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Concave Reagents. 19. Ross, H.; Lüning, U. Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 10879-10882.
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For general and specific acid catalysis see: Maskill, H. The Physical Basis of Organic Chemistry; Oxford University Press: New York, 1993. For general and specific protonation see ref 20.
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Maskill, H.1
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0001433115
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0001165702
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Review: (a) Waldmann, H. Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab. 1991, 39, 413-418. Recent examples: (b) Fehr, C.; Galindo, J. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 1967-1969; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1888-1889.
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Fehr, C.1
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33751148186
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6
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0000158777
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(c) Ishihara, K.; Kaneda, M.; Yamamoto, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 11179-11180.
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(d) Fuji, K.; Kawabata, T.; Kuroda, A.; Taga, T. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1914.
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Fuji, K.1
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8
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3343005948
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See the references in refs 3a-d, 4c
-
(e) See the references in refs 3a-d, 4c.
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9
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25344438843
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Examples for diastereoselective protonations of cyclic carbanions: (a) Hünig, S.; Keita, Y.; Peters, K.; v. Schnering, H. G. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1495-1500.
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Hünig, S.1
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(b) Gerlach, U.; Haubenreich, T.; Hünig, S.; Keita, Y. Chem. Ber. 1993, 126, 1205-1215.
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Gerlach, U.1
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11
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0001484430
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(c) Krause, N. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 1845-1847; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1764-1765 and references cited therein. For diastereoselective protonations of nitronate ions:
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Angew. Chem.
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Krause, N.1
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12
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33749027108
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and references cited therein. For diastereoselective protonations of nitronate ions
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(c) Krause, N. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 1845-1847; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1764-1765 and references cited therein. For diastereoselective protonations of nitronate ions:
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Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.
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15
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3342893550
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See ref 6. Examples for regioselective protonations
-
(f) See ref 6. Examples for regioselective protonations:
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16
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37049082743
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(g) Tanaka, J.; Nojima, M.; Kusabayashi, S.; Nagase, S. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1987, 673-678.
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0000972412
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(h) Ikeda, Y.; Ukai, J.; Ikeda, N.; Yamamoto, H. Tetrahedron 1987, 43, 743-753.
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Ikeda, Y.1
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19
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0011639249
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Lüning, U.; Müller, M. Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 99-102; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 80-82.
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Lüning, U.1
Müller, M.2
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33749272606
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Lüning, U.; Müller, M. Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 99-102; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 80-82.
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21
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84984346942
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Lüning, U.; Baumstark, R.; Müller, M.; Wangnick, C.; Schillinger, F. Chem. Ber. 1990, 123, 221-223.
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Lüning, U.1
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0001165505
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Review for the Nef-reaction: Pinnick, H. W. Org. React. 1990, 38, 655-792.
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Org. React.
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Pinnick, H.W.1
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24
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0001561804
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Our concept of concave reagents has been adopted, and "reaction bowls" have been synthesized: Goto, K.; Tokitoh, N.; Okazaki, R. Angew. Chem. 1995, 107, 1202-1203; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1124-1126.
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Angew. Chem.
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Goto, K.1
Tokitoh, N.2
Okazaki, R.3
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25
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33748244638
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Our concept of concave reagents has been adopted, and "reaction bowls" have been synthesized: Goto, K.; Tokitoh, N.; Okazaki, R. Angew. Chem. 1995, 107, 1202-1203; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1124-1126.
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26
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3342959474
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Recent reviews for enzyme mimics: (a) Kirby, A. J. Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 769-790; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 705-724.
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Kirby, A.J.1
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0000137471
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Recent reviews for enzyme mimics: (a) Kirby, A. J. Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 769-790; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 705-724.
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Meynhardt, B.1
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3342895345
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note
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13a can be formed as the cis- or trans-isomer, but only trans-13a has been detected.
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44
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84959976624
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