The Role of the Clostridium botulinum C2 Toxin as a Research Tool to Study Eucaryotic Cell Biology

Bacterial Toxins: Tools in Cell Biology and Pharmacology

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 117-128

  Simpson, L L ^a  

^a THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Botulinum; Clostridial toxins; Enzymatic component; Gastrointestinal; Polymerization

Indexed keywords

EID: 0005417392     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9783527614615.ch10     Document Type: Chapter

References (43)

1. Al-Mohanna FA, Ohishi I, Hallett MB (1987): Botulinum C2 toxin potentiates activation of the neutrophil oxidase. Further evidence of a role for actin polymerization. In FEBS Letters. 219: 40-4
2. Aktories K, Bärmann M, Ohishi I, et al. (1986): Botulinum C2 toxin ADP-ribosylates actin. In Nature. 322: 390-2
3. Aktories K, Wegner A (1989): ADP-ribosylation of actin by clostridial toxins. In J Cell Biol. 109: 1385-87
4. Aktories K, Wegner A (1992): Mechanism of the cytopathic action of actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins. In Mol Microbiol. 6: 2905-8
5. Bershadsky AD, Gluck U, Denisenko ON, et al. (1995): The state of actin assembly regulates actin and vinculin expression by a feedback loop. In J Cell Sci. 108: 1183-93
6. Böttinger H, Reuner KH, Aktories K (1987): Inhibition of histamine release from rat mast cells by botulinum C2 toxin. In Internatl Archiv Allergy Appl Immun. 84: 380-4
7. Clancy R, Leszczynska J, Amin A, et al. (1995): Nitric oxide stimulates ADP ribosylation of actin in association with the inhibition of actin polymerization in human neutrophils. In Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 58: 196-202
8. Considine RV, Simpson LL (1991): Cellular and molecular actions of binary toxins possessing ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. In Toxicon. 29: 913-36
9. Considine RV, Simpson LL, Sherwin JR (1992): Botulinum C2 toxin and steroid production in adrenal Y-1 cells: The role of microfilaments in the toxin-induced increase in steroid release. In J Pharmacol Exp Ther 260: 859-64
10. Fritz G, Schroeder P, Aktories K (1995): Isolation and characterization of a Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin-resistant cell line: Evidence for possible involvement of the cellular C211 receptor in growth regulation. In Infect Immun. 63: 2334-40
11. Grimminger F, Sibelius U, Aktories K, et al. (1991a): Inhibition of cytoskeletal rearrangement of botulinum C2 toxin amplifies ligand-evoked lipid mediator generation in human neutrophils. In Mol Pharmacol. 40: 563-71
12. Grimminger F, Sibelius U, Aktories K, et al. (1991b): Suppression of cytoskeletal rearranggement in activated human neutrophils by botulinum C2 toxin. In J Biol Chem. 266: 19276-82
13. Hatheway CL (1990): Bacterial Sources of Clostridial Neurotoxins. In Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin. (Simpson, LL, ed) pp 3-24, San Diego: Academic Press
14. Honore E, Attali B, Romey G, et al. (1992): Different types of K+ channel current are generated by different levels of a single mRNA. In EMBO Journal. 11: 2465-71
15. Iwasaki M, Ohishi I, Sakaguchi G (1980): Evidence that botulinum C2 toxin has two dissimilar components. In Infect Immun. 29: 390-4
16. Li G, Rungger-Brändle E, Just I, et al. (1994): Effect of disruption of actin filaments by Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin on insulin secretion in HIT-T15 cells and pancreatic islets. In Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5: 1199-213
17. Matter K, Dreyer F, Aktories K (1989): Actin involvement in exocytosis from PC12 cells: studies on the influence of botulinum C2 toxin on stimulated noradrenaline release. In J Neurochem. 52: 370-6
18. Mauss S, Koch G, Kreye VA, et al. (1989): Inhibition of the contraction of the isolated longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum by botulinum C2 toxin: evidence for a role of G/F-actin transition in smooth muscle contraction. In Naun-Schmiedebergs Archiv Pharmacol. 340: 345-51
19. Melamed I, Downey GP, Aktories K, et al. (1991): Microfilament assembly is required for antigen-receptor-mediated activation of human B lymphocytes. In J Immunol. 147: 1139-46
20. Melamed I, Franklin RA, Gelfand EW (1995a): Microfilament assembly is required for anti-IgM dependent MAPK and p90rsk activation in human B lymphocytes. In Biochem and Biophys Res Comm. 209: 1102-10
21. Melamed I, Stein L, Roifman CM (1994): Epstein-Barr virus induces actin polymerization in human B cells. In J Immunol. 153: 1998-2003
22. Melamed I, Turner CE, Aktories K, et al. (1995b): Nerve growth factor triggers microfilament assembly and paxillin phosphorylation in human B lymphocytes. In J Exp Med. 181: 1071-9
23. Miyake M, Ohishi I (1987): Response of tissue-cultured cynomolgus monkey kidney cells to botulinum C2 toxin. In Microbial Pathogenesis. 3: 279-86
24. Montecucco C, Schiavo G (1994): Mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins. In Molecular Microbiology. 13: 1-8
25. Müller H, von Eichel-Streiber C, Habermann E (1992): Morphological changes of cultured endothelial cells after microinjection of toxins that act on the cytoskeleton. In Infect Immun. 60: 3007-10
26. Ohishi I (1983a): Lethal and vascular permeability activities of botulinum C2 toxin induced by separate injections of the two toxin components. In Infect Immun. 40: 336-9
27. Ohishi I (1983b): Response of mouse intestinal loop to botulinum C2 toxin: enterotoxic activity induced by cooperation of nonlinked protein components. In Infect Immun. 40: 691-5
28. Ohishi I (1987): Activation of botulinum C2 toxin by trypsin. In Infect Immun. 55: 1461-5
29. Ohishi I, Hama Y (1992): Purification and characterization of heterologous component Alls of botulinum C2 toxin. In Microbiol Immunol. 36: 221-9
30. Ohishi I, Iwasaki M, Sakaguchi G. (1980): Purification and characterization of two components of botulinum C2 toxin. In Infect Immun. 30: 668-73
31. Ohishi I, Miyake M (1985): Binding of the two components of C2 toxin to epithelial cells and brush borders of mouse intestine. In Infect Immun. 48: 769-75
32. Ohishi I, Tsuyama S (1986): ADP-ribosylation of nonmuscle actin with component I of C2 toxin. In Biochem Biophys Res Comm. 136: 802-6
33. Ohishi I, Yanagimoto A (1992): Visualizations of binding and internalization of two nonlinked protein components of botulinum C2 toxin in tissue culture cells. In Infect Immun. 60: 4648-55
34. Reuner KH, Presek P, Boschek CB, et al. (1987): Botulinum C2 toxin ADP-ribosylates actin and disorganizes the microfilament network in intact cells. In European Journal of Cell Biology. 43: 134-40
35. Reuner KH, Schlegel K, Just I, et al. (1991): Autoregulatory control of actin synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. In FEBS Letters. 286: 100-4
36. Schmid A, Benz R, Just I, et al. (1994): Interaction of Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin with lipid bilayer membranes. Formation of cation-selective channels and inhibition of channel function by chloroquine. In J Biol Chem. 269: 16706-11
37. Simpson LL (1982): A comparison of the pharmacological properties of Clostridium botulinum type C1 and C2 toxins. In J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 223: 695-701
38. Simpson LL (1989a): Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin. pp 1-422, San Diego: Academic Press
39. Simpson LL (1989b): The binary toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum enters cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis to exert its pharmacologic effects. In J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 251: 1223-8
40. Tabas I, Xiaohui Z, Beatini N, et al. (1994): The actin cytoskeleton is important for the stimulation of cholesterol esterification by atherogenic lipoproteins in macrophages. In J Biol Chem. 269: 22547-56
41. Vandekerckhove J, Schering B, Barmann M, et al. (1988): Botulinum C2 toxin ADP-ribosylates cytoplasmic G/F-actin in arginine 177. In J Biol Chem. 263: 696-700
42. Verschueren H, van der Taelen I, Dewit J, et al. (1995): Effects of Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin and cytochalasin D on in vitro invasiveness, motility and F-actin content of a murine T-lymphoma cell line. In Eur J Cell Biol. 66: 335-41
43. Zepeda H, Considine RV, Smith HL, et al. (1988): Actions of the Clostridium botulinum binary toxin on the structure and function of Y-1 adrenal cells. In J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 246: 1183-9