메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 125, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 5-39

The 1993 superstorm cold surge: Frontal structure, gap flow, and tropical impact

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0003116530     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<0005:TSCSFS>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (120)

References (135)
  • 1
    • 0029671958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 13 March 1993 severe squall line over western Cuba
    • Alfonso, A. P., and L. R. Naranjo, 1996: The 13 March 1993 severe squall line over western Cuba. Wea. Forecasting, 11, 89-102.
    • (1996) Wea. Forecasting , vol.11 , pp. 89-102
    • Alfonso, A.P.1    Naranjo, L.R.2
  • 2
    • 0019112103 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of the southerly buster
    • Baines, P. G., 1980: The dynamics of the southerly buster. Aust. Meteor. Mag., 28, 175-200.
    • (1980) Aust. Meteor. Mag. , vol.28 , pp. 175-200
    • Baines, P.G.1
  • 4
    • 0344196492 scopus 로고
    • Thunderstorm-related wind shear detected at Dulles International Airport using a Doppler acoustic/microwave radar, a monostatic sounder and arrays of surface sensors
    • Silver Spring, MD, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • Bedard, A. J., Jr., and M. J. Sanders, Jr., 1978: Thunderstorm-related wind shear detected at Dulles International Airport using a Doppler acoustic/microwave radar, a monostatic sounder and arrays of surface sensors. Proc. Conf. on Weather Forecasting and Analysis and Aviation Meteorology, Silver Spring, MD, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 347-352.
    • (1978) Proc. Conf. on Weather Forecasting and Analysis and Aviation Meteorology , pp. 347-352
    • Bedard Jr., A.J.1    Sanders Jr., M.J.2
  • 5
    • 0002548462 scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for assisting in the release of convective instability
    • Beebe, R. G., and F. C. Bates, 1955: A mechanism for assisting in the release of convective instability. Mon. Wea. Rev., 83, 1-10.
    • (1955) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.83 , pp. 1-10
    • Beebe, R.G.1    Bates, F.C.2
  • 6
    • 0024223483 scopus 로고
    • Appalachian cold-air damming
    • Bell, G. D., and L. F. Bosart, 1988: Appalachian cold-air damming. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 137-161.
    • (1988) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 137-161
    • Bell, G.D.1    Bosart, L.F.2
  • 7
    • 4143085585 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic-scale deformation and tropical cloud bands
    • Bluestein, H. B., 1977: Synoptic-scale deformation and tropical cloud bands. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 891-900.
    • (1977) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 891-900
    • Bluestein, H.B.1
  • 8
    • 0018704797 scopus 로고
    • Autumnal rainfall climatology of the Bahamas
    • Bosart, L. F., and B. E. Schwartz, 1979: Autumnal rainfall climatology of the Bahamas. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1663-1672.
    • (1979) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.107 , pp. 1663-1672
    • Bosart, L.F.1    Schwartz, B.E.2
  • 9
    • 0001257742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale antecedent conditions associated with the 12-14 March 1993 cyclone ("Superstorm '93") over Eastern North America
    • _, G. J. Hakim, K. R. Tyle, M. A. Bedrick, W. E. Bracken, M. J. Dickinson, and D. M. Schultz, 1996: Large-scale antecedent conditions associated with the 12-14 March 1993 cyclone ("Superstorm '93") over Eastern North America. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1865-1891.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 1865-1891
    • Hakim, G.J.1    Tyle, K.R.2    Bedrick, M.A.3    Bracken, W.E.4    Dickinson, M.J.5    Schultz, D.M.6
  • 10
    • 0002296776 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic aspects of the wintertime East Asian monsoon
    • C.-P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Eds., Oxford University Press
    • Boyle, J. S., and T.-J. Chen, 1987: Synoptic aspects of the wintertime East Asian monsoon. Monsoon Meteorology, C.-P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Eds., Oxford University Press, 125-160.
    • (1987) Monsoon Meteorology , pp. 125-160
    • Boyle, J.S.1    Chen, T.-J.2
  • 11
    • 0029412661 scopus 로고
    • The 12-14 March 1993 superstorm: Performance of the NMC global medium-range model
    • Caplan, P. M., 1995: The 12-14 March 1993 superstorm: Performance of the NMC global medium-range model. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 76, 201-212.
    • (1995) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.76 , pp. 201-212
    • Caplan, P.M.1
  • 12
    • 0018688210 scopus 로고
    • Northeasterly cold surges and near-equatorial disturbances over the winter MO-NEX area during December 1974. Part I: Synoptic aspects
    • Chang, C.-P., J. E. Erickson, and K. M. Lau, 1979: Northeasterly cold surges and near-equatorial disturbances over the winter MO-NEX area during December 1974. Part I: Synoptic aspects. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 812-829.
    • (1979) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.107 , pp. 812-829
    • Chang, C.-P.1    Erickson, J.E.2    Lau, K.M.3
  • 13
    • 85016234926 scopus 로고
    • Gravitational character of cold surges during winter MONEX
    • _, J. E. Millard, and G. T. J. Chen, 1983: Gravitational character of cold surges during winter MONEX. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 293-307.
    • (1983) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 293-307
    • Millard, J.E.1    Chen, G.T.J.2
  • 14
    • 0000640637 scopus 로고
    • Winds and storms on the Isthmus of Panama
    • Chapel, L. T., 1927: Winds and storms on the Isthmus of Panama. Mon. Wea. Rev., 55, 519-530.
    • (1927) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.55 , pp. 519-530
    • Chapel, L.T.1
  • 15
    • 0000857875 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulations of gravity currents in uniform shear flows
    • Chen, C., 1995: Numerical simulations of gravity currents in uniform shear flows. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3240-3253.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 3240-3253
    • Chen, C.1
  • 17
    • 13844277302 scopus 로고
    • Inertial wind path and sea surface temperature patterns near the Gulf of Tehuantepec and Gulf of Papagayo
    • Clarke, A. J., 1988: Inertial wind path and sea surface temperature patterns near the Gulf of Tehuantepec and Gulf of Papagayo. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15 491-15 501.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.93 , pp. 15491-15501
    • Clarke, A.J.1
  • 19
    • 0000041912 scopus 로고
    • The structure and evolution of cold surges east of the Rocky Mountains
    • Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 1995: The structure and evolution of cold surges east of the Rocky Mountains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2577-2610.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 2577-2610
    • Colle, B.A.1    Mass, C.F.2
  • 20
    • 0000173765 scopus 로고
    • A synoptic investigation of anticyclogenesis accompanying North American polar air outbreaks
    • Dallavalle, J. P., and L. F. Bosart, 1975: A synoptic investigation of anticyclogenesis accompanying North American polar air outbreaks. Mon. Wea. Rev., 103, 941-957.
    • (1975) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.103 , pp. 941-957
    • Dallavalle, J.P.1    Bosart, L.F.2
  • 21
    • 0007273092 scopus 로고
    • Observations and modeling of a mesoscale cold surge during WISPIT
    • Davis, C. A., 1995: Observations and modeling of a mesoscale cold surge during WISPIT. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1762-1780.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 1762-1780
    • Davis, C.A.1
  • 22
    • 4143073212 scopus 로고
    • Was it the storm of the century?
    • DeAngelis, R. M., and Coauthors, 1993: Was it the storm of the century? Mar. Wea. Log, 37(2), 38-45.
    • (1993) Mar. Wea. Log , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 38-45
    • DeAngelis, R.M.1
  • 24
    • 0001676192 scopus 로고
    • An examination of the frequency and mean conditions surrounding frontal incursions into the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea
    • DiMego, G. J., L. F. Bosart, and G. W. Endersen, 1976: An examination of the frequency and mean conditions surrounding frontal incursions into the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 709-718.
    • (1976) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 709-718
    • DiMego, G.J.1    Bosart, L.F.2    Endersen, G.W.3
  • 27
    • 0345058799 scopus 로고
    • The weather during northers at Kingston, Jamaica
    • Fermor, J. H., 1971: The weather during northers at Kingston, Jamaica. J. Trop. Geogr., 32, 31-37.
    • (1971) J. Trop. Geogr. , vol.32 , pp. 31-37
    • Fermor, J.H.1
  • 29
    • 48749143156 scopus 로고
    • The physical significance of modons: Laboratory experiments and general integral constraints
    • Flierl, G. R., M. E. Stern, and J. A. Whitehead Jr., 1983: The physical significance of modons: Laboratory experiments and general integral constraints. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 7, 233-263.
    • (1983) Dyn. Atmos. Oceans , vol.7 , pp. 233-263
    • Flierl, G.R.1    Stern, M.E.2    Whitehead Jr., J.A.3
  • 30
    • 0009572378 scopus 로고
    • "Blizzard of the century" - The storm of 12-14 March 1993 over the eastern United States
    • Forbes, G. S., R. M. Blackall, and P. L. Taylor, 1993: "Blizzard of the century" - The storm of 12-14 March 1993 over the eastern United States. Meteor. Mag., 122, 153-162.
    • (1993) Meteor. Mag. , vol.122 , pp. 153-162
    • Forbes, G.S.1    Blackall, R.M.2    Taylor, P.L.3
  • 31
    • 0005519295 scopus 로고
    • Weather forecasting in tropical regions
    • Forsdyke, A. G., 1949: Weather forecasting in tropical regions. Geophys. Mem., 82, 82.
    • (1949) Geophys. Mem. , vol.82 , pp. 82
    • Forsdyke, A.G.1
  • 32
    • 0021035670 scopus 로고
    • Two severe freezes in Brazil: Precursors and synoptic evolution
    • Fortune, M. A., and V. E. Kousky, 1983: Two severe freezes in Brazil: Precursors and synoptic evolution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 181-196.
    • (1983) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 181-196
    • Fortune, M.A.1    Kousky, V.E.2
  • 33
    • 0000031922 scopus 로고
    • "Northers" of the Canal Zone
    • Frankenfield, H. C., 1917: "Northers" of the Canal Zone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 45, 546-550.
    • (1917) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.45 , pp. 546-550
    • Frankenfield, H.C.1
  • 34
    • 0029768455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major cold air outbreaks affecting coffee and citrus plantations in the eastern and northeastern Mexico
    • Garcia, I. P., 1996: Major cold air outbreaks affecting coffee and citrus plantations in the eastern and northeastern Mexico. Atmósfera, 9, 47-68.
    • (1996) Atmósfera , vol.9 , pp. 47-68
    • Garcia, I.P.1
  • 35
    • 3342969109 scopus 로고
    • On the nature of the winter season rainfall in the Dominican Republic
    • Garcia, O., L. Bosart, and G. DiMego, 1978: On the nature of the winter season rainfall in the Dominican Republic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 961-982.
    • (1978) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.106 , pp. 961-982
    • Garcia, O.1    Bosart, L.2    Dimego, G.3
  • 36
    • 0028667867 scopus 로고
    • The value of NDBC observations during March 1993's "Storm of the Century."
    • Gilhousen, D. B., 1994: The value of NDBC observations during March 1993's "Storm of the Century." Wea. Forecasting, 9, 255-264.
    • (1994) Wea. Forecasting , vol.9 , pp. 255-264
    • Gilhousen, D.B.1
  • 38
    • 84963160070 scopus 로고
    • The numerical simulation of atmospheric gravity currents. Part II. Environments with stable layers
    • Haase, S. P., and R. K. Smith, 1989: The numerical simulation of atmospheric gravity currents. Part II. Environments with stable layers. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 46, 35-51.
    • (1989) Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. , vol.46 , pp. 35-51
    • Haase, S.P.1    Smith, R.K.2
  • 39
    • 0001020116 scopus 로고
    • The Ohio Valley wave-merger cyclogenesis event of 25-26 January 1978. Part I: Multiscale case study
    • Hakim, G. J., L. F. Bosart, and D. Keyser, 1995: The Ohio Valley wave-merger cyclogenesis event of 25-26 January 1978. Part I: Multiscale case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2663-2692.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 2663-2692
    • Hakim, G.J.1    Bosart, L.F.2    Keyser, D.3
  • 40
    • 0001020117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Ohio Valley wavemerger cyclogenesis event of 25-26 January 1978. Part II: Diagnosis using quasigeostrophic potential vorticity inversion
    • _, D. Keyser, and L. F. Bosart, 1996: The Ohio Valley wavemerger cyclogenesis event of 25-26 January 1978. Part II: Diagnosis using quasigeostrophic potential vorticity inversion. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2176-2205.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 2176-2205
    • Keyser, D.1    Bosart, L.F.2
  • 41
    • 0002619660 scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal troughs over Southern Australia. Part I: A climatology
    • Hanstrum, B. N., K. J. Wilson, and S. L. Barrell, 1990a: Prefrontal troughs over Southern Australia. Part I: A climatology. Wea. Forecasting, 5, 22-31.
    • (1990) Wea. Forecasting , vol.5 , pp. 22-31
    • Hanstrum, B.N.1    Wilson, K.J.2    Barrell, S.L.3
  • 42
    • 0008413245 scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal troughs over Southern Australia. Part II: A case study of frontogenesis
    • _,_, and_, 1990b: Prefrontal troughs over Southern Australia. Part II: A case study of frontogenesis. Wea. Forecasting, 5, 32-46.
    • (1990) Wea. Forecasting , vol.5 , pp. 32-46
  • 43
    • 84981588463 scopus 로고
    • Observation of Kelvin-Helmholtz billows and their mesoscale environment by radar, instrumented aircraft, and a dense radiosonde network
    • Hardy, K. R., R. J. Reed, and G. K. Mather, 1973: Observation of Kelvin-Helmholtz billows and their mesoscale environment by radar, instrumented aircraft, and a dense radiosonde network. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 99, 279-293.
    • (1973) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.99 , pp. 279-293
    • Hardy, K.R.1    Reed, R.J.2    Mather, G.K.3
  • 44
    • 0026292631 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting cold-air out-breaks east of the Rocky Mountains
    • Hartjenstein, G., and R. Bleck, 1991: Factors affecting cold-air out-breaks east of the Rocky Mountains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2280-2292.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 2280-2292
    • Hartjenstein, G.1    Bleck, R.2
  • 46
    • 0026283695 scopus 로고
    • TOGA-TAO: A moored array for real-time measurements in the tropical Pacific Ocean
    • Hayes, S. P., L. J. Mangum, J. Picaut, A. Sumi, and K. Takeuchi, 1991: TOGA-TAO: A moored array for real-time measurements in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 339-347.
    • (1991) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.72 , pp. 339-347
    • Hayes, S.P.1    Mangum, L.J.2    Picaut, J.3    Sumi, A.4    Takeuchi, K.5
  • 47
    • 0018694462 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the fate of cold fronts in the Gulf of Mexico
    • Henry, W. K., 1979: Some aspects of the fate of cold fronts in the Gulf of Mexico. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1078-1082.
    • (1979) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.107 , pp. 1078-1082
    • Henry, W.K.1
  • 48
    • 4143072118 scopus 로고
    • Three late spring fronts in the Caribbean
    • _, 1980: Three late spring fronts in the Caribbean. Nat. Wea. Dig., 5(1), 18-24.
    • (1980) Nat. Wea. Dig. , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-24
  • 49
    • 4143097682 scopus 로고
    • Temperature variability and synoptic cold fronts in the winter climate of Mexico
    • Dept. of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    • Hill, J. B., 1969: Temperature variability and synoptic cold fronts in the winter climate of Mexico. Climatological Research Series No. 4, Dept. of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 71 pp.
    • (1969) Climatological Research Series No. 4
    • Hill, J.B.1
  • 51
    • 3643123942 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of cold fronts in Belize
    • Horvath, N. C., and W. K. Henry, 1980: Some aspects of cold fronts in Belize. Nat. Wea. Dig., 5(4), 25-32.
    • (1980) Nat. Wea. Dig. , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 25-32
    • Horvath, N.C.1    Henry, W.K.2
  • 52
    • 0019704940 scopus 로고
    • Winter monsoon convection in the vicinity of North Borneo. Part I: Structure and time variation of the clouds and precipitation
    • Houze, R. A., Jr., S. G. Geotis, F. D. Marks Jr., and A. K. West, 1981: Winter monsoon convection in the vicinity of North Borneo. Part I: Structure and time variation of the clouds and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1595-1614.
    • (1981) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 1595-1614
    • Houze Jr., R.A.1    Geotis, S.G.2    Marks Jr., F.D.3    West, A.K.4
  • 53
    • 0344087803 scopus 로고
    • The Gulf of Mexico - A breeding ground for winter storms
    • Hsu, S. A., 1993: The Gulf of Mexico - A breeding ground for winter storms. Mar. Wea. Log, 37(2), 4-11.
    • (1993) Mar. Wea. Log , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 4-11
    • Hsu, S.A.1
  • 54
    • 0001366298 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic analysis of the superstorm of March 1993
    • Huo, Z., D.-L. Zhang, J. Gyakum, and A. Staniforth, 1995: A diagnostic analysis of the superstorm of March 1993. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1740-1761.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 1740-1761
    • Huo, Z.1    Zhang, D.-L.2    Gyakum, J.3    Staniforth, A.4
  • 55
    • 0000516421 scopus 로고
    • Northers of the Gulf of Tehuantepec
    • Hurd, W. E., 1929: Northers of the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Mon. Wea. Rev., 57, 192-194.
    • (1929) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 192-194
    • Hurd, W.E.1
  • 57
    • 4143141597 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale analysis of a pre-frontal trough in the southern Plains
    • Preprints, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • Hutchinson, T. A., H. B. Bluestein, and K. C. Crawford, 1994: Mesoscale analysis of a pre-frontal trough in the southern Plains. Preprints, Sixth Conf. on Mesoscale Processes, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 292-295.
    • (1994) Sixth Conf. on Mesoscale Processes , pp. 292-295
    • Hutchinson, T.A.1    Bluestein, H.B.2    Crawford, K.C.3
  • 58
    • 0000615389 scopus 로고
    • Gap winds in a fjord. Part I: Observations and numerical simulation
    • Jackson, P. L., and D. G. Steyn, 1994: Gap winds in a fjord. Part I: Observations and numerical simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2645-2665.
    • (1994) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 2645-2665
    • Jackson, P.L.1    Steyn, D.G.2
  • 59
    • 0038853445 scopus 로고
    • Las invasiones de aire frio en los tropicos a sotavento de las Montañas Rocallosas (Inversions of cold air in the Tropics on the lee side of the Rocky Mountains)
    • Klaus, D., 1973: Las invasiones de aire frio en los tropicos a sotavento de las Montañas Rocallosas (Inversions of cold air in the Tropics on the lee side of the Rocky Mountains). Geofis. Int., 13, 99-143.
    • (1973) Geofis. Int. , vol.13 , pp. 99-143
    • Klaus, D.1
  • 60
    • 0020970640 scopus 로고
    • An interactive Barnes objective map analysis scheme for use with satellite and conventional data
    • Koch, S. E., M. DesJardins, and P. J. Kocin, 1983: An interactive Barnes objective map analysis scheme for use with satellite and conventional data. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1487-1503.
    • (1983) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.22 , pp. 1487-1503
    • Koch, S.E.1    DesJardins, M.2    Kocin, P.J.3
  • 62
    • 0000744476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between the intensity of coldair outbreaks and the evolution of synoptic and planetary-scale features over North America
    • Konrad, C. E., II, 1996: Relationships between the intensity of coldair outbreaks and the evolution of synoptic and planetary-scale features over North America. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1067-1083.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 1067-1083
    • Konrad II, C.E.1
  • 63
    • 0024227995 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of an explosively deepening cyclone in the eastern Pacific
    • Kuo, Y.-H., and R. J. Reed, 1988: Numerical simulation of an explosively deepening cyclone in the eastern Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2081-2105.
    • (1988) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 2081-2105
    • Kuo, Y.-H.1    Reed, R.J.2
  • 64
    • 0024856241 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric structure and momentum balance during a gap-wind event in Shelikof Strait, Alaska
    • Lackmann, G. M., and J. E. Overland, 1989: Atmospheric structure and momentum balance during a gap-wind event in Shelikof Strait, Alaska. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1817-1833.
    • (1989) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 1817-1833
    • Lackmann, G.M.1    Overland, J.E.2
  • 65
    • 4143074349 scopus 로고
    • An examination of some indicators of frontal passage in coastal Honduras
    • Ladd, J. W., and W. K. Henry, 1980: An examination of some indicators of frontal passage in coastal Honduras. Nat. Wea. Dig., 5(3), 2-7.
    • (1980) Nat. Wea. Dig. , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 2-7
    • Ladd, J.W.1    Henry, W.K.2
  • 66
    • 0002531056 scopus 로고
    • Planetary scale aspects of the winter monsoon and atmospheric teleconnections
    • C.-P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Eds., Oxford University Press
    • Lau, K.-M., and C.-P. Chang, 1987: Planetary scale aspects of the winter monsoon and atmospheric teleconnections. Monsoon Meteorology. C.-P. Chang and T. N. Krishnamurti, Eds., Oxford University Press, 161-202.
    • (1987) Monsoon Meteorology , pp. 161-202
    • Lau, K.-M.1    Chang, C.-P.2
  • 67
    • 0000562247 scopus 로고
    • A satellite time series of sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, 1982-1986
    • Legeckis, R., 1986: A satellite time series of sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, 1982-1986. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 12 879-12 886.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , pp. 12879-12886
    • Legeckis, R.1
  • 68
    • 84889238497 scopus 로고
    • Upwelling off the Gulfs of Panama and Papagayo in the tropical Pacific during March 1985
    • _, 1988: Upwelling off the Gulfs of Panama and Papagayo in the tropical Pacific during March 1985. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15 485-15 489.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.93 , pp. 15485-15489
  • 69
    • 0346942011 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic and climatological views on rainfall in Central America (especially in El Salvador)
    • Roturua, New Zealand, New Zealand Meteor. Service
    • Lessmann, H., 1964: Synoptic and climatological views on rainfall in Central America (especially in El Salvador). Proc. Symp. on Tropical Meteorology, Roturua, New Zealand, New Zealand Meteor. Service, 295-305.
    • (1964) Proc. Symp. on Tropical Meteorology , pp. 295-305
    • Lessmann, H.1
  • 70
    • 0000514968 scopus 로고
    • A technique for diagnosing three-dimensional ageostrophic circulations in baroclinic disturbances on limited-area domains
    • Loughe, A. F., C.-C. Lai, and D. Keyser, 1995: A technique for diagnosing three-dimensional ageostrophic circulations in baroclinic disturbances on limited-area domains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1476-1504.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 1476-1504
    • Loughe, A.F.1    Lai, C.-C.2    Keyser, D.3
  • 71
    • 0027801068 scopus 로고
    • The structure and evolution of a simulated midlatitude cyclone over land
    • Mass, C. F., and D. M. Schultz, 1993: The structure and evolution of a simulated midlatitude cyclone over land. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 889-917.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 889-917
    • Mass, C.F.1    Schultz, D.M.2
  • 72
    • 0000074431 scopus 로고
    • A windstorm in the lee of a gap in a coastal mountain barrier
    • _, S. Businger, M. D. Albright, and Z. A. Tucker. 1995: A windstorm in the lee of a gap in a coastal mountain barrier. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 315-331.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 315-331
    • Businger, S.1    Albright, M.D.2    Tucker, Z.A.3
  • 73
    • 0027796857 scopus 로고
    • Australian southerly busters. Part II: The dynamical structure of the orographically modified front
    • McBride, J. L., and K. L. McInnes, 1993: Australian southerly busters. Part II: The dynamical structure of the orographically modified front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1921-1935.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 1921-1935
    • McBride, J.L.1    McInnes, K.L.2
  • 74
    • 4143067621 scopus 로고
    • A hot norther and terrific squall in eastern Chiapas-April 6, 1928
    • McBryde, F. W., 1932: A hot norther and terrific squall in eastern Chiapas-April 6, 1928. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 13, 130-131.
    • (1932) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.13 , pp. 130-131
    • McBryde, F.W.1
  • 75
    • 85033179305 scopus 로고
    • Studies in Guatemalan meteorology. Part 1: The climates of southwest Guatemala
    • _, 1942a: Studies in Guatemalan meteorology. Part 1: The climates of southwest Guatemala. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 23, 254-263.
    • (1942) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.23 , pp. 254-263
  • 76
    • 85033172803 scopus 로고
    • Studies in Guatemalan meteorology. Part 2: Weather types in southwest Guatemala
    • _, 1942b: Studies in Guatemalan meteorology. Part 2: Weather types in southwest Guatemala. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 23, 400-406.
    • (1942) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.23 , pp. 400-406
  • 77
    • 0002495403 scopus 로고
    • The response of the coastal ocean to strong offshore winds: With application to circulations in the Gulfs of Tehuantepec and Papagayo
    • McCreary, J. P., Jr., H. S. Lee, and D. B. Enfield, 1989: The response of the coastal ocean to strong offshore winds: With application to circulations in the Gulfs of Tehuantepec and Papagayo. J. Mar. Res., 47, 81-109.
    • (1989) J. Mar. Res. , vol.47 , pp. 81-109
    • McCreary Jr., J.P.1    Lee, H.S.2    Enfield, D.B.3
  • 78
    • 0027799446 scopus 로고
    • Australian southerly busters. Part I: Analysis of a numerically simulated case study
    • McInnes, K. L., and J. L. McBride, 1993: Australian southerly busters. Part I: Analysis of a numerically simulated case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1904-1920.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 1904-1920
    • McInnes, K.L.1    McBride, J.L.2
  • 79
    • 0001003271 scopus 로고
    • Cold surges along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains: Development of a classification scheme
    • Mecikalski, J. R., and J. S. Tilley, 1992: Cold surges along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains: Development of a classification scheme. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 48, 249-271.
    • (1992) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.48 , pp. 249-271
    • Mecikalski, J.R.1    Tilley, J.S.2
  • 80
    • 0027083705 scopus 로고
    • The effect of jet-streak curvature on kinematic fields
    • Moore, J. T., and G. E. VanKnowe, 1992: The effect of jet-streak curvature on kinematic fields. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2429-2441.
    • (1992) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 2429-2441
    • Moore, J.T.1    Vanknowe, G.E.2
  • 82
    • 0000349953 scopus 로고
    • A cold front invasion of southern Venezuela
    • Myers, V. A., 1964: A cold front invasion of southern Venezuela. Mon. Wea. Rev., 92, 513-521.
    • (1964) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.92 , pp. 513-521
    • Myers, V.A.1
  • 83
    • 4143139361 scopus 로고
    • Superstorm of March 1993: March 12-14, 1993
    • U.S. Dept. of Commerce
    • National Weather Service, 1994: Superstorm of March 1993: March 12-14, 1993. Natural Disaster Survey Rep., U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 152 pp.
    • (1994) Natural Disaster Survey Rep.
  • 84
    • 0000149881 scopus 로고
    • Structure and mechanism of the prefrontal squall line
    • Newton, C. W., 1950: Structure and mechanism of the prefrontal squall line. J. Meteor., 7, 210-222.
    • (1950) J. Meteor. , vol.7 , pp. 210-222
    • Newton, C.W.1
  • 85
    • 0343934891 scopus 로고
    • Variations in structure of subtropical current system accompanying a deep polar outbreak
    • _, 1965: Variations in structure of subtropical current system accompanying a deep polar outbreak. Mon. Wea. Rev., 93, 101-110.
    • (1965) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.93 , pp. 101-110
  • 86
    • 0001640663 scopus 로고
    • Rational subdivision of scales for atmospheric processes
    • Orlanski, I., 1975: Rational subdivision of scales for atmospheric processes. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 56, 527-530.
    • (1975) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.56 , pp. 527-530
    • Orlanski, I.1
  • 87
    • 0029529256 scopus 로고
    • Stages in the energetics of baroclinic systems
    • _, and J. P. Sheldon, 1995: Stages in the energetics of baroclinic systems. Tellus, 47A, 605-628.
    • (1995) Tellus , vol.47 A , pp. 605-628
    • Sheldon, J.P.1
  • 88
    • 0019736954 scopus 로고
    • Gap winds in the Strait of Juan de Fuca
    • Overland, J. E., and B. A. Walter Jr., 1981: Gap winds in the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 2221-2233.
    • (1981) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 2221-2233
    • Overland, J.E.1    Walter Jr., B.A.2
  • 89
    • 0345058797 scopus 로고
    • Tropical meteorology
    • T. F. Malone, Ed., Amer. Meteor., Soc.
    • Palmer, C. E., 1951: Tropical meteorology. Compendium of Meteorology, T. F. Malone, Ed., Amer. Meteor., Soc., 859-880.
    • (1951) Compendium of Meteorology , pp. 859-880
    • Palmer, C.E.1
  • 90
    • 0001363587 scopus 로고
    • A "tehuantepecer."
    • Parmenter, F. C., 1970: A "tehuantepecer." Mon. Wea. Rev., 98, 479.
    • (1970) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.98 , pp. 479
    • Parmenter, F.C.1
  • 91
    • 0000378470 scopus 로고
    • A Southern Hemisphere cold front passage at the equator
    • _, 1976: A Southern Hemisphere cold front passage at the equator. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 57, 1435-1440.
    • (1976) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.57 , pp. 1435-1440
  • 94
    • 4143055461 scopus 로고
    • Air masses in Central America
    • Portig, W. H., 1959: Air masses in Central America. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 40, 301-304.
    • (1959) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.40 , pp. 301-304
    • Portig, W.H.1
  • 95
    • 0041538404 scopus 로고
    • Central American rainfall
    • _, 1965: Central American rainfall. Geogr. Rev., 55, 68-90.
    • (1965) Geogr. Rev. , vol.55 , pp. 68-90
  • 99
    • 0000939317 scopus 로고
    • The physical structure of cold filaments near Point Arena, California, during June 1987
    • Ramp, S. R., P. F. Jessen, K. H. Brink, P. P. Niiler, F. L. Daggett, and J. S. Best, 1991: The physical structure of cold filaments near Point Arena, California, during June 1987. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 14 859-14 883.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 14859-14883
    • Ramp, S.R.1    Jessen, P.F.2    Brink, K.H.3    Niiler, P.P.4    Daggett, F.L.5    Best, J.S.6
  • 102
    • 0008021652 scopus 로고
    • Gap winds of the Strait of Juan de Fuca
    • Reed, T. R., 1931: Gap winds of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Mon. Wea. Rev., 59, 373-376.
    • (1931) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.59 , pp. 373-376
    • Reed, T.R.1
  • 103
    • 0002136138 scopus 로고
    • The damming effect of the southern Appalachians
    • Richwien, B. A., 1980: The damming effect of the southern Appalachians. Nat. Wea. Dig., 5(1), 2-12.
    • (1980) Nat. Wea. Dig. , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-12
    • Richwien, B.A.1
  • 105
    • 0001863620 scopus 로고
    • On the wind driven circulation in the Gulf of Tehuantepec and its effect upon surface temperatures
    • Roden, G. I., 1961: On the wind driven circulation in the Gulf of Tehuantepec and its effect upon surface temperatures. Geofis. Int., 1(3), 55-76.
    • (1961) Geofis. Int. , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 55-76
    • Roden, G.I.1
  • 106
    • 0024908087 scopus 로고
    • The formation of internal bores in the atmosphere: A laboratory model
    • Rottman, J. W., and J. E. Simpson, 1989: The formation of internal bores in the atmosphere: A laboratory model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 941-963.
    • (1989) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.115 , pp. 941-963
    • Rottman, J.W.1    Simpson, J.E.2
  • 107
    • 0001098183 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the structure and dynamics of an intense surface frontal zone
    • Sanders, F., 1955: An investigation of the structure and dynamics of an intense surface frontal zone. J. Meteor., 12, 542-552.
    • (1955) J. Meteor. , vol.12 , pp. 542-552
    • Sanders, F.1
  • 108
    • 0029503690 scopus 로고
    • A case for detailed surface analysis
    • _, and C. A. Doswell III, 1995: A case for detailed surface analysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 76, 505-521.
    • (1995) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.76 , pp. 505-521
    • Doswell III, C.A.1
  • 109
    • 0021565832 scopus 로고
    • Doppler radar observation of a landbreeze cold front
    • Schoenberger, L. M., 1984: Doppler radar observation of a landbreeze cold front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2455-2464.
    • (1984) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.112 , pp. 2455-2464
    • Schoenberger, L.M.1
  • 110
    • 2642574682 scopus 로고
    • An overview of a strong winter low in the Gulf of Mexico 12-13 March 1993
    • Schumann, S. A., J. Moser, G. A. Johnson, N. D. Walker, and S. A. Hsu, 1995: An overview of a strong winter low in the Gulf of Mexico 12-13 March 1993. Nat. Wea. Dig., 20, 11-25.
    • (1995) Nat. Wea. Dig. , vol.20 , pp. 11-25
    • Schumann, S.A.1    Moser, J.2    Johnson, G.A.3    Walker, N.D.4    Hsu, S.A.5
  • 111
    • 0021551316 scopus 로고
    • Meteorological tower measurements of a surface cold front
    • Shapiro, M. A., 1984: Meteorological tower measurements of a surface cold front. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1634-1639.
    • (1984) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.112 , pp. 1634-1639
    • Shapiro, M.A.1
  • 113
    • 0030482940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diffraction of Kelvin waves and bores at coastal bends
    • Skamarock, W. C., J. B. Klemp, and R. Rotunno, 1996: The diffraction of Kelvin waves and bores at coastal bends. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1327-1337.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1327-1337
    • Skamarock, W.C.1    Klemp, J.B.2    Rotunno, R.3
  • 114
    • 0024188885 scopus 로고
    • On the movement and lowlevel structure of cold fronts
    • Smith, R. K., and M. J. Reeder, 1988: On the movement and lowlevel structure of cold fronts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1927-1944.
    • (1988) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 1927-1944
    • Smith, R.K.1    Reeder, M.J.2
  • 115
    • 0000801283 scopus 로고
    • Central Australian cold fronts
    • _,_, N. J. Tapper, and D. R. Christie, 1995: Central Australian cold fronts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 16-38.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 16-38
    • Tapper, N.J.1    Christie, D.R.2
  • 117
    • 4143140487 scopus 로고
    • Central America rainfall map
    • Spinden, H. J., 1928: Central America rainfall map. Geogr. Rev., 18, 660-661.
    • (1928) Geogr. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 660-661
    • Spinden, H.J.1
  • 118
    • 4143149214 scopus 로고
    • Satellite detection of upwelling in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico
    • Stumpf, H. G., 1975a: Satellite detection of upwelling in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Mar. Wea. Log, 19, 71-74.
    • (1975) Mar. Wea. Log , vol.19 , pp. 71-74
    • Stumpf, H.G.1
  • 119
    • 0000051681 scopus 로고
    • Satellite detection of upwelling in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico
    • _, 1975b: Satellite detection of upwelling in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 383-388.
    • (1975) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.5 , pp. 383-388
  • 120
    • 0017421729 scopus 로고
    • Satellite observations of mesoscale eddy dynamics in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean
    • _, and R. V. Legeckis, 1977: Satellite observations of mesoscale eddy dynamics in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 648-658.
    • (1977) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.7 , pp. 648-658
    • Legeckis, R.V.1
  • 121
    • 0020969528 scopus 로고
    • McIDAS III: A modern interactive data access and analysis system
    • Suomi, V. E, R. Fox, S. S. Limaye, and W. L. Smith, 1983: McIDAS III: A modern interactive data access and analysis system. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 766-778.
    • (1983) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.22 , pp. 766-778
    • Suomi, V.E.1    Fox, R.2    Limaye, S.S.3    Smith, W.L.4
  • 122
    • 0001205618 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere
    • C. W. Newton, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • Taljaard, J. J., 1972: Synoptic meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere. Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere, C. W. Newton, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 139-213.
    • (1972) Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere , pp. 139-213
    • Taljaard, J.J.1
  • 123
    • 0001908724 scopus 로고
    • A proposed mechanism of squall lines: The pressure jump line
    • Tepper, M., 1950: A proposed mechanism of squall lines: The pressure jump line. J. Meteor., 7, 21-29.
    • (1950) J. Meteor. , vol.7 , pp. 21-29
    • Tepper, M.1
  • 124
    • 17444441220 scopus 로고
    • Offshore wind forcing in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico: The asymmetric circulation
    • Trasviña, A., E. D. Barton, J. Brown, H. S. Velez, P. M. Kosro, and R. L. Smith, 1995: Offshore wind forcing in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico: The asymmetric circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 20 649-20 663.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 20649-20663
    • Trasviña, A.1    Barton, E.D.2    Brown, J.3    Velez, H.S.4    Kosro, P.M.5    Smith, R.L.6
  • 128
    • 0000665193 scopus 로고
    • The coupling of upper and lower tropospheric jet streaks and implications for the development of severe convective storms
    • Uccellini, L. W., and D. R. Johnson, 1979: The coupling of upper and lower tropospheric jet streaks and implications for the development of severe convective storms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 682-703.
    • (1979) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.107 , pp. 682-703
    • Uccellini, L.W.1    Johnson, D.R.2
  • 130
    • 0345381241 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary look at cyclogenesis in Gulf of Mexico during the March 1993 blizzard
    • Walker, N. D., 1993: A preliminary look at cyclogenesis in Gulf of Mexico during the March 1993 blizzard. Mar. Wea. Log, 37(2), 8-9.
    • (1993) Mar. Wea. Log , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 8-9
    • Walker, N.D.1
  • 131
    • 5844420458 scopus 로고
    • The strait surface outflow
    • Wang, D.-P., 1987: The strait surface outflow. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 10 807-10 825.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 10807-10825
    • Wang, D.-P.1
  • 132
    • 4143049823 scopus 로고
    • A brief climatography of Mexico
    • Weatherwise
    • Weatherwise, 1963: A brief climatography of Mexico. Weatherwise, 16, 230-236.
    • (1963) Weatherwise , vol.16 , pp. 230-236
  • 133
    • 4143113094 scopus 로고
    • Superstorm success
    • _, 1995: Superstorm success. Weatherwise, 48(3), 18-24.
    • (1995) Weatherwise , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 18-24
  • 135
    • 0000082657 scopus 로고
    • Surface features of winter monsoon surges over South China
    • Wu, M. C., and J. C. L. Chan, 1995: Surface features of winter monsoon surges over South China. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 662-680.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 662-680
    • Wu, M.C.1    Chan, J.C.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.