A benchmark study of elaboration and sourcing in science stories for eight American newspapers

Journalism and Mass Communication Quaterly

Volumn 76, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 87-98

  Ramsey, Shirley ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0003010970     PISSN: 10776990     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107769909907600107     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. A grant from the University of Oklahoma Research Council provided a research assistant, coders, and subscription to ProQuest for this study.
2. Phillip Tichenor, George A. Donohue, and Clarice N. Olien, Community Conflict and the Press (Beverly Hills: Sage Publishers, 1980).
3. Ramsey found increased conflict, depth, and breadth in media coverage of an innovative area; Shirley Ramsey, "Expanded Science Coverage," Southwestern Mass Communication Journal 5 (fall, winter 1989): 33-40.
4. Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media (New York: Pantheon Books, 1988).
5. Ralph E. Cooley and Deborah A. Roach, "Theoretical Approaches to Communicative Competence," in Competence in Communication: A Multidisciplinary Approach, ed. Robert N. Bostrum (Beverly Hills: Sage Publishers, 1984).
6. Bernstein maintained linguistic coding was what enabled society to exercise control, in terms of "boundary-maintaining procedures." Bernard Bernstein, Class, Codes and Control (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971).
7. Arthur Koestler, The Ghost in the Machine (London, 1967).
8. Ward H. Goodenough, Culture, Language, and Society, 2d ed. (Menlo Park, CA: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co., Inc., 1981), 86.
9. J. H. Altschull, Agents of Power: The Role of the New Media in Human Affairs (New York: Longman, 1984).
10. R. Gordon Shepherd, "Selectivity of Sources: Reporting the Marijuana Controversy," Journal of Communication 31 (spring 1981): 129-37.
11. Allan Mazur, "Media Coverage and Public Opinion on Scientific Controversies," Journal of Communication 31 (spring 1981): 106-115.
12. According to Herman and Chomsky in Manufacturing Consent, the twenty-four top media companies mostly have assets in excess of $1 billion with the median size $2.6 billion.
13. Herman and Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent, 23.
14. John R. Anderson and L.M. Reder, "An Elaborative Processing Explanation of Depth of Processing," in Levels of Processing in Human Memory, ed. L.S. Cermak and F. Q. M. Craik (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1979), 385-403.
15. Katherine Nelson, Structure and Strategy in Learning to Talk, Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, no. 149 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973), 1-135.
16. James E. Grunig, Shirley Ramsey, and Larissa A. Schneider, "An Axiomatic Theory of Cognition and Writing," Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 15 (October 1985): 95-130.
17. H. H. Clark and S. E. Haviland, Content Analysis of Communications (New York: McMillen, 1977).
18. Tichenor, Donohue, and Olien, Community Conflict and the Press.
19. Robert Fowler, B. Hodge, G. Kress, and T. Trew, Language and Control (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979).
20. Shirley Ramsey, Communicative Competence for the Science Interview: Information Brokers and Authority Brokers, Journalism Monographs, no. 107 (Columbia, SC: AEJMC, October 1988). Authority Brokers were more likely to utilize elaborated styles of writing in presenting their stories about science than were Information Brokers. Also, Authority Brokers appeared to be more centrally placed in terms of systems development than were Information Brokers. Innovation or change appeared to accelerate nominating behavior of writers and sources, while maturity in the system tended to encourage gatekeeping behaviors of writers.
21. Tichenor, Donohue, and Olien, Community Conflict and the Press.
22. Ramsey, "Expanded Science Coverage."
23. Ramsey, "Expanded Science Coverage."
24. Shirley Ramsey, "Science and technology: When do they become front page news?" Public Understanding of Science 3 (January 1994): 71-82.
25. Herman and Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent.
26. Misha Nedeljkovich and Shirley Ramsey, "Issues in International TV-News: Gender Competency in Spokespersons" (paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Association for Mass Communication Research, Sydney, Australia, August 1996).
27. ProQuest (Ann Arber, MI: University Microfilm, Inc., 1991-1996).
28. Ole R. Holsti, Content Analysis for the Social Sciences and Humanities (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1969).
29. U.S. Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States (Lanham, MD: Bernan Press, 1995).