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85034188868
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note
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1/2, F = 2 ground states, and the rate of spontaneous emission decreases to about two-third of that with the repumping beam. Also, a factor of 2 reduction of the population in the upper hyperfine ground state correspondingly reduces the rate of ground-state hyperfine-changing collisions [17,18] to half. We assume these were the main reason for the extension of the trap lifetime.
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11
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14
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85034173787
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note
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For a short trapping time (< 10 ms) the number of remaining atoms in the dipole trap could not be deduced directly from the TOF signals because we could not distinguish between the atoms from the dipole trap and those from the MOT.
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15
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85118959699
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note
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8). However the present loading efficiency was almost the same as the previous one (∼ 30%).
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16
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85034175190
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note
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The time constant of the trap loss due to background gas collisions was 1.4 s, which was determined from a collection profile of the MOT.
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17
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85034185687
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note
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As mentioned in the previous work [7], the temperature of the dipole trap without any cooling was determined by the potential height of the doughnut beam. The potential height was almost inversely proportional to the detuning of the doughnut beam. The present detuning of +42 GHz was smaller than that in our previous work of +57 GHz, resulting in increase of the trap temperature from 18 μK to 25 μK.
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18
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0000485245
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