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x, θ=1. The formation of discrete hillocks is then visualized as a homogeneous thickening of the film which is constant in the transverse y-direction but decreases with x, while the total increase in thickness corresponds to the total volume of real hillocks. In terms of the continuity arguments outlined, this is quite a reasonable simplification. The implications of θ<1 may however be important in terms of creep viscosity estimations.
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If hillocks cannot form, steady-state EM displacements will not take place, either due to an EM stress induced failure or to the balance between the EM flux and the bock-diffusion flux driven by the established elastic stress gradient.
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85034276222
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x (caused by the inhomogeneous hillock distribution ignored in Refs. 23 and 24 and in the present article), hardly justifies using anything more sophisticated than the simple Eq. (3) for treatment of the data in Fig. 5(c).
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