Hydrogen exchange reactions in supercritical media monitored by in situ NMR

Journal of Supercritical Fluids

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 31-40

  Hoffmann, Markus M ^a   Conradi, Mark S ^b  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Deuteration reactions; High temperature high pressure NMR spectroscopy; Hydrogen exchange; Supercritical alcohols; Supercritical water

Indexed keywords

EID: 0003134453     PISSN: 08968446     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0896-8446(98)00094-1     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. J.W. Akitt, A.E. Merbach, High resolution variable pressure NMR for chemical kinetics, in: P. Diehl, E. Fluck, H. Günther, R. Kosfeld, J. Seelig, J. Jonas (Eds.), High Pressure NMR, NMR Basic Principles and Progress, vol. 24, Springer, New York, 1991, p. 189.
2. J.W. Rathke, R.J. Klingler, T.R. Krause, Propylene hydroformylation in supercritical carbon dioxide, Organometallics 10 (1991) 1350.
3. C.R. Yonker, S.L. Wallen, J.C. Linehan, High-pressure NMR study of metal complexes in supercritical fluids, J. Supercrit. Fluids 8 (1995) 250.
4. P.M. Kating, P.J. Krusic, D.C. Roe, B.E. Smart, Hydrogenation of fluoro-olefins studied by gas phase NMR: a new technique for heterogeneous catalysis, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 (1996) 10000.
5. M.M. Hoffmann, M.S. Conradi, Nuclear magnetic resonance probe for supercritical water and aqueous solutions, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68 (1997) 159.
6. H. Sato, M. Uematsu, K. Watanabe, A. Saul, W. Wagner, New international skeleton tables for the thermodynamic properties of ordinary water substance, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 17 (1988) 1439.
7. M.M. Hoffmann, M.S. Conradi, Are there hydrogen bonds in supercritical water?, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119 (1997) 3811.
8. M.M. Hoffmann, M.S. Conradi, Are there hydrogen bonds in supercritical methanol and ethanol?, J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 263.
9. M.M. Hoffmann, Hydrogen bonding in supercritical water, methanol and ethanol, Dissertation, Washington University, St. Louis, 1997.
10. H.S. Gutowsky, A. Saika, Dissociation, chemical exchange, and the proton magnetic resonance in some aqueous electrolytes, J. Chem. Phys. 21 (1953) 1688.
11. J.T. Arnold, Magnetic resonances of protons in ethyl alcohol, Phys. Rev. 102 (1956) 136.
12. I. Weinberg, J.R. Zimmerman, Concentration dependence of chemical exchange and NMR multiplet structures in water-ethanol mixtures, J. Chem. Phys. 23 (1955) 748.
13. E. Grunwald, A. Loewenstein, S. Meiboom, Rates and mechanisms of protolysis of methylammonium ion in aqueous solution studied by proton magnetic resonance, J. Chem. Phys. 27 (1957) 630.
14. T.C. Hoering, Thermal reactions of kerogen with added water, heavy water and pure organic substances, Org. Geochem. 5 (1984) 267.
15. J. Yao, R.F. Evilia, Deuteration of extremely weak organic acids by enhanced acid-base reactivity in supercritical deuteroxide solution, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 (1994) 11229.
16. I.T. Horváth, E.C. Ponce, New valve design for high-pressure sapphire tubes for NMR measurements, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 62 (1991) 1104.
17. S. Bai, C.M. Taylor, C.L. Mayne, R.J. Pugmire, D.M. Grant, A new high pressure sapphire nuclear magnetic resonance cell, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67 (1996) 240.
18. C.R. Yonker, T.S. Zemanian, S.L. Wallen, J.C. Linehan, J.A. Franz, A new apparatus for the convenient measurement of NMR spectra in high-pressure liquids, J. Magn. Reson. A113 (1995) 102.
19. A.G. Ferrige, J.C. Lindon, Resolution enhancement in FT NMR through the use of a double exponential function, J. Magn. Reson. 31 (1978) 337.
20. J. Bartels, H. Borchers, H. Hansen, K.-H. Hellwege, Kl. Schäfer, E. Schmidt (Eds.), Landolt-Börnstein Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Physik, Chemie, Astronomie, Geophysik und Technik, vol. 2, part 9, Springer, Berlin, 6th edn., 1962.
21. W.G. Schneider, L.W. Reeves, Proton exchange behavior in some hydrogen-bonded systems, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 70 (1958) 858.
22. P.K. Davis, Collision frequencies in liquids, J. Chem. Phys. 57 (1972) 517.
23. International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State, vol. 12, Methanol, IUPAC Chemical Data Series No. 38, Blackwell Scientific, Boston, MA, 1972.
24. D.D. Perrin, W.L.F. Armarego, D.R. Perrin, Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, Pergamon Press, New York, 2nd edn., 1980, p. 320.
25. S.I. Shuiskii, Yu.I. Naberukhin, Separation of the signals of water and alcohol and the manifestation of the stabilization of water in the NMR spectra of alcohol-water solutions, J. Struct. Chem. 17 (1976) 158.
26. R.K. Harris, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Pitman, Marshfield, MA, 1st edn., 1983, p. 216.
27. C.J. Pouchert, The Aldrich Library of NMR Spectra, Aldrich Chemical Company, 1983.