Cohesion over Time in a Peacekeeping Medical Task Force

Military Psychology

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 85-107

  Bartone, Paul T ^a   Adler, Amy B ^b  

^a UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY   (United States)

^b US Army Medical Research Unit Europe   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0006156062     PISSN: 08995605     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/s15327876mp1101_5     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Adler, A. B., Bartone, P. T., & Vaitkus, M. A. (1995, April). Family stress and adaptation during a U.S. Army Europe peacekeeping deployment (Tech. Rep. No. 95-1). Heidelberg, Germany: U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Europe. (DTIC No. AD-A294 755)
2. Bartone, P. T. (1989a). Predictors of stress related illness in city bus drivers. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 31, 657-663.
3. Bartone, P. T. (1989b). Stability and change in dimensions of soldier morale. Washington, DC: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. (DTIC No. AD-A206 855)
4. Bartone, P. T. (1996, August). Stress and hardiness in U.S. peacekeeping soldiers. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.
5. Bartone, P. T., Adler, A. B., & Vaitkus, M. A. (1998). Dimensions of psychological stress in peacekeeping operations. Military Medicine, 163, 587-593.
6. Bartone, P. T., & Kirkland, F. R. (1991). Optimal leadership in small Army units. In R. Gal & A. D. Mangelsdorff (Eds.), Handbook of military psychology (pp. 393-409). New York: Wiley.
7. Bartone, P. T., Marlowe, D. H., Gifford, R. K., & Wright, K. M. (1992, October). Personality hardiness predicts soldier adjustment to combat stress. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Military Testing Association (pp. 257-262). San Diego, CA: Navy Personnel Research and Development Center.
8. Bartone, P. T., Ursano, R. J., Wright, K. M., & Ingraham, L. H. (1989). The impact of a military air disaster on the health of assistance workers: A prospective study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177, 317-328.
9. Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Chicago: Aldine.
10. Gal, R. (1983). Courage under stress. In S. Breznitz (Ed.), Stress in Israel (pp. 65-91). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
11. Grace, H. (1954). Conformance and performance. Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 233-237.
12. Griffith, J. E. (1985). The measurement of "soldier will." In D. H. Marlowe (Ed.), New Manning System field evaluation (Tech. Rep. No. 1). Washington, DC: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Department of Military Psychiatry.
13. Griffith, J. E. (1988). Measurement of group cohesion in U.S. Army units. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 9, 149-171.
14. Harris, J. J., & Segal, D. R. (1985). Observations from the Sinai: The boredom factor. Armed Forces and Society, 11, 235-248.
15. Henderson, W. D. (1990). The hollow army, Westport, CT: Greenwood.
16. Ingraham, L. H., & Manning, F. J. (1981). Cohesion: Who needs it, what is it and how do we get it to them? Military Review, 61(6), 3-12.
17. Kirkland, F. R. (1987). Leading in COHORT companies (WRAIR Rep. No. NP-88-13). Washington, DC: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.
18. Kirkland, F. R., Bartone, P. T., & Marlowe, D. H. (1993). Commanders' priorities and psychological readiness. Armed Forces and Society, 19, 579-598.
19. Kobasa, S. C. (1979). Stressful life events, personality and health: An inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1-11.
20. Kobasa, S. C., Maddi, S. R., & Kahn, S. (1982). Hardiness and health: A prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 168-177.
21. Maddi, S. R. (1967). The existential neurosis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 72, 311-325.
22. Maddi, S. R., & Kobasa, S. C. (1984). The hardy executive. Homewood, IL: Jones-Irwin.
23. Manning, F. J. (1991). Morale, cohesion, and esprit de corps. In R. Gal & A. D. Mangelsdorff (Eds.), Handbook of military psychology (pp. 453-470). New York: Wiley.
24. Manning, F. J., & Ingraham, L. H. (1987). An investigation into the value of unit cohesion in peacetime. In G. L. Belenky (Ed.), Contemporary studies in combat psychiatry (pp. 47-68). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
25. Marlowe, D. H. (Ed.). (1985). New Manning System Field Evaluation (Tech. Rep. No. 1). Washington, DC: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. (DTIC No. AD-A162 087).
26. Mullen, B., & Cooper, C. (1994). The relation between group cohesiveness and performance: An integration. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 210-227.
27. Noy, S. (1987). Stress and personality as factors in the causation and prognosis of combat reaction. In G. L. Belenky (Ed.), Contemporary studies in combat psychiatry (pp. 69-86). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
28. Oliver, L. W., Harman, J., Hoover, E., Hayes, S. M., & Pandhi, N. A. (1999/this issue). A quantitative integration of the military cohesion literature. Military Psychology, 11, 57-83.
29. Phelps, R. H. (1996). Introduction and research approach. In R. H. Phelps & B. J. Farr (Eds.), Reserve component soldiers as peacekeepers (pp. 3-27). Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
30. Segal, M. W. (1986). The military and the family as greedy institutions. Armed Forces and Society, 13, 9-38.
31. Shils, F. A., & Janowitz, M. (1948). Cohesion and disintegration in the Wehrmacht in World War II. Public Opinion Quarterly, 12, 280-315.
32. Siebold, G. L. (1987a, April). Bonding in Army combat units. Paper presented at the annual meeting of Southern Sociological Society, Atlanta, GA.
33. Siebold, G. L. (1987b, August). Conceptualization and definitions of military unit cohesiveness. Paper presented at the 95th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, New York.
34. Siebold, G. L. (1989, April). Longitudinal patterns in combat platoon cohesion. Paper presented at the Leadership Conference, Center for Army Leadership, Kansas City, MO.
35. Siebold, G. L. (1996). Small unit dynamics: Leadership, cohesion, motivation and morale. In R. H. Phelps & B. J. Farr (Eds.), Reserve component soldiers as peacekeepers (pp. 237-286). Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
36. Siebold, G. L. (1999/this issue). The evolution of the measurement of cohesion. Military Psychology, 11, 5-26.
37. Siebold, G. L., & Kelly, D. R. (1987a). Cohesion as an indicator of command climate. In Proceedings of the Third Annual Leadership Research Conference (Vol. 1, pp. 9-46). Fort Leavenworth, KS: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Center for Army Leadership.
38. Siebold, G. L., & Kelly, D. R. (1987b, October). The impact of unit cohesion on unit performance, morale, and ability to withstand stress: A field exercise example (Working Paper No. LM 87-13). Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
39. Siebold, G. L., & Kelly, D. R. (1988). Development of the Platoon Cohesion Index (Tech. Rep. No. 816). Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for Behavioral and Social Sciences.
40. SPSS. (1993). SPSS for Windows Base System User's Guide (Release 6.0). Chicago, IL: Author.
41. Stouffer, S. A., Lumsdaine, A. A., Lumsdaine, M. H., Williams, R. M., Smith, M. B., Janis, I. L., Star, S. A., & Cottrell, L. S. (1949). The American soldier: Vol. 2. Combat and its aftermath. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
42. Vaitkus, M. A. (1994). Unit Manning System: Human dimensionsfield evaluation of the COHORT company replacement model (WRAIR Rep. No. TR-94-0017). Heidelberg, Germany: U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Europe (DTIC No. AD-A285 942)
43. Widmeyer, W. N., & Martens, R. (1978). When cohesion determines outcome in sport. The Research Quarterly, 49, 372-80.