How Do Plant Roots Acquire Mineral Nutrients? Chemical Processes Involved in the rhizosphere

Advances in Agronomy

Volumn 64, Issue C, 1998, Pages 225-265

  Hinsinger, P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0005343547     PISSN: 00652113     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60506-4     Document Type: Chapter

References (197)

1. Adams M.A., and Pate J.S. Availability of organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus to lupins (Lupinus spp.). Plant Soil 145 (1992) 07-113
2. Ae N., Arihara J., Okada K., Yoshihara T., and Johansen C. Phosphorus uptake by pigeon pea and its role in cropping systems of the Indian subcontinent. Science 248 (1990) 477-480
3. Aguilar S.A., and van Diest A. Rock phosphate mobilization induced by the alkaline pattern of legumes utilizing symbiotically fixed nitrogen. Plant Soil 61 (1981) 27-42
4. Ahmad A.R., and Nye P.H. Coupled diffusion and oxidation of ferrous iron in soils. I. Kinetics of oxygenation of ferrous iron in soil suspension. J. Soil Sci. 41 (1990) 95-409
5. Amann C., and Amberger A. Phosphorus efficiency of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 152 (1989) 181-189
6. Ando T., Yoshida S., and Nishiyama I. Nature of oxidizing power of rice roots. Plant Soil 72 (1983) 7-71
7. Armstrong W. The use of polarography in the assay of oxygen diffusing from roots in anaerobic media. Physiol. Plant. 20 (1967) 540-553
8. Arvieu J.C. Reactions des phosphates minéaux en milieu calcaire; conséquence sur l'état et la solubilité du phosphore. Sci. Sol 3 (1980) 179-190
9. Asher C.J., and Loneragan J.F. Response of plants to phosphate concentration in solution culture: I. Growth and phosphorus content. Soil Sci 103 (1967) 225-233
10. Bacha R.E., and Hossner L.R. Characteristics of coating formed on rice roots as affected by iron and manganese additions. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 41 (1977) 31-935
11. Baethgen W.E., and Alley M.M. Nonexchangeable ammonium nitrogen contribution to plant available nitrogen. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 51 (1987) 10-115
12. Barber S.A. "Soil Nutrient Bioavailability: A Mechanistic Approach,". 2nd ed. (1995), John Wiley, New York
13. Barrow N.J. On the reversibility of phosphate sorption by soils. J. Soil Sci. 34 (1983) 751-758
14. Barrow N.J. Modelling the effect of pH on phosphate sorption by soils. J. Soil Sci. 35 (1984) 83-297
15. Begg C.B.M., Kirk G.J.D., MacKenzie A.E., and Neue H.-U. Root-induced iron oxidation and pH changes in the lowland rice rhizosphere. New Phytol. 128 (1994) 469-477
16. Bekele T., Cino B.J., Ehlert P.A.I., van der Maas A.A., and van Diest A. An evaluation of plant-borne factors promoting the solubilization of alkaline rock phosphates. Plant Soil 75 (1983) 61-78
17. Bertsch P.M., and Thomas G.W. Potassium status of temperate region soils. In: Munson R.D. (Ed). "Potassium in Agriculture" (1985), American Soc. of Agron., Crop Sci. Soc. Am. and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI 131-162
18. Bhat K.K.S., and Nye P.H. Diffusion of phosphate to plant roots in soil. I. Quantitative autoradiography of the depletion zone. Plant Soil 38 (1973) 161-175
19. Bhat K.K.S., Nye P.H., and Baldwin J.P. Diffusion of phosphate to plant roots in soil. IV. The concentration distance profile in the rhizosphere of roots with root hairs in a low-P soil. Plant Soil 44 (1976) 63-72
20. Bienfait H.E., Bino R.J., van der Bliek A.M., Duivenvoorden J.F., and Fontaine J.M. Characterization of ferric reducing activity in roots of Fe-deficient Phaseolus vulgaris. Physiol. Plant. 59 (1983) 196-202
21. Bolan N.S. A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant Soil 134 (1991) 89-207
22. Bolan N.S., Naidu R., Mahimairaja S., and Baskaran S. Influence of low-molecular-weight organic acids on the solubilization of phosphates. Biol. Fert. Soils 18 (1994) 11-319
23. Bosc M. Enseignements fournis par des essais de longue dur6e sur la fumure phosphatee et potassique. 3. Essai sur la fumure potassique. In: Gachon L. (Ed). "Phosphore et potassium dans les relations sol-plante: consequences sur la fertilisation" (1988), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris 403-466
24. Bowen G.D. Coping with low nutrients. In: Pate J.S., and McComb A.J. (Eds). "The Biology of Australian Plants" (1980), Univ. of Western Australia Press, Nedlands 33-64
25. Breeze V.G., Wild A., Hopper M.J., and Jones L.H.P. The uptake of phosphate by plants from flowing nutrient solution. II. Growth of Lolium perenne L. at constant phosphate concentrations. J. Exp. Bot. 35 (1984) 210-1221
26. Brewster J.L., Bhat K.K.S., and Nye P.H. The possibility of predicting solute uptake and plant growth response from independently measured soil and plant characteristics. V. The growth and phosphorus uptake of rape in soil at a range of phosphorus concentrations and a comparison of results with the predictions of a simulation model. Plant Soil 44 (1976) 95-328
27. Brown J.C., and Ambler J.E. "Reductants" released by roots of Fe-deficient soybeans. Agron. J. 65 (1973) 311-314
28. Brundrett M.C., and Abbott L.K. Roots of jarrah forest plants. I. Mycorrhizal associations of shrubs and herbaceous plants. Aust. J. Bot. 39 (1991) 445-457
29. Bruand A., Cousin I., Nicoullaud B., Duval O., and Begon J.C. Backscattered electron scanning images of soil porosity for analysing soil compaction around roots. Soil Sci. Sot: Am. J. 60 (1996) 95-901
30. Chaney R.L., Brown J.C., and Tiffin L.O. Obligatory reduction of ferric chelates in iron uptake by soybeans. Plant Physiol. 50 (1972) 08-213
31. Chen C.C., Dixon J.B., and Turner F.T. Iron coatings on rice roots: Mineralogy and quantity influencing factors. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 44 (1980) 635-639
32. Claassen N., and Jungk A. Kaliumdynamik im wurzelnahen Boden in Beziehung zur Kaliu-maufnahme von Maispflanzen. Z. Pftanzenern. Bodenk. 145 (1982) 13-525
33. Clarkson D.T. Factors affecting mineral nutrient acquisition by plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 36 (1985) 77-115
34. Curl E.A., and Truelove B. "The Rhizosphere" (1986), Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg
35. Darrah P.R. Models of the rhizosphere. I. Microbial population dynamics around a root releasing soluble and insoluble carbon. Plant Soil 133 (1991) 87-199
36. Darrah P.R. The rhizosphere and plant nutrition: A quantitative approach. Plant Soil 155/156 (1993) 1-20
37. Dexter A.R. Compression of soil around roots. Plant Soil 97 (1987) 401-406
38. Dinkelaker B., and Marschner H. In vivo demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of soil-grown plants. Plant Soil 144 (1992) 99-205
39. Dinkelaker B., Römheld V., and Marschner H. Citric acid excretion and precipitation of calcium citrate in the rhizosphere of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). Plant Cell Envir. 12 (1989) 85-292
40. Dinkelaker B., Hahn G., and Marschner H. Non-destructive methods for demonstrating chemical changes in the rhizosphere. II. Application of methods. Plant Soil 155/156 (1993) 3-76
41. Dinkelaker B., Hengeler C., and Marschner D.H. Distribution and function of proteoid roots and other root clusters. Bot. Acta 108 (1995) 83-200
42. Drew M.C. Effect of flooding and oxygen deficiency on plant mineral nutrition. Adv. Plant Nulr. 3 (1988) 15-159
43. Drew M.C., and Nye P.H. The supply of nutrient ions by diffusion to plant roots in soil. II. The effect of root hairs on the uptake of potassium by roots of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Plant Soil 31 (1969) 407-424
44. Epstein E., and Hagen C.E. A kinetic study of the absorption of alkali cations by barley roots. Plant Physiol. 27 (1952) 457-474
45. Fanning D.S., Keramidas V.Z., and El-Desoky M.A. Micas. In: Dixon J.B., and Weed S.B. (Eds). "Minerals in Soil Environment,". 2nd ed. (1989), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI 551-634
46. Farr E., Vaidyanathan L.V., and Nye P.H. Measurement of ionic concentration gradients in soil near roots. Soil Sci. 107 (1969) 85-91
47. Fernandes O.N. Barros P. Hinsinger (1994). Basalt weathering as induced by the roots of higher plants. In "Proc. 15th ISSS Cong." Acapulco
48. Findenegg G.R., and Nelemans J.A. The effect of phytase on the availability of P from myoinositol hexaphosphate (phytate) for maize roots. Plant Soil 154 (1993) 89-196
49. Fisher H.M., and Stone E.L. Iron oxidation at the surfaces of slash pine roots from saturated soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55 (1991) 123-1129
50. Flessa H., and Fischer W.R. Plant-induced changes in the redox potentials of rice rhizo-spheres. Plant Soil 143 (1992) 5-60
51. Föhse D., Claassen N., and Jungk A. Phosphorus efficiency of plants. I. External and internal requirement and P uptake efficiency of different plant species. Plant Soil 110 (1988) 01-109
52. Fox R.L. External phosphorus requirements of crops. "Chemistry in the Soil Environment," (1981), Am. Soc. Agron., Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI pp. 223-239
53. Freeman J.S., and Rowell D.L. The adsorption and precipitation of phosphate onto calcite. J. Soil Sci. 32 (1981) 75-84
54. Fried M., and Shapiro R.E. Soil plant relationships in ion uptake. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 12 (1961) 91-112
55. Gahoonia T.S. Influence of root-induced pH on the solubility of soil aluminium in the rhi-zosphere. Plant Soil 149 (1993) 289-291
56. Gahoonia T.S., and Nielsen N.E. Control of pH at the soil-root interface. Plant Soil 140 (1992) 9-54
57. Gahoonia T.S., Claassen N., and Jungk A. Mobilization of phosphate in different soils by ryegrass supplied with ammonium or nitrate. Plant Soil 140 (1992) 41-248
58. Gahoonia T.S., Claassen N., and Jungk A. Mobilization of residual phosphate of different phosphate fertilizers in relation to pH in the rhizosphere of ryegrass. Fert. Res. 33 (1992) 29-237
59. Gardner W.K., Parberry D.G., and Barber D.A. The acquisition of phosphorus by Lupinus albus L. I. Some characteristics of the soil/root interface. Plant Soil 68 (1982) 9-32
60. Gardner W.K., Barber D.A., and Parberry D.G. The acquisition of phosphorus by Lupinus albus L. III. The probable mechanism by which phosphorus movement in the soil/root interface is enhanced. Plant Soil 70 (1983) 07-124
61. Gerke J. Kinetics of soils phosphate desorption as affected by citric acid. Z. Pflanzenern. Bo-denk. 157 (1994) 7-22
62. Gerke J., Römer W., and Jungk A. The excretion of citric and malic acid by proteoid roots of Lupinus albus L.: Effects on solubility of phosphate, iron and aluminum in the proteoid rhizosphere in samples of an oxisol and a luvisol. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 157 (1994) 89-294
63. Godo G.H., and Reisenauer H.M. Plant effects on soil manganese availability. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 44 (1980) 93-995
64. Green M.S., and Etherington J.R. Oxidation of ferrous iron by rice (Oryza saliva L.) roots: A mechanism for waterlogging tolerance. J. Exp. Bot. 28 (1977) 678-690
65. Grierson P.F. Organic acids in the rhizosphere of Banksia integrifolia L. f. Plant Soil 144 (1992) 59-265
66. J.Y. Grimal A. Delauney E. Frossard J.L. Morel (1992). Utilisation de phosphore organique par un maïs cultivé' en conditions stériles. In "Proc. 4th Intl. IMPHOS Conf., pp. 629-631. Ghent, Belgium
67. Grimal J.Y., Frossard E., and Morel J.L. Acquisition of phosphorus sorbed on goethite by Zea mays. In: Cook H., and Lee H. (Eds). "Soil Management in Sustainable Agriculture" (1995), Wye College Press, London
68. Grinsted M.J., Hedley M.J., White R.E., and Nye P.H. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of rape (Brassica napus var. Emerald). I. pH changes and the increase in P concentration in the soil solution. New Phytol. 91 (1982) 9-29
69. Hamza M.A., and Aylmore L.A.G. Soil solute concentration and water uptake by single lupin and radish plant roots. I. Water extraction and solute accumulation. Plant Soil 145 (1992) 87-196
70. Harley J.L., and Harley E.L. A check-list of mycorrhiza in the British flora. New Phytol. 105 (1987) 1-102
71. Häussling M., and Marschner H. Organic and inorganic soil phosphates and acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of 80-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) trees. Biol. Fen. Soils 8 (1989) 128-133
72. Häussling M., Leisen E., Marschner H., and Römheld V. An improved method for non-destructive measurements of the pH at the root-soil interface (rhizosphere). J. Plant Physiol. 117 (1985) 71-375
73. Haynes R.J. Active ion uptake and maintenance of cation-anion balance: A critical examination of their role in regulating rhizosphere pH. Plant Soil 126 (1990) 247-264
74. Hedley M.J., Nye P.H., and White R.E. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of rape (Brassica napus var. Emerald) seedlings. II. Origin of the pH change. New Phytol. 91 (1982) 31-44
75. Hedley M.J., White R.E., and Nye P.H. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of rape (Brassica napus var. Emerald) seedlings. HI. Changes in L value, soil phosphate fractions and phosphatase activity. New Phytol. 91 (1982) 45-56
76. Helal H.M., and Sauerbeck D. Carbon turnover in the rhizosphere. Z Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 152 (1989) 211-216
77. Hendriks L., Claassen N., and Jungk A. Phosphatverarmung des wurzelnahen Bodens und Phosphataufnahme von Mais und Raps. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 144 (1981) 486-499
78. Hiltner L. Uber neuere Ehrfahrungen und Problem auf dem Gebiet der Bodenbakteriologie unter besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Grundiingung und Brache. Arb. Dlsch. Landwirt. Ges. 98 (1904) 9-78
79. Hinsinger P. The acquisition of mineral nutrients by roots: Rhizosphere processes. In: Borin M., and Sattin M. (Eds). "Proc. 3rd Cong. European Soc. for Agron" (1994), European Soc. for Agron., Colmar, France 428-437
80. Hinsinger P., and Gilkes R.J. Root-induced dissolution of phosphate rock in the rhizosphere of lupins grown in alkaline soil. Aust. J. Soil Res. 33 (1995) 477-489
81. Hinsinger P., and Gilkes R.J. Mobilization of phosphate from phosphate rock and alumina-sorbed phosphate by the roots of ryegrass and clover as related to rhizosphere pH. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 47 (1996) 533-544
82. Hinsinger P., and Gilkes R.J. Dissolution of phosphate rock in the rhizosphere of five plant species grown in an acid, P-fixing mineral substrate. Geoderma 75 (1997) 231-249
83. Hinsinger P., and Jaillard B. Root-induced release of interlayer potassium and vermiculitiza-tion of phlogopite as related to potassium depletion in the rhizosphere of ryegrass. J. Soil Sci. 44 (1993) 25-534
84. Hinsinger P., Jaillard B., and Dufey J.E. Rapid weathering of a trioctahedral mica by the roots of ryegrass. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56 (1992) 977-982
85. Hinsinger P., Elsass E., Jaillard B., and Robert M. Root-induced irreversible transformation of a trioctahedral mica in the rhizosphere of rape. J. Soil Sci. 44 (1993) 535-545
86. Hoffland E. Quantitative evaluation of the role of organic acid exudation in the mobilization of rock phosphate by rape. Plant Soil 140 (1992) 79-289
87. Hoffland E., Findenegg G.R., and Nelemans J.A. Solubilization of rock phosphate by rape. II. Local root exudation of organic acids as a response to P-starvation. Plant Soil 113 (1989) 61-165
88. Hoffland E., Van den Boogaard R., Nelemans J.A., and Findenegg G.R. Biosynthesis and root exudation of citric and malic acids in phosphate-starved rape plants. New Phytol. 122 (1992) 75-680
89. Horst W.J., Wagner A., and Marschner H. Mucilage protects root meristems from aluminium injury. Z Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 105 (1982) 435-444
90. Hiibel F., and Beck E. In-situ determination of the P-relations around the primary root of maize with respect to inorganic and phytate-P. Plant Soil 157 (1993) 1-9
91. Hue N.V., Craddock G.R., and Adams F. Effect of organic acids on aluminum toxicity in subsoils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50 (1986) 28-34
92. Jaillard B. Mise en Evidence de la néogenèse de sables calcaires sous Pinfluence des racines: Incidence sur la granulomére du sol. Agronomie 4 (1984) 91-100
93. Jaillard B. Activitké Aracinaire et rhizostructures en milieu carbonaté. Pédologie 35 (1985) 97-313
94. B. Jaillard (1987). Les structures rhizomorphes calcaires: modele de réorganisation des mineraux du sol par les racines. Ph.D. thesis, Universite des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpelli-er, France
95. Jaillard B., Guyon A., and Maurin A.F. Structure and composition of calcified roots and their identification in calcareous soils. Geoderma 50 (1991) 97-210
96. Jaillard B., Ruiz L., and Arvieu J.C. pH mapping in transparent gel using color indicator videodensitometry. Plant Soil 183 (1996) 5-95
97. Jakobsen I., Abbott L.K., and Robson A.D. External hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular my-corrhizal fungi associated with Trifolium subterraneum L. 1. Spread of hyphae and phosphorus inflow into roots. New Phytol. 120 (1992) 71-380
98. Jarvis S.C., and Robson A.D. The effects of nitrogen nutrition of plants on the development of acidity in Western Australian soils. I. Effects with subterranean clover grown under leaching conditions. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 34 (1983) 341-353
99. Jones D.L., and Darrah P.R. Role of root derived organic acids in the mobilization of nutrients from the rhizosphere. Plant Soil 166 (1994) 247-257
100. Jones D.L., and Darrah P.R. Influx and efflux of organic acids across the soil-root interface of Zea mays L. and its implications in rhizosphere C flow. Plant Soil 173 (1995) 103-109
101. Jones D.L., Darrah P.R., and Kochian L.V. Critical evaluation of organic acid mediated dissolution in the rhizosphere and its potential role in root iron uptake. Plant Soil 180 (1996) 57-66
102. Jones D.L., Prabowo A.M., and Kochian L.V. Kinetics of malate transport and decomposition in acid soils and isolated bacterial populations: The effect of microorganisms on root exudation of malate under Al stress. Plant Soil 182 (1996) 239-247
103. Jungk A. Dynamics of nutrient movement at the soil-root interface. In: Waisel Y., Eshel A., and Kafkafi U. (Eds). "Plant Roots. The Hidden Half. 2nd ed. (1996), Marcel Dekker, New York 529-556
104. Jungk A., and Claassen N. Availability of phosphate and potassium as the result of interactions between root and soil in the rhizosphere. Z Pflanzenern Bodenk. 149 (1986) 411-427
105. Keerthisinghe G., De Datta S.K., and Mengel K. Importance of exchangeable and nonex-changeable NH+ in nitrogen nutrition of lowland rice. Soil Sci. 140 (1985) 94-201
106. Khasawneh F.E., and Doll E.C. The use of phosphate rock for direct application to soils. Adv. Agron. 30 (1978) 59-206
107. Kinraide T.B. Identity of the rhizotoxic aluminium species. Plant Soil 134 (1991) 67-178
108. Kirk G.J.D., and Nye P.H. A simple model for predicting the rates of dissolution of sparingly soluble calcium phosphates in soil. I. The basic model. J. Soil Sci. 37 (1986) 529-540
109. Kirk G.J.D., and Saleque M.A. Solubilization of phosphate by rice plants growing in reduced soil: Prediction of the amount solubilized and the resultant increase in uptake. European J. Soil Sci. 46 (1995) 247-255
110. Kodama H., Nelson S., Yang F., and Kohyama N. Mineralogy of rhizospheric and non-rhi-zospheric soils in corn fields. Clays Clay Min. 42 (1994) 755-763
111. Kraffczyk I., Trolldenier G., and Beringer H. Soluble root exudates of maize: Influence of potassium supply and rhizosphere microorganisms. Soil Biol. Biochem. 16 (1984) 15-322
112. Kraus M., Fusseder A., and Beck E. In situ determination of the phosphate-gradient around a root by radioautography of frozen soil sections. Plant Soil 97 (1987) 407-418
113. Kuchenbuch R., and Jungk A. A method for determining concentration profiles at the soil-root interface by thin slicing rhizospheric soil. Plant Soil 68 (1982) 391-394
114. Kuchenbuch R., and Jungk A. Wirkung der Kaliumdungung auf die Kaliumverfiigbarkeit in der Rhizosphare von Raps. Z. Pflanzenern, Bodenk. 147 (1984) 435-448
115. Lamont B. Mechanisms for enhancing nutrient uptake in plants with particular reference to mediterranean South Africa and Western Australia. Bot. Rev. 48 (1982) 597-689
116. Leprince F., and Quiquampoix H. Extracellular enzyme activity in soil: Effect of pH and ionic strength on the interaction with montmorillonite of two acid phosphatases secreted by the ec-tomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 47 (1996) 511-522
117. 32 -autoradiography. Plant Soil 27 (1967) 445-453
118. Li X.-L., George E., and Marschner H. Extension of the phosphorus depletion zone in VA-mycorrhizal white clover in a calcareous soil. Plant Soil 136 (1991) 41-48
119. Lindsay W.L. Role of chelation in micronutrient availability. In: Carson E.W. (Ed). "The Plant Root and Its Environment" (1974), University Press of Virginia 507-524
120. Lindsay W.L. "Chemical Equilibria in Soils" (1979), John Wiley and Sons, New York
121. Lindsay W.L., Vlek P.L.G., and Chien S.H. Phosphate minerals. In: Dixon J.B., and Weed S.B. (Eds). "Minerals in Soil Environment,". 2nd ed. (1989), Soil Sci. Soc. of Am., Madison, WI 1089-1130
122. Lipton D.S., Blanchar R.W., and Blevins D.G. Citrate, malate and succinate concentration in exudates from P-sufficient and P-stressed Medicago sativa L. seedlings. Plant Physiol. 85 (1987) 15-317
123. Lorenz S.E., Hamon R.E., and McGrath S.P. Differences between soil solutions obtained from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils by water displacement and soil centrifugation. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 45 (1994) 431-438
124. + /OH∼ excretion and nutrient uptake in upper and lower parts of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) root systems. Annals Bot. 72 (1993) 15-20
125. Malzer G.L., and Barber S.A. Precipitation of calcium and strontium sulfates around plant roots and its evaluation. Soil Sci. Soc. Amen Proc. 39 (1975) 492-495
126. H. Marschner (1990). Mobilization of mineral nutrients in the rhizosphere In "Proc. 1st Cong. European Soc. Agron." (A. Scaife), Session 3, O 00, pp. 1-11. European Soc. Agron., Colmar, France
127. Marschner H. "Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd ed. (1995), Academic Press, London
128. Marschner H., and Dell B. Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant Soil 159 (1994) 89-102
129. Marschner H., and Römheld V. In vivo measurement of root-induced pH changes at the soil-root interface: Effect of plant species and nitrogen source. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. III (1983) 41-251
130. Marschner H., Römheld V., and Ossenberg-Neuhaus H. Rapid method for measuring changes in pH and reducing processes along roots of intact plants. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 105 (1982) 07-416
131. Marschner H., Römheld V., Horst W.J., and Martin P. Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere: Importance for the mineral nutrition of plants. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 149 (1986) 441-456
132. Marschner H., Römheld V., and Kissel M. Localization of phytosiderophore release and iron uptake along intact barley roots. Physiol. Plant. 71 (1987) 57-162
133. Marschner H., Treeby M., and Römheld V. Role of root-induced changes in the rhizosphere for iron acquisition in higher plants. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 152 (1989) 97-204
134. Marschner H., Haussling M., and George E. Ammonium and nitrate uptake rates and rhizo-sphere-pH in non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L). Karst). Trees Struct. Funct. 5 (1991) 4-21
135. McLachlan K.D. Acid phosphatase activity of intact roots and phosphorus nutrition in plants. I. Assay conditions and phosphatase activity. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 31 (1980) 429-440
136. Mench M., and Fargues S. Metal uptake by iron-efficient and inefficient oats. In: Abadia J. (Ed). "Iron Nutrition in Soils and Plants," (1995), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands 217-223
137. Mench M., and Martin E. Mobilization of cadmium and other metals from two soils by root exudates of Zea mays L., Nicotiana tabacum L. and Nicotiana rustica L. Plant Soil 132 (1991) 187-196
138. Mench M., Morel J.L., and Guckert A. Metal binding properties of high molecular weight soluble exudates from maize (Zea mays L.) roots. Biol. Fert. Soils 3 (1987) 65-169
139. Mengel K., and Kirkby E.A. "Principles of Plant Nutrition,". 4th ed. (1987), Intl. Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland
140. Mengel K., and Scherer H.W. Release of nonexchangeable (fixed) soil ammonium under field conditions during the growing season. Soil Sci. 131 (1981) 26-232
141. Mengel K., Horn D., and Tributh H. Availability of interlayer ammonium as related to root vicinity and mineral type. Soil Sci. 149 (1990) 31-137
142. Merckx R., van Ginkel J.H., Sinnaeve J., and Cremers A. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of maize and wheat. I. Production and turnover of root-derived material in the rhizosphere of maize and wheat. Plant Soil 96 (1986) 5-93
143. Merckx R., van Ginkel J.H., Sinnaeve J., and Cremers A. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of maize and wheat. II. Complexation of cobalt, zinc and manganese in the rhizosphere of maize and wheat. Plant Soil 96 (1986) 95-107
144. Moorby H., White R.E., and Nye P.H. The influence of phosphate nutrition on H ion efflux from the roots of young rape plants. Plant Soil 105 (1988) 47-56
145. 2+ binding with mucilage exudates from maize (Zea mays L.) roots. Biol. Fert. Soils 2 (1986) 9-34
146. Murrmann R.P., and Peech M. Effect of pH on labile and soluble phosphate in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 33 (1969) 05-210
147. Nagarajah S., Posner A.M., and Quirk J.P. Competitive adsorptions of phosphate with poly-galacturonate and other organic anions on kaolinite and oxide surfaces. Nature 228 (1970) 3-84
148. Niebes J.-E., Dufey J.E., Jaillard B., and Hinsinger P. Release of nonexchangeable potassium from different size fractions of two highly K-fertilized soils in the rhizosphere of rape (Bras-sica napus cv. Drakkar). Plant Soil 155/156 (1993) 403-406
149. Nye P.H. Changes of pH across the rhizosphere induced by roots. Plant Soil 61 (1981) 7-26
150. Nye P.H. The diffusion of two interacting solutes in soil. J Soil Sci. 34 (1983) 677-691
151. Nye P.H. Acid-base changes in the rhizosphere. Adv. Plant Nutr. 2 (1986) 29-153
152. Oertli J.J., and Opoku A.A. Interaction of potassium in the availability and uptake of iron from ferric hydroxide. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 38 (1974) 451-454
153. Owusu-Bennoah E., and Wild A. Autoradiography of the depletion zone of phosphate around onion roots in the presence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. New Phytol. 82 (1979) 33-140
154. Paauw F.v.d. An effective water extraction method for the determination of plant available soil phosphorus. Plant Soil 34 (1971) 467-481
155. Parfitt R.L. Anion adsorption by soils and soil materials. Adv. Agron. 30 (1978) 1-50
156. Parfitt R.L. The availability of P from phosphate-goethite bridging complexes. Desorption and uptake by ryegrass. Plant Soil 53 (1979) 5-65
157. Pellet D.M., Grunes D.L., and Kochian L.V. Organic acid exudation as an aluminum-tolerance mechanism in maize (Zea mays L.). Planta 196 (1995) 88-795
158. Petersen W., and Böttger M. Contribution of organic acids to the acidification of the rhizo-sphere of maize seedlings. Plant Soil 132 (1991) 159-163
159. Quémener J. Important factors in potassium balance sheets. "Nutrient Balances and the Need for Potassium. Proc. 13th IPI Cong.," (1986), Intl. Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland pp. 41-72
160. Quiquampoix H., Abadie J., Baron M.H., Leprince R., Matumoto-Pintro P.T., Ratcliffe R.G., and Staunton S. Mechanisms and consequences of protein adsorption on soil mineral surfaces. In: Horbett T.A., and Brash J.L. (Eds). "Proteins at Interfaces II. ACS Symposium Series 602" (1995), Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, D.C. 321-333
161. Quispel A. Dinitrogen-fixing symbioses with legumes, non-legumes angiosperms and associative symbioses. In: Lauch-li A., and Bieleski R.L. (Eds). "Inorganic Plant Nutrition. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology" 15A (1983), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 286-329 New Series
162. Riley D., and Barber S.A. Effect of ammonium and nitrate fertilization on phosphorus uptake as related to root-induced pH changes at the root-soil interface. Soi7 Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 35 (1971) 301-306
163. Robert M., and Berthelin J. Role of biological and biochemical factors in soil mineral weathering. In: Huang P.M., and Schnitzer M. (Eds). "Interactions of Soil Minerals with Natural Organics and Microbes," (1986), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI 453-495 Special publication 17
164. Römheld V. pH-Veranderungen in der Rhizosphare verschiedener Kulturpflanzenarten in Ab-hangigkeit vom Nahrstoffangebot. Potash Rev. 55 (1986) 1-8
165. Römheld V. The role of phytosiderophores in acquisition of iron and other micronutrients in graminaceous species: An ecological approach. Plant Soil 130 (1991) 27-134
166. Römheld V., and Marschner H. Mechanism of iron uptake by peanut plants. I. Fe(HI) reduction, chelate splitting and release of phenolics. Plant Physiol. 71 (1983) 949-954
167. Römheld V., and Marschner H. Mobilization of iron in the rhizosphere of different plant species. Adv. Plant Nutr. 2 (1986) 155-204
168. Römheld V., and Marschner H. Evidence for a specific uptake system for iron phytosiderophores in roots of grasses. Plant Physiol. 80 (1986) 175-180
169. Römheld V., and Marschner H. Genotypical differences among graminaceous species in release of phytosiderophores and uptake of iron phytosiderophores. Plant Soil 123 (1990) 147-153
170. Römheld V., Miiller C., and Marschner H. Localization and capacity of proton pumps in roots of intact sunflower plants. Plant Physiol. 76 (1984) 603-606
171. Ruiz, L. (1992). Mobilisation du phosphore des apatites dans la rhizosphere. R61e de l'excrétion de protons par le racines. Ph.D. thesis, University Montpellier II, France.
172. L. Ruiz J.C. Arvieu (1992). Solubilization of phosphate minerals by plant roots. In "Proc. 4th Intl. IMPHOS Conf." Ghent, Belgium
173. Saleque M.A., and Kirk G.J.D. Root-induced solubilization of phosphate in the rhizosphere of lowland rice. New Phytol. 129 (1995) 325-336
174. Scherer H.W., and Ahrens G. Depletion of non-exchangeable NH4-N in the soil-root interface in relation to clay mineral composition and plant species. Eur. J. Agron. 5 (1996) 1-7
175. Schwertmann U. Solubility and dissolution of iron oxides. Plant Soil 130 (1991) 1-25
176. Sinha B.K., and Singh N.T. Effect of transpiration rate on salt accumulation around corn roots in a saline soil. Agron. J. 66 (1974) 557-560
177. Sinha B.K., and Singh N.T. Chloride accumulation near corn root under different transpiration, soil moisture and soil salinity regimes. Agron. J. 68 (1976) 346-348
178. Sparks D.L. Potassium dynamics in soils. Adv. Soil Sci. 6 (1987) 1-63
179. Staunton S., and Leprince R. Effect of pH and some organic anions on the solubility of soil phosphate: Implications for P bioavailability. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 47 (1996) 231-239
180. Steffens D. Einfluss langjahriger Dungung mit verschiedenen Phosphatdungerformen aud die Phosphatverfiigbarkeit in der Rhizosphare von Raps. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 150 (1987) 75-80
181. Stirzaker R.J., and Passioura J.B. The water relations of the root-soil interface. Plant Cell Envir. 19 (1996) 201-208
182. Takagi S. Naturally occurring iron-chelating compounds in oat- and rice-root washings. I. Activity measurement and preliminary characterization. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 22 (1976) 423-433
183. Takagi S., Nomoto K., and Takemoto T. Physiological aspects of mugineic acid, a possible phytosiderophore of graminaceous plants. J. Plant Nutr. 7 (1984) 469-477
184. Takagi S., Kamei S., and Yu M.-H. Efficiency of iron extraction from soil by mugineic acid family phytosiderophores. J. Plant Nutr. 11 (1988) 643-651
185. Tarafdar J.C., and Jungk A. Phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere and its relation to the depletion of soil organic phosphorus. Biol. Fert. Soils 3 (1987) 99-204
186. Treeby M., Marschner H., and Römheld V. Mobilization of iron and other micronutrient cations from a calcareous soil by plant-borne, microbial and synthetic metal chelators. Plant Soil 114 (1989) 217-226
187. Trofymow J.A., Coleman D.C., and Cambardella C. Rates of rhizodeposition and ammonium depletion in the rhizosphere of axenic oat roots. Plant Soil 97 (1987) 33-344
188. TroUdenier G. Visualization of oxidizing power of rice roots and of possible participation of bacteria in iron deposition. Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 151 (1988) 17-121
189. Uren N.C. Chemical reduction of an insoluble higher oxide of manganese by plant roots. J. Plant Nutr. 4 (1981) 5-71
190. Uren N.C., and Reisenauer H.M. The role of root exudates in nutrient acquisition. Adv. Plant Ato: 3 (1988) 79-114
191. Wehrmann J., and Coldewey-Zum Eschenhoff H. Distribution of nitrate, exchangeable and non-exchangeable ammonium in the soil-root interface. Plant Soil 91 (1986) 421-424
192. Weinberger P., and Yee D. The influence of nitrogen sources on root-mediated changes in substrate pH. Can. J. Bot. 62 (1984) 61-162
193. + currents traverse growing roots and root hairs of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plant Physiol. 64 (1979) 512-518
194. Wirén N., von, Römheld V., Morel J.L., Giickert A., and Marschner H. Influence of microorganisms on iron acquisition in maize. Soil Biol. Biochem. 25 (1993) 71-376
195. Wirén N.v., Mori S., Marschner H., and Römheld V. Iron inefficiency in maize mutant ys 1 (Zea mays L. cv. Yellow-Stripe) is caused by a defect in uptake of iron phytosiderophores. Plant Physiol. 106 (1994) 1-77
196. Youssef R.A., and Chino M. Studies on the behavior of nutrients in the rhizosphere. I. Establishment of a new rhizobox system to study nutrient status in the rhizosphere. J. Plant Nutr. 10 (1987) 185-1195
197. Youssef R.A., and Chino M. Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere of plants. I. pH changes in relation to the bulk soil. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 35 (1989) 461-468