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9 space-time steps, or about 20 h of CPU time on a 486-33 MHz PC. See Ref. 11.
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note
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Values of (δt, β, m) were (3 ns, 1, 0) for the first four cycles, (3 ns, 3, 0.1) for the fifth cycle, and (3 ns, 7, 0.125) for the ninth cycle. Error converged to less than 0.5% after 12 cycles when total computation time was about 30 s on a 486-33 MHz PC.
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25
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3643059096
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note
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Crater formation may be visualized as, first, complete melt through of the aluminum film, and, second, curling back of the molten metal from the hot center to form a toroidal rim, thus exposing a central hole. That is, the mass removed from the center was piled up along the bulged rim. Naturally, for thicker films, the mass removed from the deeper central crater would form a bigger toroidal rim, hence requiring a larger melt area to start with. Simple geometrical arguments showed that for a good range of contact angles, the melt area has to be about ten times larger for 50-nm-thick films than for 15-nm-thick films.
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27
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Electrico-Optical Systems Design, November
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