Social capital in the early industrial revolution

Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 435-457

  Rosenband, Leonard N ^a  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0004919209     PISSN: 00221953     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/002219598551779     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Quoted passages in Alexandre Nicolaï, Histoire des moulins à papier du Sud-Ouest de la France, 1300-1800 (Bordeaux, 1935), 1, 63 (L. Lescourre), 60 (anonymous mémoire), 64 (Lescourre);
2. e siècles," Revue internationale de sociologie, V (1897), 178.
3. Robert Putnam, with Roberto Leonardi and Raffaella Y. Nanetti, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, 1993), 125-126, 167, 181.
4. On the place and functions of the guilds, see Emile Coornaert, Les Corporations en France avant 1789 (Paris, 1941);
5. Steven Epstein, Wage Labor and Guilds in Medieval Europe (Chapel Hill, 1991);
6. Steven Kaplan, "The Character and Implications of Strife Among the Masters Inside the Guilds of Eighteenth-Century Paris," Journal of Social History, XIX (1986), 631-647;
7. Steven Kaplan, idem (trans. John Merriman), "Guilds, 'False Workers,' and the Faubourg Saint-Antoine," in James McClain, Merriman, and Ugawa Kaoru (eds.), Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era (Ithaca, 1994), 355-383;
8. Steven Kaplan, idem, "The Luxury Guilds in Paris in the Eighteenth Century," Francia, IX (1981), 257-298;
9. Steven Kaplan, idem, "Réflexions sur la police du monde du travail, 1700-1815," Revue historique, CCLXI (1979), 17-77;
10. Etienne Martin Saint-Léon, Histoire des corporations de métiers, depuis leurs origines jusqu'à leur suppression en 1791 (Paris, 1909);
11. Gervase Rosser, "Crafts, Guilds and the Negotiation of Work in the Medieval Town," Past & Present, 154 (1997), 3-31;
12. Thomas Max Safley and Rosenband (eds.), The Workplace before the Factory: Artisans and Proletarians, 1500-1800 (Ithaca, 1993);
13. William Sewell, Jr., Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime to 1848 (Cambridge, 1980);
14. Michael Sonenscher, The Hatters of Eighteenth-Century France (Berkeley, 1987);
15. Michael Sonenscher, idem, Work and Wages: Natural Law, Politics, and the Eighteenth-Century French Trades (Cambridge, 1989).
16. Sewell, Work and Revolution, 25-39;
17. Kaplan, "Character," 632.
18. Kaplan, "Character," passim.
19. Sonenscher, Hatters, 43;
20. Sonenscher, idem, Work and Wages, 63;
21. Gail Bossenga, The Politics of Privilege: Old Regime and Revolution in Lille (Cambridge, 1991), 152-154.
22. Richard Goldthwaite, The Building of Renaissance Florence: An Economic and Social History (Baltimore, 1980), 245;
23. David Landes, Revolution in Time: Clocks and the Making of the Modern World (Cambridge, Mass., 1983), 216;
24. Kaplan, "Luxury," 277-278.
25. Sonenscher, Work and Wages, 130-133, 147-149;
26. Rosser, "Crafts, Guilds," 14;
27. L. D. Schwarz, London in the Age of Industrialisation: Entrepreneurs, Labour Force and Living Conditions, 1700-1850 (Cambridge, 1992), 33.
28. Sylvia Thrupp, "The Gilds," in Michael M. Postan, Edwin E. Rich, and Edward Miller (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of Europe: Economic Organization and Policies in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1963), III, 255;
29. Kaplan, "Luxury," 261 (brackets in original);
30. Kaplan, idem, "Guilds, 'False Workers'," 369.
31. Putnam, Making Democracy Work, 137.
32. On the bakers, see Kaplan, The Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700-1775 (Ithaca, 1996), 278-283;
33. on the locksmiths, Sonenscher, Work and Wages, 107.
34. Robert Malcolmson, "Workers' Combinations in Eighteenth-Century England," in Margaret Jacob and James Jacob (eds.), The Origins of Anglo-American Radicalism (Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 1991; orig. pub. 1984), 178.
35. Putnam, Making Democracy Work, 124-125;
36. Natalie Z. Davis, "A Trade Union in Sixteenth-Century France," Economic History Review, XIX (1966), 48, 53.
37. See also Catharina Lis and Hugo Soly, "'An Irresistible Phalanx': Journeymen Associations in Western Europe, 1300-1800," International Review of Social History, XXXIX, supplement 2 (1994), 21, 35.
38. Rosser, "Crafts, Guilds," 13.
39. On the construction trades, see Jan de Vries, "An Employer's Guide to Wages and Working Conditions in the Netherlands, 1450-1850," in Carol Leonard and Boris N. Mironov (eds.), Hours of Work and Means of Payment: The Evolution of Conventions in Pre-Industrial Europe (Milan, 1994), 47-48;
40. on the bookbinders, Sonenscher, Work and Wages, 95.
41. See Kaplan, Bakers, 227-228, 255, for a powerful discussion of the journeymen bakers' miseries.
42. Sidney Pollard, The Genesis of Modern Management: A Study of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (Cambridge, Mass., 1965), 167;
43. Sonenscher, Work and Wages, 23.
44. Davis, "Trade Union," 60-61.
45. Eric J. Hobsbawm, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (New York, 1964), 37;
46. Hans-Ulrich Thamer, "On the Use and Abuse of Handicraft: Journeyman Culture and Enlightened Public Opinion in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Germany," in Kaplan (ed.), Understanding Popular Culture: Europe from the Middle Ages to the Nineteenth Century (Berlin, 1984), 288;
47. 12 2368, Archives nationales (henceforth AN).
48. Thamer, "Use and Abuse," 288;
49. Peter Linebaugh, The London Hanged: Crime and Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge, 1992), 378-380.
50. Lis and Soly, "Irresistible," 22, 50;
51. John Rule, "The Property of Skill in the Period of Manufacture," in Patrick Joyce (ed.), The Historical Meanings of Work (Cambridge, 1987), 109.
52. Putnam, Making Democracy Work, 126-127;
53. Malcolmson, "Workers' Combinations," 175;
54. John Orth, "English Combination Acts of the Eighteenth Century," Law and History Review, V (1987), 181-182.
55. Kaplan, "Réflexions," 48-56;
56. e siècle," Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, XXXVI (1989), 373-387;
57. British Parliamentary Papers, IV (1825), 555;
58. Donald C. Coleman, "Combinations of Capital and of Labour in the English Paper Industry, 1789-1825," Economica, XXI (1954), 43.
59. Malcolmson, "Workers' Combinations," 176;
60. Lis and Soly, "Irresistible," 24-25;
61. Rosser, "Crafts, Guilds," 26;
62. Sewell, Work and Revolution, 32-37, 40-42;
63. Kaplan, "Luxury," 296-297;
64. Sandra Cavallo, "Conceptions of Poverty and Poor-Relief in Turin in the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century," in Stuart Woolf (ed.), Domestic Strategies: Work and Family in France and Italy, 1600-1800 (Cambridge, 1991), 194.
65. Rosser, "Crafts, Guilds," 26;
66. Kaplan, "Luxury," 293;
67. Rule, "Property," 112;
68. Rosenband, "Hiring and Firing at the Montgolfier Paper Mill," in Safley and Rosenband (eds.), Workplace, 229;
69. George Rudé, The Crowd in History: A Study of Popular Disturbances in France and England 1730-1848 (New York, 1964), 67.
70. Hobsbawm, Labouring Men, 7-8;
71. Malcolmson, "Workers' Combinations," 174-175;
72. Rudé, Crowd, 69;
73. Rule, "Property," 109.
74. Rudé, Crowd, 72-73;
75. Jürgen Kocka, "Craft Traditions and the Labour Movement in Nineteenth-Century Germany," in Pat Thane, Geoffrey Crossick, and Roderick Floud (eds.), The Power of the Past: Essays for Eric Hobsbaum (Cambridge, 1984), 110-112.
76. The literature about bread riots is enormous. Some useful entry points are John Bohstedt, Riots and Community Politics in England and Wales, 1790-1810 (Cambridge, Mass., 1983);
77. Cynthia Bouton, The Flour War: Gender, Class, and Community in Late Ancien Régime French Society (University Park, 1993);
78. Rudé, Crowd, 108-122;
79. Edward P. Thompson, Customs in Common (New York, 1991), 185-258;
80. Louise Tilly, "The Food Riot as a Form of Political Conflict in France, "Journal of Interdisciplinary History, II (1971), 23-57.
81. e siècle: Pierre Vantongeren et la grève des ouvriers compagnons papetiers de 1751," in Contribution à l'histoire de la papeterie en France (Grenoble, 1945), X, 12-22.
82. Alexandre Nicolaï, Contribution à l'histoire de la papeterie en France Ibid., 13, 15.
83. Alexandre Nicolaï, Contribution à l'histoire de la papeterie en France Ibid., 16-17, 19-20.
84. Alexandre Nicolaï, Contribution à l'histoire de la papeterie en France Ibid., 17-18, 22.
85. Lis and Soly, "Irresistible," 40, 42-43.
86. Lis and Soly, "Irresistible," Ibid., 45.
87. Lis and Soly, "Irresistible," Ibid., 27, 35;
88. Orth, "English Combination Acts," 179, 180 (table), 184.
89. "Report from the Select Committee on Fourdrinier's Patent," British Parliamentary Papers, XX (1837). 12;
90. "Petition," Journals of the House of Commons, LI (1796), April 19, 1796, 585.
91. "Petition," April 19, 1796, 585.
92. 36 Geo. III, c. 3 (May 18, 1796).
93. See Danby Pickering (ed.), The Statutes at Large (Cambridge), XL, 813-816.
94. Coleman, "Capital and Labour," 44 (italics in original).
95. Coleman, "Capital and Labour," Ibid., 47;
96. testimony of Thomas Gardner, British Parliamentary Papers, IV (1825), 599.
97. 12 2278, AN.
98. Sewell, "Visions of Labor: Illustrations of the Mechanical Arts before, in, and after Diderot's Encyclopédie," in Kaplan and Cynthia Koepp (eds.), Work in France: Representations, Meaning, Organization, and Practice (Ithaca, 1986), 268-279; C 143, document 55, Archives départementales de l'Ardèche. Etienne Montgolfier's claim was a familiar theme in the upper reaches of late eighteenth-century French manufacturing.
99. Rosenband, "Hiring," 231-232;
100. Thomas Balston, William Balston: Paper Maker, 1759-1849 (London, 1954), 161.
101. Linebaugh, London Hanged, 396-400.
102. Dard Hunter, Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft (New York, 1978; 2d ed.), 343;
103. "Fourdrinier's Patent," British Parliamentary Papers, XX (1837), 12.
104. Robert Darnton, The Literary Underground of the Old Regime (Cambridge, Mass., 1982), 161;
105. Kaplan, "Social Classification and Representation in the Corporate World of Eighteenth-Century France: Turgot's 'Carnival,'" in Kaplan and Koepp (eds.), Work in France, 188-190.