var. oleifera. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol., 28:251–265.
18. Hanacziwskyj, P., and Drysdale, R. B., 1984. Cultural and biochemical characterisation of isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans varying in pathogenicity. Aspects Appl. Biol., 6:387–397.
19. Johnston, D. J., and Williamson, B., 1992. An immunological study of the induction of polygalacturonases in Botrytis cinerea. Microbiol. Lett., 97:19–24.
20. Keon, J. P. R., Byrde, R. J. W., and Cooper, R. M., 1987. Some aspects of fungal enzymes that degrade plant cell walls. Pages 133–157 in G.F. Pegg and P.G. Ayres, eds., Fungal Infection of Plants, Cambridge, U.K.:University Press.
21. Laemmli, U. K., 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227:680–685.
22. Leone, G., and Van den Heuvel, J., 1987. Regulation by carbohydrates of the sequential in vitro production of pectic enzymes by Botrytis cinerea. Can. J. Bot., 65:2133–2141.
23. MacNish, G. C., Carling, D. E., and Brainard, K. A., 1993. Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani AG from bare patches by pectic isozyme (zymogram) and anastamosis techniques. Phytopathology, 83:922–927.
24. Malloch, D., 1981. Moulds:their isolation, cultivation, and indentification, Toronto, Canada:University of Toronto Press.
25. Mankarios, A. T., and Friend, J., 1980. Polysaccharidedegrading enzymes of Botrytis allii and Sclerotium cepivorum. Enzyme production in culture and the effect of the enzymes on isolated onion cell walls. Physiol. Plant Pathol., 17:93–104.
26. Pfanz, H., and Dietz, K.‐J., 1987. A fluorescence method for the determination of the apoplastic proton concentration in intact leaf tissues. J. Plant Physiol., 129:41–48.
27. Ried, J. L., and Coilmer, A., 1985. Activity stain for rapid characterization of pectic enzymes in isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gels. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 50:615–622.
28. Riou, C., Freyssinet, G., and Fevre, M., 1992. Purification and characterization of extracellular pectinolytic enzymes produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 58:578–583.
29. Scala, F., Cristinzio, G., Marziano, F., and Noviello, C., 1981. Endopolygalacturonase zymograms of Fusarium species. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 77:587–591.
30. Sippell, D. W., Wong, R. S. C., and Hall, R., 1995. Glucose phosphate isomerase polymorphisms distinguish weakly virulent from highly virulent strains of Leptosphaeria maculans. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 17:1–6.
31. Sylvester‐Bradley, R., and Makepeace, R. J., 1984. A code for stages of development in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Aspects Appl. Biol., 6:399–419.
32. Taylor, J. L., Borgmann, I., and Sequin‐Swartz, G., 1991. Electrophoretic karyotyping of Leptosphaeria maculans differentiate highly virulent from weakly virulent isolates. Curr. Genet., 19:273–277.
33. Williams, P. H., 1992. Biology of Leptosphaeria maculans. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 14:30–35.