Postpartum thyroid disease: A model of immunologic dysfunction

Clinical and Applied Immunology Reviews

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 89-103

  Smallridge, Robert C ^a,b  

^a MAYO CLINIC COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Autoimmune thyroid disease; Fas ligand; Postpartum thyroid disease

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; LEVOTHYROXINE; MICROSOME ANTIBODY; THYROID ANTIBODY; THYROID PEROXIDASE; THYROXINE;

ANTIBODY DETECTION; AUTOIMMUNITY; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTHYROIDISM; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; IMMUNOLOGY; LABORATORY TEST; MEDICAL EDUCATION; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PATIENT EDUCATION; PREGNANCY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUERPERIUM; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; THYROID DISEASE; THYROID FOLLICLE;

EID: 0002672004     PISSN: 15291049     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1529-1049(00)00008-8     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. 1 C.H. Parry Collections from the unpublished medical writings. Vol 2 1825 Underwoods London p. 111-4.
2. 2 R.J. Graves Newly observed affection of the thyroid gland in females Lon Med Surg J 7 1835 516
3. 3 A. Trousseau Lectures on clinical medicine, delivered at the Hotel-Dieu, Paris London. New Sydenham Society 1 1868 556-563
4. 4 H.B. Donkin Report of a Committee of the Clinical Society of London nominated December 14, 1883, to investigate the subject of myxoedema Trans Clin Soc Lond 21 Suppl 1888 16
5. 5 H.E.W. Roberton Lassitude, coldness, and hair changes following pregnancy, and their response to treatment with thyroid extract BMJ 2 Suppl, Aug 28 1948 2275-2276
6. 6 T.S. Danowski S.J. Huff D. Mrvos P. Wirth R.S. George F.M. Mateer Is pregnancy followed by relative hypothyroidism? Am J Obstet Gynecol 65 1953 77-80
7. 7 R.H. Parker W.H. Beierwaltes Thyroid antibodies during pregnancy and in the newborn J Clin Endocrinol Metab 21 1961 792-798
8. 8 R.T. Cooke Myxoedema in young women J Coll Gen Practit 6 1963 626-630
9. 9 N. Amino K. Miyai T. Onishi T. Hashimoto K. Arai Transient hypothyroidism after delivery in autoimmune thyroiditis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 42 1976 296-301
10. 10 J. Ginsberg P.G. Walfish Post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis with painless thyroiditis Lancet 1 1977 1125-1128
11. 11 H.G. Fein J.M. Goldman B.D. Weintraub Postpartum lymphocytic thyroiditis in American women a spectrum of thyroid dysfunction Am J Obstet Gynecol 138 1980 504-510
12. 12 N. Amino H. Mori Y. Iwatani O. Tanizawa M. Kawashima I. Tsuge K. Ibaragi Y. Kumahara K. Miyai High prevalence of transient post-partum thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism N Engl J Med 306 1982 849-852
13. 13 C.C. Hayslip H.G. Fein V.M. O'Donnell D.S. Friedman T.A. Klein R.C. Smallridge The value of serum antimicrosomal antibody testing in screening for symptomatic postpartum thyroid dysfunction Am J Obstet Gynecol 159 1988 203-209
14. 14 R. Jansson S. Bernander A. Karlsson K. Levin G. Nilsson Autoimmune thyroid dysfunction in the postpartum period J Clin Endocrinol Metab 58 1984 681-687
15. 15 H.H. Lervang O. Pryds H.P. Ostergaard Kristensen Thyroid dysfunction after delivery incidence and clinical course Acta Med Scand 222 1987 369-374
16. 16 M.T. Vargas R. Briones-Urbina D. Gladman F.R. Papsin P.G. Walfish Antithyroid microsomal autoantibodies and HLA-DR5 are associated with postpartum thyroid dysfunction evidence supporting an autoimmune pathogenesis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67 1988 327-333
17. 17 E. Roti L. Bianconi E. Gardini R. Minelli M.L. De Franco A. Bacchi Modena D. Bresciani P. Villa T.M. Neri M. Savi A. Pistolesi Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in an Italian population residing in an area of mild iodine deficiency J Endocrinol Invest 14 1991 669-674
18. 18 H.Y. Fung M. Kologlu K. Collison R. John C.J. Richards R. Hall A.M. McGregor Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in Mid Glamorgan Br Med J 296 1988 241-244
19. 19 A.P. Weetman The immunology of pregnancy Thyroid 9 1999 643-646
20. 20 S.C. Boyages J.P. Halpern G.F. Maberly C.J. Eastman J. Morris J. Collins J.J. Jupp J. Chenoen W. Zheng-Hua Y. Chuan-Yi A comparative study of neurological and myxedematous endemic cretinism in western China J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67 1988 1262-1271
21. 21 F.M. Delange Endemic cretinism S.C. Werner S.H. Ingbar L.E. Braverman R.D. Utiger Werner and Ingbar's the thyroid a fundamental and clinical text 7th ed 1996 Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia
22. 22 D. Glinoer The regulation of thyroid function in pregnancy pathways of endocrine adaptation from physiology to pathology Endocr Rev 18 1997 404-433
23. 23 D. Glinoer P. de Nayer P. Bourdoux M. Lemone C. Robyn A. van Steirteghem J. Kinthaert B. Lejuene Regulation of maternal thyroid during pregnancy J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71 1990 276-287
24. 24 T.F. Davies The thyroid immunology of the postpartum period Thyroid 9 1999 675-684
25. 25 A. Stagnaro-Green S.H. Roman R.H. Cobin E. El-Harazy S. Wallenstein T.F. Davies A prospective study of lymphocyte-initiated immunosuppression in normal pregnancy evidence of a T-cell etiology for postpartum thyroid dysfunction J Clin Endocrinol Metab 74 1992 645-653
26. 26 N. Amino H. Tada Y. Hidaka Postpartum autoimmune thyroid syndrome a model of aggravation of autoimmune disease Thyroid 9 1999 705-713
27. 27 T. Hara H. Tamai T. Mukuta S. Fukata K. Kuma The role of thyroid stimulating antibody (TSAb) in the thyroid function of patients with post-partum hypothyroidism Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 36 1992 69-74
28. 28 H. Tada Y. Hidaka E. Tsuruta T. Kashiwai H. Tamaki Y. Iwatani N. Amino Prevalence of postpartum onset of disease within patients with Graves' disease of child-bearing age Endocr J 41 1994 325-327
29. 29 A.B. Parkes S. Othman R. Hall R. John C.J. Richards J.H. Lazarus The role of complement in the pathogenesis of postpartum thyroiditis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 79 1994 395-400
30. 30 A.B. Parkes S. Othman R. Hall R. John J.H. Lazarus Role of complement in the pathogenesis of postpartum thyroiditis relationship between complement activation and disease presentation and progression Eur J Endocrinol 133 1995 210-215
31. 31 G.N. Kent B.G. Stuckey J.R. Allen T. Lambert V. Gee Postpartum thyroid dysfunction clinical assessment and relationship to psychiatric affective morbidity Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 51 1999 429-438
32. 32 J.L. Kuijpens M. De Haan-Meulman H.L. Vader V.J. Pop W.M. Wiersinga H.A. Drexhage Cell-mediated immunity and postpartum thyroid dysfunction a possibility for the prediction of disease? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 1998 1959-1966
33. 33 B. Harris S. Othman J.A. Davies G.J. Weppner C.J. Richards R.G. Newcombe J.H. Lazarus A.B. Parkes R. Hall D.I.W. Phillips Association between postpartum thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies and depression BMJ 305 1992 152-156
34. 34 V.J. Pop H.A. de Rooy H.L. Vader D. van der Heide M.M. van Son I.H. Komproe Microsomal antibodies during gestation in relation to postpartum thyroid dysfunction and depression Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 129 1993 26-30
35. 35 N. Amino H. Tada Y. Hidaka Therapeutic controversy screening for postpartum thyroid dysfunction in the general population is beneficial J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 1999 1813-1816
36. 36 U. Feldt-Rasmussen M. Høier-Madsen N.G. Rasmussen L. Hegedüs P. Hornnes Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies during pregnancy and postpartum. Relation to postpartum thyroiditis Autoimmunity 6 1990 211-214
37. 37 G.E. Robinson D.E. Stewart Postpartum psychiatric disorders Can Med Assoc J 134 1986 31-37
38. 38 S.F. Pariser H.A. Nasrallah D.K. Gardner Postpartum mood disorders clinical perspectives J Womens Health 6 1997 421-434
39. 39 B. Harris H. Fung S. Johns M. Kologlu R. Bhatti A.M. McGregor C.T. Richards R. Hall Transient post-partum thyroid dysfunction and postnatal depression J Affect Disord 17 1989 243-249
40. 40 V.J. Pop H.A. de Rooy H.L. Vader D. van der Heide M. van Son I.H. Komproe G.G. Essed C.A. de Gues Postpartum thyroid dysfunction and depression in an unselected population N Engl J Med 324 1991 1815-1816 [letter]
41. 41 B. Harris Postpartum depression and thyroid antibody status Thyroid 9 1999 699-703
42. 42 J.H. Lazarus Clinical manifestations of postpartum thyroid disease Thyroid 9 1999 685-689
43. 43 R.C. Smallridge Postpartum thyroid dysfunction a frequently undiagnosed endocrine disorder The Endocrinologist 6 1996 44-50
44. 44 H.L. Sheehan R. Murdoch Postpartum necrosis of the anterior pituitary pathological and clinical aspects J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 45 1938 456-488
45. 45 J.S. Bevan S. Othman J.H. Lazarus A.B. Parkes R. Hall Reversible adrenocorticotropin deficiency due to probable autoimmune hypophysitis in a woman with postpartum thyroiditis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 74 1992 548-552
46. 46 J.M. Hughes C.A. Ellsworth B.S. Harris Clinical case seminar a 33-year-old woman with a pituitary mass and panhypopituitarism J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80 1995 1521-1525
47. 47 K. Hashimoto T. Takao S. Makino Lymphocytic adenohypophysitis and lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis Endocr J 44 1997 1-10
48. 48 T.B. Francis R.C. Smallridge J. Kane J.A. Magner Octreotide changes serum thyrotropin (TSH) glycoisomer distribution as assessed by lectin chromatography in a TSH macroadenoma patient J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77 1993 183-187
49. 49 P. Caron C. Gerbeau L. Pradayrol C. Simonetta F. Bayard Successful pregnancy in an infertile woman with a thyrotropin-secreting macroadenoma treated with somatostatin analog (octreotide) J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81 1996 1164-1168
50. 50 L.J. Valenta J. Tamkin R. Sostrin A.N. Elias H. Eisenberg Regression of a pituitary adenoma following levothyroxine therapy of primary hypothyroidism Fertil Steril 40 1983 389-392
51. 51 R.C. Smallridge Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary tumors Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 16 1987 765-792
52. 52 P. Beck-Peccoz F. Brucker-Davis L. Persani R.C. Smallridge B.D. Weintraub Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary tumors Endocr Rev 17 1996 610-638
53. 53 L.D. Premawardhana A.B. Parkes F. Ammari R. John C. Darke H. Adams J.H. Lazarus Postpartum thyroiditis and long-term thyroid status prognostic influence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies and ultrasound echogenicity J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85 2000 71-75
54. 54 A. Lucas E. Pizarro M.L. Granada I. Salinas M. Foz A. Sanmarti Postpartum thyroiditis epidemiology and clinical evolution in a nonselected population Thyroid 10 2000 71-77
55. 55 T.F. Nikolai S.L. Turney R.C. Roberts Postpartum lymphocytic thyroiditis prevalence, clinical course, and long-term follow-up Arch Intern Med 147 1987 221-224
56. 56 J.H. Lazarus R. Hall S. Othman A.B. Parkes C.J. Richards B. McCulloch B. Harris The clinical spectrum of postpartum thyroid disease QJM 89 1996 429-435
57. 57 L.M. Crapo Screening for postpartum thyroiditis the time is not ripe to screen J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 1999 1816-1819
58. 58 A. Stagnaro-Green Postpartum thyroiditis the case for selective screening J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 1999 1819-1821
59. 59 H.C. Gerstein Incidence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction in patients with type I diabetes mellitus Ann Intern Med 118 1993 419-423
60. 60 M. Alvarez-Marfany S.H. Roman A.J. Drexler C. Robertson A. Stagnaro-Green Long-term prospective study of postpartum thyroid dysfunction in women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus J Clin Endocrinol Metab 79 1994 10-16
61. 61 L. Fernandez-Soto A. Gonzalez J.A. Lobon J.A. Lopez C.M. Peterson F. Escobar-Jimenez Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies predict poor metabolic control and need for thyroid treatment in pregnant IDDM women Diabetes Care 20 1997 1524-1528
62. 62 A. Singh Z.N. Dantas S.C. Stone R.H. Asch Presence of thyroid antibodies in early reproductive failure biochemical versus clinical pregnancies Fertil Steril 63 1995 277-281
63. 63 A. Stagnaro-Green S.H. Roman R.H. Cobin E. El-Harazy M. Alvarez-Marfany T.F. Davies Detection of at-risk pregnancy by means of highly sensitive assays for thyroid autoantibodies JAMA 264 1990 1422-1425
64. 64 Y. Iwatani N. Amino H. Tamaki M. Aozasa O. Kabutomori M. Mori D. Tahizawa K. Miyai Increase in peripheral large granular lymphocytes in postpartum autoimmune thyroiditis Endocrinol Jpn 35 1988 447-453
65. 65 C.C. Hayslip J.R. Baker L. Wartofsky T.A. Klein M.S. Opsahl K.D. Burman Natural killer cell activity and serum autoantibodies in women with postpartum thyroiditis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66 1988 1089-1093
66. 66 R. Jansson T.H. Tötterman J. Sällström P.A. Dahlberg Intrathyroidal and circulating lymphocyte subsets in different stages of autoimmune postpartum thyroiditis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 58 1984 942-946
67. 67 P.G. Walfish J. Meyerson J.P. Provias M.T. Vargas F.R. Papsin Prevalence and characteristics of post-partum thyroid dysfunction results of a survey from Toronto, Canada J Endocrinol Invest 15 1992 265-272
68. 68 J. Tachi N. Amino Y. Iwatani H. Tamaki M. Mori M. Aozasa O. Tanizawa K. Miyai Increase in antideoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer in postpartum aggravation of autoimmune thyroid disease J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67 1988 1049-1053
69. 69 R. Jansson P.M. Thompson F. Clark S.M. McLachlan Association between thyroid microsomal antibodies of subclass IgG-1 and hypothyroidism in autoimmune postpartum thyroiditis Clin Exp Immunol 63 1986 80-86
70. 70 J. Janssen P. Arscott R.C. Smallridge J.R. Baker Characteristics of the immune response to thyroid peroxidase in patients with postpartum thyroiditis Thyroid 4 Suppl 1 1994 S39
71. 71 R. Freeman H. Rosen B. Thysen Incidence of thyroid dysfunction in an unselected postpartum population Arch Intern Med 146 1986 1361-1364
72. 72 R. Jansson Postpartum thyroid disease Mol Biol Med 3 1986 201-211
73. 73 R. Rajatanavin L.O. Chailurkit K. Tirarungsikul W. Chalayondeja U. Jittivanich W. Puapradit Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in Bangkok a geographical variation in the prevalence Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 122 1990 283-287
74. 74 R.A. Sulimani H.A. Ba'Aqeel A.R. al-Nuaim A.A. al-Meshari K. Haleem Post partum thyroiditis in Saudi women East Afr Med J 70 1993 556-557
75. 75 Y. Hidaka H. Tamaki Y. Iwatani H. Tada N. Mitsuda N. Amino Prediction of post-partum Graves' thyrotoxicosis by measurement of thyroid stimulating antibody in early pregnancy Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 41 1994 15-20
76. 76 J.L. Kuijpens V.J. Pop H.L. Vader H.A. Drexhage W.M. Wiersinga Prediction of post partum thyroid dysfunction can it be improved? Eur J Endocrinol 139 1998 36-43
77. 77 J. Tachi N. Amino H. Tamaki M. Aozasa Y. Iwatani K. Miyai Long term follow-up and HLA association in patients with postpartum hypothyroidism J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66 1988 480-484
78. 78 R. Jansson P.A. Dahlberg F.A. Karlsson Postpartum thyroiditis Baillièrés Clin Endocrinol Metab 2 1988 619-635
79. 79 S. Othman D.I. Phillips A.B. Parkes C.J. Richards B. Harris H. Fung C. Darke R. John R. Hall J.H. Lazarus A long-term follow-up of postpartum thyroiditis Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 32 1990 559-564
80. 80 B.L. Solomon H.G. Fein R.C. Smallridge Usefulness of antimicrosomal antibody titers in the diagnosis and treatment of postpartum thyroiditis J Fam Pract 36 1993 177-182