Farming the city: The potential of urban agriculture

Ecologist

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 299-307

  Garnett, Tara ^a  

^a National Food Alliance

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0003630847     PISSN: 02613131     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Girardet, H., The Gaia Atlas of Cities, Gaia Books, Stroud, 1992.
2. Earth Summit 92: The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro 1992, Regency Press Corporation. 1992
3. United Nations Global Outlook 2000: An Economic, Social and Environmental Perspective, United Nations Publications, New York, 1990
4. Girardet, H., Urban Growth and the Environment, Congress Report, Hong Kong 1995
5. MIND, Mental Health Statistics, MIND, undated
6. The vision became Milton Keynes - not what Howard had planned.
7. quoted in Nicholson-Lord, D., The Greening of the Cities, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1987.
8. See United Nations Development Programme, Urban Agriculture: Food, Jobs and Sustainable Cities, Publication Series for Habitat II, volume one, United Nations Development Programme, New York, 1996; Committee on World Food Security, draft, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, January 1996. Cities also refers to large towns. Urban agriculture or food growing encompasses the production of all manner of foodstuffs, including fruit and vegetable growing, livestock rearing and beekeeping, at all levels from commercial horticulture to community projects to small-scale hobby gardening.
9. See Garnett, T., Growing Food in Cities: A Report to Highlight and Promote the Benefits of Urban Agriculture in the UK, National Food Alliance/SAFE Alliance, London (5-11 Worship St, London EC1A 2BH) 1996.
10. Council for the Protection of Rural England, (London) Derelict Land Survey, 1994
11. Crouch, D. and Ward, C., The Allotment: Its Landscape and Culture, Mushroom Bookshop, (10-12 Heathcote St, Nottingham NG1 3AA), 1994. The National Society of Allotment and Leisure Gardeners (Odell House, Hunter's Road, Corby, Northants NN17 5JE, UK) is the national body devoted to campaigning for the preservation, improvement and promotion of allotments.
12. Worpole, K. and Greenhalgh, L., Park Life: Urban Parks and Social Renewal, Comedia/Demos, 1995
13. The Future of Urban Parks: Findings of the Symposium held on 25 October 1994 at Church House Conference Centre, London.
14. People, Parks and Cities, Department of the Environment, 1995.
15. Girardet, H., op. cit. 1.
16. Personal communication with Damian Killeen, The Poverty Alliance, 1996
17. Sustainable Settlements, Local Government Management Board, 1995.
18. The Department of the Environment will publish a document in 1997, Statutory Guidance on Contaminated Land, selling out the details of these obligations and to what they apply.
19. As lead accumulates on the surface of vegetables, however, and is not taken up by the roots, it can be removed by washing or scraping. Furthermore, if the pH (acidity) level of soil is maintained above 7.5, lead uptake by the plant is prevented and cadmium uptake reduced. Hedging species can take up pollutants in the soil and act as barriers to airborne pollution. See UNDP, op. cit. 8.
20. Much non-organic food grown in the countryside also carries health risks, particularly from the high residues of toxic pesticides.
21. UNDP, op. cit. 8.
22. HM Customs and Excise, 1994. This figure includes all fruit and vegetable produce, including dried, canned and frozen produce and juices.
23. Watch your Waste, Open University and Waste Watch, The Open University, 1993.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. Making Waste Work: A Strategy for Sustainable Development in England and Wales, Department of the Environment/Welsh Office, 1995.
27. See Outerbridge, T., "The Big Backyard: Composting Strategies in New York City", The Ecologist Vol. 24, No, 3, 1994, pp.106-109.
28. Personal communication with National Federation of City Farms.
29. UNDP, op. cit. 8.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Worpole, K. and Greenhalgh, L., op. cit. 12.
33. Agriculture in the UK, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1994
34. Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management, A Guide to the Leisure Industry - Some Key Facts, ILAM, fact sheet, 95/8
35. Personal communication.
36. Obesity: Reversing the Increasing Problem of Obesity in England: A report from the Nutrition and Physical Activity Task Forces, Department of Health, 1995.
37. Health Education Authority and Sports Council, Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey: Main Findings, HEA and Sports Council, 1992.
38. Figures range from one in 100 at a girl's private boarding school to one in 550 at a London Comprehensive. Personal communication with the Eating Disorders Association.
39. These are 1992 figures. See Evans Young, M., Dietbreaking, Hodder and Stoughton, 1995.
40. Food and Low Income: A practical guide for advisors and supporters working with families and young people on low incomes. National Food Alliance, 1994.
41. Leather, S., Your Food: Whose Choice?, National Consumer Council, HMSO, London 1992.
42. Health Education Authority and Sports Council, op. cit. 37.
43. Leisure Time, Mintel, 1995
44. Annual Review and Handbook, British Agrochemicals Association, 1996
45. Ryan, A., Gardening, Mental Health and Community Care, Horticulture Therapy, 1995.
46. MIND, op. cit. 5.