Thermal stabilization of acrylic precursors for the production of carbon fibers: An overview

Journal of Macromolecular Science - Reviews in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 97-147

  Bajaj, P ^a   Roopanwal, A K ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DELHI   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002994722     PISSN: 07366574     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15321799708014734     Document Type: Review

References (157)

1. M. K. Towne and M. B. Dowell, Mod. Text., p. 51 (May, 1976).
2. G. Doray, J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 20, 245 (1987).
3. E. Fitzer, Carbon, 27, 621 (1989).
4. D. J. Johnson, Carbon fibres filaments and composites, NATO ASI Ser. E, Appl. Sci., 177, 119 (1989).
5. G. Savage, Carbon-Carbon Composites, Chapman & Hall, London, 1993.
6. J. B. Donnet and R. C. Bansal, Carbon Fibers, 2nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1990.
7. Deborah D. L. Chung, Carbon Fibre Composites, Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, 1994.
8. W. Watt, Carbon, 10, 121 (1972).
9. P. J. Goodhew, A. I. Clarke, and J. E. Bailey, Mater. Sci. Eng., 17, 3 (1975).
10. P. E. Morgan, Textile Prog., 8, 69 (1976).
11. S. B. Warner, D. R. Uhlmann, and L. H. Peebles, Jr., J. Mater. Sci., 14, 556, 565, 1893 (1979).
12. D. J. Johnson, in Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, Vol. 20, (P. A. Thrower, ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986.
13. M. K. Jain, M. Balasubramanian, P. Desai, and A. S. Abhiraman, J. Mater. Sci., 22, 301 (1987).
14. J. D. H. Hughes, J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., 20, 276 (1987).
15. E. Fitzer and W. Frohs, Chem. Eng. Technol., 13, 41 (1990).
16. A. K. Gupta, D. K. Paliwal, and P. Bajaj, JMS-Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., C31(1), 1 (1991).
17. Z. Bashir, Carbon, 29(8), 1081 (1991).
18. M. G. Dunham and D.D. Edie, Ibid., 30(3), 435 (1992).
19. E. Fitzer and D. J. Muller, Makromol. Chem., 144, 117 (1971).
20. O. P. Bahl and L. M. Manocha, Angew. Makromol. Chem., 48, 145 (1975).
21. A. Takaku, S. Teri, F. Taga, N. Okui, and J. Shimizu, Sen-i-Gakkashi, 38, T398 (1982).
22. H. M. Ezekiel and R. G. Spain, J. Polym. Sci., Pt. C, 19, 249 (1967).
23. N. Grassie and R. McGuchan, Eur. Polym. J., 7, 1357 (1971).
24. H. Kakida, Polym. Preprints (Japan), Eng. ed., 41(2), (1992).
25. J. N. Hay, J. Polym. Sci., A-1, 6, 2127 (1968).
26. G. H. Olive and S. Olive, Adv. Polym. Sci., 51, 1 (1983).
27. M. Minagawa, M. Okamoto, and O. Ishizuka, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chy. Ed., 16, 3031 (1978).
28. E. Fitzer and D. J. Muller, Carbon, 13, 63 (1975).
29. T. Mueller, Int. Fibre J., 3, 46 (1988).
30. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 62,231,026 (1987) and JP 62,231,026 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 108, 7437e and 7438j (1988).
31. Mitsubishi Rayon Co., JP 63,275,714, JP 63,275,715 & 716; Chem. Abstr. 110, 59452s, 59453t & 59454u (1989).
32. Miraubiahi K. K., JP 04,91,230 (1992); Chem. Abstr., 117, 50656y (1992).
33. Toray Industries Inc., JP 03,64,514 (1991); Chem. Abstr., 115, 10759m (1991).
34. Asahi Chemicals Ltd., JP 05,05,244 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 118, 235876j (1993).
35. Toray Industries, EP 223,199 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 107, 135787k (1987).
36. Toray Industries, JP 58,214,526 & JP 58,214,534 (1983); Chem. Abstr., 100, 158126p & 157651u (1984).
37. (a) Asahi Chemical Industries, JP 61,119,712 (1986); Chem. Abstr., 105, 116461s (1986).
38. (b) Toray Industries, JP 04,240,221 (1992); Chem. Abstr., 118, 23687y (1993).
39. (c) Toray Industries Inc., JP 02,14,012 (1990); Chem. Abstr., 112, 218688h (1990).
40. (d) Toray Industries Inc., JP 04,333,620 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 118, 170926d (1993).
41. (a) Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 04,240,220 (1992); Chem. Abstr., 118, 8260k (1993).
42. (b) Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., US 4,695,415 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 108, 232639 (1988).
43. (a) Ger. D. D. 288,407 (1991); Chem. Abstr., 115, 310,36 (1991).
44. (b) Nikkiso Co. Ltd., JP 63,264,919 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 110, 97075d (1989).
45. Mitsubishi Rayon Co., JP 05,132,813 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 119, 162311e (1993).
46. (a) Mitsubishi Rayon Co., JP 05,140,821 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 119, 141109e (1993).
47. (b) Mitsubishi Rayon Co., JP 02,139,425 (1990); Chem. Abstr., 113, 134101u (1990).
48. J. S. Tsai and C. H. Lin, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 9, 869 (1990).
49. N. Grassie and R. McGuchan, Eur. Polym. J., 8, 257, 865 (1972).
50. J. S. Tsai and C. H. Lin, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 43, 679 (1991).
51. P. Bajaj and M. Padmanabhan, Eur. Polym. J., 21(1), 93 (1985).
52. M. M. Coleman and G. T. Sivy, Carbon, 19, 123 (1981).
53. T. Mikolajczyk and I. Krucinska, Text. Res. J., 59(9), 536 (1989).
54. T. Mikolajczyk, I. Krucinska, and K. Kamecka-Jedrzejczak, Ibid., 59(10), 557 (1989).
55. T. Mikolajczyk, I. Krucinska, and K. Kamecka-Jedrzejczak, Text. Res. J., 59(11), 665 (1989).
56. N. Grassie and R. McGuchan, Eur. Polym. J., 7, 1091 (1971).
57. M. Minagawa, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 18, 2307 (1980).
58. C. S. H. Chen, N. Calthrup, W. Deichest, and R. L. Webb, J. Polym. Sci., 45, 247 (1960).
59. C. A. Lenin and G. H. Harris, Ibid., 62, 100 (1962).
60. L. Patron and U. Bastianelli, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Polym. Symp., 25, 105 (1974).
61. O. V. Zhidkova, I. N. Andreeva, M. B. Radishevskie, A. T. Serkov, A. T. Kalashnik, and A. T. Chichinova, Khim. Volokna, (5), 25, (1993). Russ.; Chem. Abstr., 120 193911a (1994).
62. O. V. Zhidkova, I. N. Andreeva, M. B. Radishevskie, A. T. Serkov, A. T. Kalashnik, and A. T. Chichinova, Khim. Volokna, (5), 25, (1993). Russ.; Chem. Abstr., 120 193911a (1994).
63. I. B. Klimenko, N. V. Platonova, B. M. Tarakanov, and S. P. Maiburov, Khim. Volokna, (6), 20 (1993) Russ, Chem. Abstr., 120, 193912b (1994).
64. I. B. Klimenko, N. V. Platonova, B. M. Tarakanov, and S. P. Maiburov, Khim. Volokna, (6), 20 (1993) Russ, Chem. Abstr., 120, 193912b (1994).
65. M. M. Coleman, G. T. Sivy, P. C. Painter, R. W. Synder, and B. Gordon III, Carbon, 21, 255 (1983).
66. S. S. Chen, J. Herms, L. H. Peebles, and D. R. Uhlmann, J. Mater. Sci., 16, 1490 (1981).
67. G. J. Capone, Wet Spinning technology, p. 69, in Acrylic Fiber Tech. and Appl. (J. C. Masson, ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.
68. S. K. Atureliya and Z. Bashir, Polymer, 34(24), 5116 (1993).
69. (a) Asahi Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., JP 61,138,712 (1986); Chem. Abstr., 106(10), 68659 (1987).
70. (b) A. N. Doronin and G. G. Muntyanu, Zh. Anal. Khim. 39(4), 607 (1984).
71. S. Jin, P. Ding, and J. B. Wu, Zhong guo Fangzhi Daxue Xuebo, 6, 1 (1990).
72. Toray Industries, JP 58,214,521 (1983); Chem. Abstr., 100, 140728b (1984).
73. Kuraray Co. Ltd., JP 62,28,407 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 106, 139755a (1987).
74. Toray Industries, JP 06,57,524 (1994); Chem. Abstr., 121, 37556d (1994).
75. M. R. Padhye and A. V. Karandikar, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 33, 1675 (1987).
76. G. C. East, J. E. McIntyre, and G. C. Patel, J. Text. Inst., 75(3), 196 (1984).
77. Q. Baojin, P. Ding, and W. Zhengiou, Adv. Polym. Technol., 6, 509 (1986).
78. Toyobo Co. Ltd., JP 60,94,613 (1985).
79. D. D. Edie, N. K. Fox, B. C. Barnett, and C. C. Fain, Carbon, 24(4), 477 (1986).
80. R. B. Mathur, O. P. Bahl, V. K. Malta, and K. C. Nagpal, Ibid., 26(3), 295 (1988).
81. O. P. Bahl, R. B. Mathur, and T. L. Dhami, Mater. Sci. Eng., 73, 105 (1985).
82. J. S. Tsai, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 11, 140 (1992).
83. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 63,35,820 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 109, 7937p (1988).
84. T. Mikolajczyk and J. Kamecka, Polimery, 36(10), 384 (1991).
85. JP 62,299,509 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 108, 152062h (1988).
86. Ger. DD 279,275 (1990); Chem. Abstr., 114, 124495g (1991).
87. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 63,275,713 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 110, 594584 (1988).
88. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 63,249,715 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 110, 59442p (1988).
89. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 255,109 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 109, 7918h (1988).
90. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 63,66,317 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 109, 39349q (1988).
91. Toray Industries, JP 05,263,313 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 120, 136970v (1994).
92. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 05,272,005 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 120, 136970d (1994).
93. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 05,239,712 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 120, 79350s (1994).
94. Toho Rayon Co. Ltd., Ger. Offen. DE 3,726,211 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 109, 7920c (19??).
95. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 04,281,008 (1993); Chem. Abstr., 118, 61458g (1993).
96. (87. Toray Industries, JP 06,184,830 (1994); Chem. Abstr., 122, 108534d (1995).
97. I. N. Ermolenko, I. P. Lyubliner, and N. V. Gulko, in Chemically Modified Carbon Fibres and Their Applications, (translated by E. P. Titovets) VCH, Germany, 1990, Chapter 5, p. 153.
98. I. Mladenov, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 21, 1223 (1983).
99. D. E. Cagliostro, Textile Res. J., 50, 632 (1980).
100. (a) Kanebo Ltd., JP 04,119,127 (1992); Chem. Abstr., 117, 132827u (1992).
101. (b) P. Brake, H. Schuvmus, and J. Verhoest, Inorg. Fibers and Composites, Pergamon Press, New York, 1984.
102. Toray Industries, JP 04,214,414 (1992); Chem. Abstr., 118, 82738p (1992).
103. S. Kenjeand H. Ogawa, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 7, 745 (1992).
104. H. Wang, Int. SAMPE Tech. Conf., 19, 729 (1987).
105. R. B. Mathur, O. P. Bahl, and J. Mittal, Carbon, 30(4), 657 (1992).
106. T. H. Ko and C. H. Lin, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 7, 628 (1988).
107. J. Li, D. Pan, and Z. Wu, J. China Textile Univ. (Eng. Ed.), 7(4), 13 (1990).
108. R. B. Mathur, O. P. Bahl, and N. K. Sandle, Carbon, 30(4), 657 (1992).
109. T. H. Ko and L. C. Huang, J. Mater. Sci., 27, 2429 (1992).
110. R. B. Mathur, J. Mittal, O. P. Bahl, and N. K. Sandle, Carbon, 32(1), 71 (1994).
111. R. B. Mathur, O. P. Bahl, and J. Mittal, Composites Sci. Tech., 51, 223 (1994).
112. T. H. Ko, P. Chiranairadul, H. Y. Ting, and C. H. Lin, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 37, 541 (1989).
113. T. H. Ko and L. C. Huang, J. Mater. Sci., 27, 2429 (1992).
114. K. Saito and H. Ogawa, Int. SAMPE Symp. Exhibit., 31, 1657 (1986).
115. V. Surmadzhieva and P. Mikhailova, Khim. Volokna, 5, 48 (1991) Russ.
116. Toray Industries, JP 63,165,585 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 109, 212310v (1988).
117. Nikkiso Co. Ltd., JP 01,77,619 (1989); Chem. Abstr., 111, 116747p (1989).
118. J. Simitzis, Kern tech, 38(3), 205 (1981); Ger. Chem. Abstr., 95, 82281r (1981).
119. L. Mascio and E. G. Paxton, Thermochim. Acta, 184(2), 251 (1991).
120. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 03,174,019 (1991); Chem. Abstr., 115, 258219z (1991).
121. Toray Industries, JP 02,264,011 ( 1990); Chem. Abstr., 114, 166262j (1990).
122. R. B. Mathur, J. Mittal, and O. P. Bahl, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 49, 469 (1993).
123. R. B. Mathur, O. P. Bahl, and K. D. Kundra, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 5, 757 (1986).
124. J. Li, D. Pan, W. Pan, and Z. Wu, Zhong. Fang. Daxue. Xuebae (Ch.) 16, 147 (1990).
125. E. Fitzer, W. Frohs, and M. Heine, Carbon, 24(4), 387 (1986).
126. O. P. Bahl and L. M. Manocha, Carbon, 13, 297 (1975).
127. M. M. Coleman and R. J. Petcavich, J. Polym. Sci., Poly. Chy. Ed., 16, 821 (1978).
128. V. Raskovic and S. Marinkovic, Carbon, 13, 535 (1975) and 16, 351 (1978).
129. V. Raskovic and S. Marinkovic, Carbon, 13, 535 (1975) and 16, 351 (1978).
130. S. Marinkovic, V. Raskovic, S. Pejanovic, and V. Paviovic, Hem. Ind., 41(8), 301 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 108, 7395 (1988).
131. S. Marinkovic, V. Raskovic, S. Pejanovic, and V. Paviovic, Hem. Ind., 41(8), 301 (1987); Chem. Abstr., 108, 7395 (1988).
132. S. Blazewicz, Carbon, 27(6), 777 (1989).
133. G. S. Bhat, L. H. Peebles, Jr., A. S. Abhiraman, and F. L. Cook, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 49, 2207 (1993).
134. G. S. Bhat, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 67, 395 (1992).
135. Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., JP 63,99,316 and JP 63,99,317 (1988); Chem. Abstr., 109(20), 172051 and 172052 (1988).
136. M. K. Jain and A. S. Abhiraman, J. Mater. Sci., 22, 278 (1987).
137. M. Balasubramanian, M. K. Jain, S. K. Bhattacharya, and A. S. Abhiraman, Ibid., 22, 3864 (1987).
138. K. Morita, Y. Murata, A. Ishitani, K. Murayama, T. Ono, and A. Nakayama, Pure Appl. Chem., 58, 455 (1986).
139. B. Kaesche-Krischer, Chem. Ing. Techn., 37, 944 (1965).
140. I. Shimada, T. Takahagi, M. Fukuhara, K. Morita, and A. Ishitani, J. Polym. Sci., Part A, Polym. Chem., 24, 1989 (1986).
141. A. E. Standage and R. D. Matkowsky, Ew. Polym. J., 7, 775 (1971).
142. G. Hinrichsen, J. Appl. Poly. Sci., 17, 3305 (1973).
143. P. Bajaj and A. K. Roopanwal, Polym. Sci., 1, 368 (1994).
144. L. H. Peebles, Carbon Fibres: Formation, Structure and Properties, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995.
145. V. Ya Varshavskii, Fibre Chem., 26(1), 17 (Sept. 1994).
146. A. Takaku, T. Hashimoto, and T. Miyoshi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 30, 1565 (1985).
147. A. Takaku, S. Terui, F. Taga, N. Okui, and J. Shimizu, Sen-i-Cakkaishi, 38, T-398 (1982).
148. M. Lee and K. Miyasaka, Sen-i-Gakkaishi, 46(7), T263 (1990).
149. S. Damodaran, P. Desai, and A. S. Abhiraman, J. Text. Inst., 81(4), 384 (1990).
150. W. Pinghua, L. Jie, Y. Zhongraen, and L. Rengyuan, Carbon, 30(1), 113 (1992).
151. Z. Genxlang and T. Kun, Gaofenzi Xuebao, (5), 549 (1993) Ch. Chem. Abstr., 122, 163316j (1995).
152. Z. Genxlang and T. Kun, Gaofenzi Xuebao, (5), 549 (1993) Ch. Chem. Abstr., 122, 163316j (1995).
153. S. K. Mukhopadhyay and Y. Zhu, Textile Res. J., 65(1), 25 (1995).
154. M. Shioya and A. Takaku, Tanso, 139, 189 (1989) Japan, Chem. Abstr., 113, 80372n (1990).
155. M. Shioya and A. Takaku, Tanso, 139, 189 (1989) Japan, Chem. Abstr., 113, 80372n (1990).
156. J. S. Tsai, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 13(20), 1448 (1994).
157. M. K. Jain and A. S. Abhiraman, J. Mater Sci., 18, 179 (1983).