Immiscible microdisplacement and ganglion dynamics in porous media

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 1984, Pages 85-174

  Payatakes, A C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002749537     PISSN: 01678299     EISSN: 21910235     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/REVCE.1984.2.2.85     Document Type: Article

References (227)

1. A. Abrams, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 15,437-447 (1975).
2. D.J. Adams and A. J. Matheson, J. Chem., Phys. 56,1989-1994 (1972).
3. A. Arriola, G. P. Willhite and D. W. Green, Soc. Pet. Eng J. 23,99-114 (1983).
4. P.T. Bül,Prod. Monthly, 21(7), 20-27 (1956).
5. J.P. Batycky and A. K. Singhai, “Mobilization of Entrapped Ganglia”, Petroleum Recovery Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Res. Rept. RR-35, Oct. (1977).
6. A.L. Benham and R. W. Olson, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 3, 138-144(1963).
7. R.J. Blackwell, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 2,1-8 (1962).
8. R.J. Blackwell, J. R. Rayne and W. M. Terry, Trans. AIME, 217, 1-8 (1959).
9. T.D. Blake, D. H. Everett and J. M. Haynes, Soc. Chem., Ind. London, Monograph No. 25,164-173 (1967).
10. T.D. Blake and J. M. Haynes, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 30, 421-423 (1969).
11. R.L. Blumberg, G. Shlifer and H. E. Stanley, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 13, L 147-L152(1980).
12. J. Bonnet and R. Lenormand, Revue de l'Inst. Franc, du Pet. 32, 477-480 (1977).
13. F.P. Bretherton, J. Fluid Mech. 10, 166-188 (1961).
14. S.R. Broadbent and J. M. Hammersley, Proc. Camb. Phil Soc, 53, 629-641 (1957).
15. S.E. Buckley and M. C. Leverett, Trans. AIME, 146, 107-116 (1942).
16. J.B. Cain, D. W. Francis, R. D. Venter and A. W. Newman, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 94,123-130(1983).
17. R. Chandler, J. Koplik, K. Lerman and J. F. Willemsen,J. Fluid Mech. 119,249-267(1982).
18. A. Chatenever and J. C. Calhoun, Trans. AIME, 195, 149-156 (1952).
19. I. Chatzis and F. A. L. Dullien, Powder Technol, 29, 117-125 (1981).
20. I. Chatzis and F. A. L. Dullien, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 91, 199-222 (1983).
21. I. Chatzis, N. R. Morrow and H. T. Um, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 23,311-326 (1983).
22. J.D. Chen and J. C. Slattery, Aichej. 28,955-963 (1982).
23. R.L. Chuoke, P. van Meurs and C. van der Poel, Trans. AIME, 216, 188-194(1959).
24. E.L. Claridge, S. Pet. Eng. J. 12,352-361 (1972).
25. B.F. Cox, J. Fluid Mech. 14,81-96 (1965).
26. F.F. Craig Jr. “The Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Waterflooding”, SPE of AIME Monograph, Dallas, Texas (1971).
27. J.A. Davis and S. C. Jones, J. Pet. Technol., 20, 1415-1428 (1968).
28. P.G. de Gennes and E. Guyon, J. de Mecanique, 17, 403-432 (1978).
29. S. Debbas and H. Rumpf, Chem., Eng. Sci, 21, 583-607 (1966).
30. M.M. Dias, Formation and Dynamics of Oil Ganglia in Porom Media, Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas (1984).
31. M.M. Dias and A. C. Payatakes, “Immiscible Microdisplacement of Non-Wetting Fluids in Porous Media”, to appear.
32. M.M. Dias and A. C. Payatakes, “Network Analysis of the Dynamic Motion of Ganglia in Porous Media”, to appear.
33. E.C. Donaldson, P. B. Lorenz and R. D. Thomas, Soc. Pet. Eng. Paper No. 1562, 41st Annual SPE Fall Meeting, Dallas, Oct. 2-5 (1966).
34. E.L. Dougherty, Soc Pet. Eng. J. 3,155-163 (1963).
35. F.A.L. Dullien and G. K. Dhawan, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 47, 337-349 (1974).
36. F.A.L. Dullien and G. K. Dhawan, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 52, 129-135 (1975).
37. F.A.L. Dullien and P. N. Mehta, Powder Technol., 5, 179-193 (1971/ 72).
38. E.B. Dussan V. J. Fluid Mech. 77, 665-684 (1976).
39. E.B. Dussan V. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11, 371-400 (1979).
40. E.B. Dussan V. and S. H. Davis, J. Fluid Mech. 65, 71-95 (1974).
41. E.O. Egbogah and R. A. Dawe, Bull. Can. Pet. Technol. 28, 200-210 (1980).
42. R. Ehrlich and F. E. Crane, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 9, 221-231 (1969).
43. G.E.P. Elliot and A. C. Riddiford, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 23, 389-398 (1967).
44. W.F. Engelberts and L. J. Klinkenberg, “Laboratory Experiments on the Displacement of Oil by Water from Packs of Granular Materials”, Proc. Third World Pet. Congress, The Hague, Part II, p. 544 (1951).
45. J.W. Essam, Rep. Prog. Phys. 43, 833-912 (1980).
46. R.E. Ewing and T. F. Russell, SIAMJ. Numer. Anal, 19,1-67(1982).
47. F. Fairbrother and A. E. Stubbs, J. Chem., Soc, 1, 527-529 (1935).
48. I. Fatt, Trans. AIME, 207,144-159 (1956).
49. I. Fatt, Trans. AIME, 207,160-163 (1956).
50. I. Fatt, Trans. AIME, 207,164-181 (1956).
51. L.R. Fisher and P. D. Lark, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 69, 486-492 (1979).
52. P.D. Fleming, III, C. P. Thomas and W. K. Winter, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 21,63-76(1981).
53. R.W. Flumerfelt, A. B. Catalano and C-H. Tong, “On the Coalescence Characteristics of Low Tension Oil-Water-Surfactant Systems”, in Surface Phenomena in Enlunced Oil Recovery, Shah, D. ed. pp. 571-594, Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York (1981).
54. R.W. Flumerfelt, J. P. Oppenheim and J. R. Son, AIChE Symp. Ser. 78,113-126(1982).
55. D.J. Fontugne, Permeability Measurements in Anisotropic Media, M. S. Thesis, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York (1969).
56. D.J. Fontugne, P. A. Rice, R. G. Latini and A. Barduhn, Ind. Eng. Chem., 62(6), 23-31 (1970).
57. H.L. Frisch and J. M. Hammersley, J. Soc. Ind. Appl Math. 11, 894-918(1963).
58. D.H. Gaucher and D. C. Lindley, Trans. AIME, 219, 208-219 (1960).
59. J. Geertsma, G. A. Croes and N. Schwarz, Trans. AIME, 207, 118-127 (1956).
60. T.M. Geffen, W. W. Owens, D. R. Parrish and R. A. Morse, Trans. AIME, 192,99-110(1951).
61. R.D. Gillete and D. C. Dyson, Arch. Rational Mech Analysis, 53, 150-177(1974).
62. R.M. Giordano and J. C. Slattery,J. Colloid Interface Sci. 92, 13-24 (1983).
63. J. Glimm, D. Marchesin and O. Mcbryan, Commun. Math. Phys. 74,1-13(1980).
64. H.L. Goldsmith and S. G. Mason,J. Colloid Sci, 18, 237-261 (1963).
65. S.B. Gorell and G. M. Homsy, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 43, 79-98 (1983).
66. S.L. Goren,J. Fluid Mech. 12, 309-319 (1962).
67. B. Habermann, Trans. AIME, 219, 264-272 (1960).
68. W.B. Haines, J. Agricult. Sci, 20,97-116 (1930).
69. A.C. Hall, S. H. Collins and J. C. Melrose, Soc. Pet. Eng J. 23, 249-258(1983).
70. P.S. Hammond, “Non-linear Adjustment of a Thin Annular Film of Viscous Fluid Surrounding a Thread of Another within a Circular Cylindrical Pipe”,J. Fluid Mech. 137, 363-384 (1983).
71. P.S. Hammond, “Non-Linear Adjustment of an Annular Film of Viscous Fluid within an Axisymmetric Constricted Pipe”, J. Fluid Mech. to be submitted.
72. L.L. Handy and P. Datta, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 6,261-266 (1966).
73. R.N. Healy and R. L. Reed, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 14, 491-501 (1974).
74. R.N. Healy, R. L. Reed and C. W. Carpenter, Soc. Pet. Eng J. 15, 87-103(1975).
75. R.N. Healy, R. L. Reed and D. G. Stenmark, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 16, 147-160(1976).
76. F.G. Helfferich, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 21, 51-62 (1981).
77. J.P. Heller, Aichej. 9,452-459 (1963).
78. J.P. Heller, Soil Sci. Soc. Am Proc, 32, 778-786 (1968).
79. R. Hinkley, Oil Ganglion Motion, M. S. Thesis, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas (1982).
80. R. Hinkley, M. M. Dias and A. C. Payatakes, “On the Motion of Oil Ganglia in Porous Media”, to appear.
81. L.M. Hocking, J. Fluid Mech. 76, 801-817 (1976).
82. L.M. Hocking, J. Fluid Mech. 79, 209-229 (1977).
83. R.L. Hoffman, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 50, 228-241 (1975).
84. L.W. Holm and V. A. Josendal, J. Pet. Technol, Tram. AIME, 257, 1427-1438(1974).
85. A. Houpeurt, Chronique HydrogeoL, 12,227-229(1969).
86. M.K. Hubbert,J. Geology, 43, 785-944 (1940).
87. C. Huh and S. G. Mason, J. Fluid Mech, 81, 401-419 (1977).
88. C. Huh and L. E. Scriven, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 35, 85-101 (1971).
89. J. Jamin, CR.H. Acad. Sci, 50, 172-176 (1860).
90. C. Jacquin and B. Legait, “Influence of Capillary and Viscosity During Spontaneous Imbibition in Porous Media and in Capillaries”, to appear.
91. E.F. Johnson, D. P. Bossler and V. O. Naumann, Trans. AIME, 216, 370-372(1959).
92. J. Jones-Parra and J. C. Calhoun, Jr. Trans. AIME, 198, 335-338 (1953).
93. G. Josselin de Jong, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 39, 67-74 (1958).
94. F.Y. Kafka and E. B. Dussan V.J. Fluid Mech, 95, 539-565 (1979).
95. J. Koplik, J. Fluid Mech. 119,219-247 (1982).
96. J. Koplik and T. J. Lasseter, Soc. Pet. Eng. Paper No. 11014, 57th Annual Tech. Conf. and Exhib. of SPE, New Orleans, Sept. 26-29 (1982).
97. E.J. Koval, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 3,145-154(1963).
98. W.G. Laidlaw and N. C. Wardlaw, “A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Trapping in Pore Doublets”, Can. J. Chem., Eng. in press.
99. R.G. Larson, H. T. Davis and L. E. Scriven, Chem., Eng. Sci, 36, 75-85 (1981).
100. R.G. Larson, L. E. Scriven and H. T. Davis, Nature, 268, 409-413 (1977).
101. R.G. Larson, L. E. Scriven and H. T. Davis, Chem., Eng. Sci, 36, 57-73 (1981).
102. M.P. Leach and W. F. Yellig, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 21, 89-97 (1981).
103. E.J. Lefebvre du Prey, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 13, 39-47 (1973).
104. B. Legait, “Rupture, en Ecoulement Capillaire Diphasique, de La Phase Non Mouillante Lors du Passage par un Retrecissement”, Inst. Francais du Pet, Ref. 29 142, Mai (1981).
105. B. Legait, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci Paris, 292, Ser. II, 1111-1114 (1981).
106. B. Legait and C. Jacquin, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci Paris, 294, Ser. II, 487-492 (1982).
107. R. Lenormand and S. Bories, CR. Acad. Sc. Paris, 291, Ser. B, 279-282(1980).
108. S.H. Leventhal, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 20,120-128 (1980).
109. M.C. Leverett, Trans. AIME, 132, 149-171 (1938).
110. M.C. Leverett, Trans. AIME, 142,152-169 (1941).
111. M.C. Leverett, W. B. Lewis and M. E. True, Trans. AIME, 146, 175-193(1942).
112. J.S. Levine, Trans. AIME, 201, 57-66 (1954).
113. C. Lin and M. H. Cohen, J. AppL Phys. 53, 4152-4165 (1982).
114. C. Lin and J. Hamasaki, J. Sed. Petrol, 53, 670-672 (1983).
115. P. Loetstedt, J. Comput. Phys. 47, 211-228 (1982).
116. J. Lowndes, J. Fluid Mech. 101, 631-646 (1980).
117. E.G. Mähers, R. J. Wright and R. A. Dawe, “Visualization of the Behavior of EOR Reagents in Displacement in Porous Media”, (1981) European Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Bournemouth, England, 16 pp. Sept. 21-23 (1981).
118. R.H. Marchessault and S. G. Mason,Ind Eng. Chem., 52,79-84 (1960).
119. R.F. Mast and P. E. Potter, J. Geology, 71, 548-565 (1963).
120. C.C. Mattax and J. R. Kyte, Oil and Gas J. 59, 115-128, Oct. 16 (1961).
121. M. Mckellar and N. C. Wardlaw, J. Can. Pet. Technol, 21, 39-41 (1982).
122. J.W. Mclean and P. G. Saffman,J. Fluid Mech. 102, 455-469 (1981).
123. J.C. Melrose, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 5, 259-271 (1965).
124. J.C. Melrose, Ind. Eng. Chem., 60, 53-70 (1968).
125. J.C. Melrose, Can. J. Chem., Engrg. 48, 54-62 (1970).
126. J.C. Melrose and C. F. Brandner, Can. J. PetroL Tech. 13(3), 54-62 (1974).
127. J.C.S. Meng and J. A. L. Thomson, J. Fluid Mech, 84,433-453 (1978).
128. J. Meseguer, J Fluid Mech. 130,123-151 (1983).
129. R.S. Metcalfe and L. Yarborough, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 19, 242-252 (1979).
130. D.H. Michael, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech, 13,189-215 (1981).
131. A.S. Michaels, A. Stancell and M. C. Porter, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 4, 231-239 (1964).
132. T. Mikami, R. G. Cox and S. G. Mason, Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 2, 113-138(1975).
133. E.E. Miller and R. D. Miller, J. Appl. Phys. 27, 324-332 (1956).
134. K. Mohanty, H. T. Davis and L. E. Scriven, Soc Pet. Eng. Paper No. 9406, Dallas, Texas (1980).
135. T.F. Moore, Prod. Monthly, 21(2), 37-38 (1956).
136. T.F. Moore and R. L. Slobod, Prod Monthly, 20(10), 20-30 (1956).
137. N. Morrow, J. Can. Pet. Technol, 14(4), 42-53 (1975).
138. N. Morrow, J. Can. Pet. Technol, 18(3), 35-46 (1979).
139. N. Mungan, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 6,247-253 (1966).
140. K.M. Ng, Oil Ganglion Dynamics in Flow Through Porous Media, Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas (1980).
141. K.M. Ng, H. T. Davis and L. E. Scriven, Chem., Eng. Sci, 33, 1009-1017(1978).
142. K.M. Ng and A. C. Payatakes, Aichej. 26, 419-429 (1980).
143. C.W. Nutt, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 382, 115-178 (1982).
144. S.G. Oh and J. C. Slattery, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 19, 83-96 (1979).
145. E. Ojeda, F. Preston and J. C. Calhoun, Jr. Prod. Monthly, 18(12), 20-29 (1953).
146. W.L. Olbricht and L. G. Leal, J. Fluid Mech, 115, 187-216 (1982).
147. W.L. Olbricht and L. G. Leal, “The Creeping Motion of Immiscible Drops through a Converging-Diverging Tube”,J. Fluid Mech, 134, 329-355(1983).
148. J.P. Oppenheim, Film Drainage: A Mathematical Model, Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas (1983).
149. F.M. Orr, Jr. A.D. Yu and C. L. Lien, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 21, 480-492 (1981).
150. J.S. Osoba, J. G. Richardson, J. K. Kerver, J. A. Hafford and P. M. Blair, Trans. AIME, 192,47-56(1951).
151. H.D. Outmans, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 2, 165-176(1962).
152. L. Paterson, J Fluid Meck, 113, 513-529 (1981).
153. A.C. Payatakes, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 14, 365-393 (1982).
154. A.C. Payatakes and M. A. Neira, Aichej. 23,922-930 (1977).
155. A.C. Payatakes, K. M. Ng and R.W. Flumerfelt. AIChE,J. 26, 430-443 (1980).
156. A.C. Payatakes, Chi Tien and R. M. Turian, Aichej. 19, 58-67 (1973).
157. D.W. Peaceman, Fundamentals of Numerical Reservoir Simulation, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1977).
158. D.W. Peaceman and H. H. Rachford, Jr. Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 2, 327-339 (1962).
159. F.M. Perkins, Jr. and.R.E. Collins, Trans. AIME, 219,383-385(1960).
160. T.K. Perkins, O. C. Johnson and R. N. Hoffman, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 5, 301-317(1965).
161. R.L. Perrine, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 1,17-25 (1961).
162. E.J. Peters and D. L. Flock, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 21, 249-257 (1981).
163. J.J. Pickell, B. F. Swanson and W. B. Hickman, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 6, 55-61 (1966).
164. E.D. Pittman and R. W. Duschatko, J Sed Petrol, 40, 1153-1157 (1970).
165. J. Plateau, Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, 83, 207-285 (1864).
166. G.A. Pope, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 20,191-205 (1980).
167. P.E. Potter and R. F. Mast, J. Geology, 71,441-471 (1963).
168. H.H. Rachford, Trans. AIME, 231,133-148 (1964).
169. S. Rapin, Behavior of Non-Wetting Oil Ganglia Displaced by an Aqueous Phase, M. S. Thesis, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas (1980).
170. L.A. Rapoport, Trans. AIME, 204, 143-150 (1955).
171. L.A. Rapoport and W. J. Leas, Trans. AIME, 189, 139-148 (1953).
172. J.W.S. Rayleigh, Lord, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 29, 71-97 (1879).
173. J.W.S. Rayleigh, Lord, Phil. Mag. 34, 145-154(1892).
174. E. Rillaerts and P. Joos, Chem Eng. Sci. 35, 883-887 (1980).
175. J.G. Roof, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 10, 85-90 (1970).
176. W. Rose and J. Cleary, Prod. Monthly, 22(4), 24-31 (1958).
177. W. Rose and R. W. Heins,J. Colloid Interface Sci. 17, 39-48 (1962).
178. W. Rose and P. A. Witherspoon, Prod. Monthly, 21(2), 32-37 (1956).
179. K.J. Ruschak,J. Fluid Mech. 119,107-120(1982).
180. P.G. Saffman, Quart. J. Mech. Appl Math. 12, 146-150 (1959).
181. P.G. Saffman, and Sir Geoffrey Taylor, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 245, 312-329(1958).
182. R.A. Salathiel, J Pet. Technol., 25,1216-1224 (1973).
183. C.R. Sandberg, L. S. Gournay and R. F. Sippel, Trans. AIME, 213, 36-43 (1958).
184. A.E. Scheidegger, Phys Fluids, 3,94-104 (1960).
185. A.E. Scheidegger, Can. J. Phys. 47, 209-214 (1969).
186. V.K.S. Shante and S. Kirkpatrick, Advan. Phys. 20, 325-357 (1971).
187. A.K. Singhai and P. M. Dranchuk, Revue de L'Inst. Franc, du Pet. 35,993-1010(1980).
188. J.C. Slattery, Aichej. 20,1145-1154 (1974).
189. J.C. Slattery and R. W. Flummerfelt, “Interfacial Phenomena”, in Handbook on Multiphase Systems, Hestroni G. ed. pp. 224-241, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington, D.C. (1981).
190. R.L. Slobod, Prod. Monthly, 21(3), 17-28 (1957).
191. R.L. Slobod and R. A. Thomas, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 3, 9-13 (1963).
192. T.J.T. Spanos, Can. Phys, 57, 1738-1745 (1979).
193. T.J.T. Spanos, Can. Phys. 59,45-56 (1981).
194. T.J.T. Spanos, Qm. Phys, 59, 678-687 (1981).
195. L.A. Spielman and S.L. Goienjnd. Eng. Chern, 62(10), 10-24(1970).
196. L.A. Spielman and Y-P. Su, Ind. Eng. Chem., Fund. 16, 272-282 (1977).
197. D. Stauffer, Phys Repts. 54(1), 1-74(1979).
198. G.L. Stegemeier, “Mechanisms of Entrapment and Mobilization of Oil in Porous Media”, in Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding, D. O. Shah and R. S. Schechter, ed. Academic Press, New York (1977).
199. A. Sur, J. L. Lebowitz, J. Marro, M. H. Kalos and S. Kirkpatrick, J. Stat. Phys, 15, 345-353 (1976).
200. G.L Taylor, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 146, 501-523 (1934).
201. G.L. Taylor, J. Fluid Mech. 10,161-165 (1961).
202. Sir Geoffrey Taylor and P. G. Saffman, Quart. J. Mech. AppL Math. 12, 265-279 (1959).
203. S. Tomotika, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 150, 392-337 (1935).
204. S. Tomotika, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 153, 302-318 (1936).
205. G. Tryggvason and H. Aref, “Numerical Experiments on Hele Shaw Flow with a Sharp Interface”, J. Fluid Mech. 136, 1-30 (1983).
206. J. Brakel, Powder Technol., 11,205-236 (1975).
207. P. Meurs, Trans AIME, 210, 295-301 (1957).
208. P. Meurs and C. van der Poel, Trans. AIME, 213,103-112 (1958).
209. N.C. Wardlaw, Soc. Pet. Eng. Paper No. 8843, First Joint SPE/DOE Symp. on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, April 20-23 (1980).
210. N.C. Wardlaw, J. Can. Pet. Technol, 21(3), 21-27 (1982).
211. N.C. Wardlaw and J. P. Cassan, Bull. Can. Pet. Geol, 26, 572-585 (1978).
212. N.C. Wardlaw and J. P. Cassan, Bull. Can. Pet. Geol, 27, 117-138 (1979).
213. N.C. Wardlaw and M. Mckellar, Powder Technol, 29,127-143 (1981).
214. N.C. Wardlaw and R. P. Taylor, Bull. Can. Pet. Geol, 24, 225-262 (1976).
215. J.E. Warren and J. C. Calhoun, Jr. Tram. AIME, 204, 22-29 (1955).
216. D.T. Wasan, J. J. Mcnamara, S. M. Shah, et at. J. of Rheology, 23(2), 181-207.(1979).
217. D.T. Wasan, K. Sampath, J. J. Mcnamara, et al, “The Mechanisms of Oil Bank Formation, Coalescence in Porous Media and Emulsion Stability”, Proc. 4th DOE Annual Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery and Improved Drilling Methods, Tulsa, Oklahoma, August 28-31 (1981).
218. D.T. Wasan, S. M. Shah, N. Aderangi, M. S. Chan and J. J. Mcnamara, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 18,409-417 (1979).
219. E.W. Washburn, Phys. Rev. 17, 273-283 (1921).
220. K.J. Weber, J. Pet. Technol, 34, 665-672 (1982).
221. R.M. Weinbrandt and I. Fatt, J. Pet. Technol, 21, 543-548 (1969).
222. H.J. Welge, Trans. AIME, 195,91-98 (1952).
223. D.E. Welygan and C. M. Burns, J. Adhesion, 11, 41-55 (1980).
224. G.D. West, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A 86,20-25 (1911/12).
225. D. Wilkinson and J. Willemsen, J. Phys. A, 16, 3365-3376 (1983).
226. J. Willemsen, “Flow in Porous Media”, Schlumberger-Doll Research Monthly Progress Rept. pp. 25-28, Oct. (1981); see also “Capillary Displacement in Porous Media”, SDR Monthly Progress Rept. pp. 19-31, Feb. (1981).
227. R.A. Wooding and H.J. Morel-Seytoux, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 8, 233-274(1976).