Contraceptive Prevalence in Rural South Africa

International Family Planning Perspectives

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 4-9

  Chimere Dan, Orieji ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002446474     PISSN: 01622749     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2950795     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. O. Chimere-Dan, "Racial Patterns of Fertility Decline in South Africa," in International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, International Population Conference, Montreal 1993, Vol. 1, Liège, Belgium, 1993 pp. 43-51; D. Lucas, "Fertility and Family Planning in Southern and Central Africa," Studies in Family Planning, 23:145-158, 1992; J. C. Caldwell and P. Caldwell, "The South African Fertility Decline," Population and Development Review, 19:225-262, 1993; J. M. Lotter, "Historical Trends in Fertility," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, eds., South Africa's Demographic Future, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa, 1990; and W. P. Mostert, "Recent Trends in Fertility in South Africa," ibid.
2. O. Chimere-Dan, "Racial Patterns of Fertility Decline in South Africa," in International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, International Population Conference, Montreal 1993, Vol. 1, Liège, Belgium, 1993 pp. 43-51; D. Lucas, "Fertility and Family Planning in Southern and Central Africa," Studies in Family Planning, 23:145-158, 1992; J. C. Caldwell and P. Caldwell, "The South African Fertility Decline," Population and Development Review, 19:225-262, 1993; J. M. Lotter, "Historical Trends in Fertility," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, eds., South Africa's Demographic Future, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa, 1990; and W. P. Mostert, "Recent Trends in Fertility in South Africa," ibid.
3. O. Chimere-Dan, "Racial Patterns of Fertility Decline in South Africa," in International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, International Population Conference, Montreal 1993, Vol. 1, Liège, Belgium, 1993 pp. 43-51; D. Lucas, "Fertility and Family Planning in Southern and Central Africa," Studies in Family Planning, 23:145-158, 1992; J. C. Caldwell and P. Caldwell, "The South African Fertility Decline," Population and Development Review, 19:225-262, 1993; J. M. Lotter, "Historical Trends in Fertility," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, eds., South Africa's Demographic Future, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa, 1990; and W. P. Mostert, "Recent Trends in Fertility in South Africa," ibid.
4. O. Chimere-Dan, "Racial Patterns of Fertility Decline in South Africa," in International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, International Population Conference, Montreal 1993, Vol. 1, Liège, Belgium, 1993 pp. 43-51; D. Lucas, "Fertility and Family Planning in Southern and Central Africa," Studies in Family Planning, 23:145-158, 1992; J. C. Caldwell and P. Caldwell, "The South African Fertility Decline," Population and Development Review, 19:225-262, 1993; J. M. Lotter, "Historical Trends in Fertility," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, eds., South Africa's Demographic Future, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa, 1990; and W. P. Mostert, "Recent Trends in Fertility in South Africa," ibid.
5. O. Chimere-Dan, "Racial Patterns of Fertility Decline in South Africa," in International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, International Population Conference, Montreal 1993, Vol. 1, Liège, Belgium, 1993 pp. 43-51; D. Lucas, "Fertility and Family Planning in Southern and Central Africa," Studies in Family Planning, 23:145-158, 1992; J. C. Caldwell and P. Caldwell, "The South African Fertility Decline," Population and Development Review, 19:225-262, 1993; J. M. Lotter, "Historical Trends in Fertility," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, eds., South Africa's Demographic Future, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa, 1990; and W. P. Mostert, "Recent Trends in Fertility in South Africa," ibid.
6. O. Chimere-Dan, "Demography of the Village Study Sites," in R. Levin and D. Weiner, eds., Community Perspectives on Land and Agrarian Reform in South Africa, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1994.
7. W. P. Mostert, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
8. Central Statistical Office, The 1991 Population Census Report, Vol. 1, Umtata, South Africa, 1994.
9. O. Chimere-Dan, Fertility and Family Size Preference in the Eastern Cape Province South Africa: A Study of the Transkei Sub-Region, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1995.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. S. A. Mpambani, Poverty Profile of the Transkei Region, Southern Africa Labor and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 1994.
13. D. Moller, Population Development Survey Report, Bureau of Development Resources and Training, University of Transkei, Umtata, South Africa, 1990.
14. P. A. Black, P. J. McCarton and P. M. Clayton, A Demographic and Socioeconomic Profile of Region D, Institute of Social and Economic Research, Development Studies Working Papers, No, 30, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, 1986.
15. Development Bank of Southern Africa, SATVBC Countries: Statistical Abstracts 1989, Halfway House, South Africa, 1989.
16. O. Chimere-Dan, 1995, op. cit. (see reference 5).
17. S. A. Mpambani, 1994, op. cit. (see reference 8).
18. O. Chimere-Dan, 1995, op. cit. (see reference 5).
19. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
20. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
21. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
22. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
23. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
24. E. M. Preston-Whyte, "Women Who Are Not Married: 'Illegitimacy,' and the Nature of Households and Domestic Groups Among Single African Women in Durban," South African Journal of Sociology, 24:63-71, 1993; S. Burman and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Questionable Issue: Illegitimacy in South Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa; E. Preston-Whyte, "Women-Headed Households and Development: The Relevance of Cross-Cultural Models for Research on Women in South Africa," Africanus, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1988, pp. 58-76; _, "Families Without Marriage," in A. Aryle and E. Preston-Whyte, eds., Social System and Tradition in Southern Africa, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, South Africa, 1978; _, "Culture, Context and Behaviour: Anthropological Perspectives on Fertility in Southern Africa," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1988, pp. 13-29; and _, "Qualitative Perspectives on Fertility Trends Among African Teenagers," in W. P. Mostert and J. M. Lotter, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
25. D. Ncayiyana, "Teenage Pregnancy in Transkei: Perspective of a Devil's Advocate," Transkei Medical Quarterly, Vol. 1, 1991, pp. 24-31; N. M. Xaba-Mokoena, "Teenage Pregnancy," paper presented at the symposium on Population Development in Transkei, February 27-28, 1990, Umtata, South Africa; and E. Preston-Whyte et al., "Teenage Pregnancy: Whose Problem? Realities and Prospects for Action in KwaZulu/Natal," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1990, pp. 11-20.
26. D. Ncayiyana, "Teenage Pregnancy in Transkei: Perspective of a Devil's Advocate," Transkei Medical Quarterly, Vol. 1, 1991, pp. 24-31; N. M. Xaba-Mokoena, "Teenage Pregnancy," paper presented at the symposium on Population Development in Transkei, February 27-28, 1990, Umtata, South Africa; and E. Preston-Whyte et al., "Teenage Pregnancy: Whose Problem? Realities and Prospects for Action in KwaZulu/Natal," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1990, pp. 11-20.
27. D. Ncayiyana, "Teenage Pregnancy in Transkei: Perspective of a Devil's Advocate," Transkei Medical Quarterly, Vol. 1, 1991, pp. 24-31; N. M. Xaba-Mokoena, "Teenage Pregnancy," paper presented at the symposium on Population Development in Transkei, February 27-28, 1990, Umtata, South Africa; and E. Preston-Whyte et al., "Teenage Pregnancy: Whose Problem? Realities and Prospects for Action in KwaZulu/Natal," Southern African Journal of Demography, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1990, pp. 11-20.
28. O. Chimere-Dan, "Determinants of Racial Fertility Differentials in Some Urban Areas of South Africa," Journal of Biosocial Science, 26:55-63, 1994; and W. P. Mostert, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
29. O. Chimere-Dan, "Determinants of Racial Fertility Differentials in Some Urban Areas of South Africa," Journal of Biosocial Science, 26:55-63, 1994; and W. P. Mostert, 1990, op. cit. (see reference 1).
30. F. Sai, H. Rees and S. McGarry, "Reproductive Health and Family Planning Consultancy: National Review and Recommendations," prepared for the Commission of the European Communities Special Programme for South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; and H. Rees, "Population and Family Planning," paper presented at the Population Development Programme conference Population Realities and the Future of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, Sept. 1993.
31. F. Sai, H. Rees and S. McGarry, "Reproductive Health and Family Planning Consultancy: National Review and Recommendations," prepared for the Commission of the European Communities Special Programme for South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; and H. Rees, "Population and Family Planning," paper presented at the Population Development Programme conference Population Realities and the Future of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, Sept. 1993.
32. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
33. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
34. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
35. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
36. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
37. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
38. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
39. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
40. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
41. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
42. M. Edmunds, "Population Dynamics and Migrant Labor in South Africa," in K. Michaelson, ed., And the Poor Get Children: Radical Perspectives on Population Dynamics, Monthly Review Press, London, 1981; A. Donaldson, "Dependent Transkei: The Economics of a Labor Reserve and a Caretaker Regime," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-153.; S. Jones, Assaulting Childhood: Children's Experiences of Migrancy and Hostel Life in South Africa, Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1993; M. Wilson, "So Truth Be in the Field," Alfred and Winifred Hoevnte Memorial Lecture, South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975; D. James, "Family and Household in a Lebowa Village," African Studies, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1985, pp. 159-187; C. Murray, Families Divided: The Impact of Migrant Labor in Lesotho, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1981; T. D. Moodie, "Migrancy and Male Sexuality in the South African Gold Mines," Journal of Southern African Studies, 14:228-256, 1988; T. Thomas, "Sowing the Seeds of Deprivation," Sash, 17:8-11, 1974; R. Palmer and N. Parsons, eds., The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif., USA, 1977; J. May, "Migrant Labor in Transkei: Causes and Consequences at the Village Level," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1987, pp. 123-147; and M. Ramphele, "The Dynamics of Gender Politics in the Hostels of Cape Town: Another Legacy of the South African Migrant Labor System," Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1989, pp. 393-414.
43. J. Segal, "Health Care at the Village Level: Transkei and Ciskei," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 223-240; and C. Simon, "Dealing with Distress: A Medical Anthropological Analysis of the Search for Health in a Rural Transkeian Village," master's thesis, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, 1989.
44. J. Segal, "Health Care at the Village Level: Transkei and Ciskei," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1992, pp. 223-240; and C. Simon, "Dealing with Distress: A Medical Anthropological Analysis of the Search for Health in a Rural Transkeian Village," master's thesis, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, 1989.
45. F. Sai, H. Rees and S. McGarry, 1993, op. cit. (see reference 18); and H. Rees, 1993, op. cit. (see reference 18).
46. F. Sai, H. Rees and S. McGarry, 1993, op. cit. (see reference 18); and H. Rees, 1993, op. cit. (see reference 18).