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For an overview see: C.S. Adams, M. Sigel, J. Mlynek: Phys. Rep. 240, 143 (1994); Atom Interferometry, ed. by P. Berman (Academic Press 1997) and references therein
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A good overview of laser cooling is given in: Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, ed. by E. Arimondo, W.D. Phillips, F. Strumia (North Holland, 1992); S. Chu: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 685 (1998); C. Cohen- Tannoudji: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 707 (1998); W.D. Phillips: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 721 (1998)
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A good overview of laser cooling is given in: Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, ed. by E. Arimondo, W.D. Phillips, F. Strumia (North Holland, 1992); S. Chu: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 685 (1998); C. Cohen- Tannoudji: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 707 (1998); W.D. Phillips: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 721 (1998)
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A good overview of laser cooling is given in: Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, ed. by E. Arimondo, W.D. Phillips, F. Strumia (North Holland, 1992); S. Chu: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 685 (1998); C. Cohen-Tannoudji: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 707 (1998); W.D. Phillips: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 721 (1998)
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M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, M.R. Matthews, C.E. Wieman, E.A. Cornell: Science 269, 198 (1995); K.B. Davis, M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.S. Durfee, D.M. Kurn, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969 (1995); M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.M. Kurn, D.S. Durfee, C.G. Townsend, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 988 (1996); C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 985 (1997); see also C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1678 (1995). For a complete list of refer- ences see also the BEC Homepage http://amo.phy.gasou.edu/ bec.html
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M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, M.R. Matthews, C.E. Wieman, E.A. Cornell: Science 269, 198 (1995); K.B. Davis, M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.S. Durfee, D.M. Kurn, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969 (1995); M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.M. Kurn, D.S. Durfee, C.G. Townsend, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 988 (1996); C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 985 (1997); see also C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1678 (1995). For a complete list of refer- ences see also the BEC Homepage http://amo.phy.gasou.edu/ bec.html
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M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, M.R. Matthews, C.E. Wieman, E.A. Cornell: Science 269, 198 (1995); K.B. Davis, M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.S. Durfee, D.M. Kurn, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969 (1995); M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.M. Kurn, D.S. Durfee, C.G. Townsend, W. Ketterle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 988 (1996); C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 985 (1997); see also C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sacket, R.G. Hulet: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1678 (1995). For a complete list of refer- ences see also the BEC Homepage http://amo.phy.gasou.edu/ bec.html
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The Earnshaw theorem can be generalized to any combination of electric, magnetic and gravitational held, as shown in: W. Ketterle, D. Pritchard: Appl. Phys. B 54, 403 (1992)
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ed. by G. Magerl (Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1992). Series 1992
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PhD thesis, Universität Innsbruck
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J. Denschlag: PhD thesis, Universität Innsbruck (1998)
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39
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85037496063
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Quant-ph/9912106
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in print For experiment with large structures (> 100 μm) see also: and [26-28]
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Recently we have achieved trapping and manipulation of atoms in nanofabricated structures R. Folman, P. Krüger, D. Cassettari, B. Hessmo, T. Maier, J. Schmiedmayer: quant-ph/9912106, Phys. Rev. Lett. in print (1999). For experiment with large structures (> 100 μm) see also: and [26-28]
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46
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85037498582
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note
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The minimum of the U-trap is displaced from the central point of the bar, in a direction opposite to the bent wire leads. A more symmetric quadrupole can be created by using 3 wires in a H configuration. There the side-guide is closed by the two parallel wires crossing the central wire orthogonally. The trap is then in between the two wires, along the side guide wire
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48
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0031998915
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V. Vuletic, T. Fischer, M. Praeger, T.W. Hänsch, C. Zimmermann: Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1634 (1998)
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50
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4143092419
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T.M. Roach, H. Abele, M.G. Boshier, H.L. Grossman, K.P. Zetie, E.A. Hinds: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 629 (1995); E.A. Hinds, M.G. Boshier, I.G. Hughes: ibid. 80, 645 (1998): E.A. Hinds: Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A 357, 1409 (1999)
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T.M. Roach, H. Abele, M.G. Boshier, H.L. Grossman, K.P. Zetie, E.A. Hinds: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 629 (1995); E.A. Hinds, M.G. Boshier, I.G. Hughes: ibid. 80, 645 (1998): E.A. Hinds: Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A 357, 1409 (1999)
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Hinds, E.A.1
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53
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85037504509
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note
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The atoms are loaded into the MOT for 20 s out of an effusive beam at a red laser detuning of 25 MHz and a total laser power of about 150 mW. An electro-optic modulator produces sidebands of 812 MHz (30%) one of which is used as a repumper. To increase the loading rate we use an additional slower beam (20 mW, 100 MHz red detuned) directed through the MOT into the oven. The MOT is typically 1 mm in diameter (FWHM) and has a temperature of T ∼ 200 μK which corresponds to a velocity of about 0.5 m/s. For a detailed description see [19, 20]
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K.I. Lee, J.A. Kim, H.R. Noh, W. Jhe: Opt. Lett. 21, 1177 (1996)
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55
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85037517640
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to be published
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The chip is produced using standard nano-fabrication methods. A detailed account will he given in: T. Maier et al.: to be published
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Maier, T.1
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