The Hierarchical Structure of Collectivism

Journal of Research in Personality

Volumn 31, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 93-116

  Realo, Anu ^a   Allik, Jüri ^a   Vadi, Maaja ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TARTU   (Estonia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002268237     PISSN: 00926566     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jrpe.1997.2170     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Allik J., Realo A. The hierarchical nature of individualism-collectivism: Comments on Matsumoto et al. (1996). Culture and Psychology. 2:1996;109-117.
2. Bond M. H. The cross-cultural challenge to social psychology. 1988;Sage, Newbury Park.
3. Bond R., Smith P. Culture and conformity: A meta-analysis of studies using Asch's (1952b, 1956) line judgment task. Psychological Bulletin. 119:1996;111-137.
4. Cha J.-H. Aspects of individualism and collectivism in Korea. Individualism and collectivism. 1994;Sage, Thousand Oaks. p. 157-174.
5. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 18:1987;143-164.
6. Costa P. T. Jr., McCrae R. R. Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Professional manual. 1992;Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. Odessa.
7. Cousins S. D. Culture and self-perception in Japan and the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 56:1989;124-131.
8. Cronan T. A., Conway T. L., Kaszas S. L. Starting to smoke in the Navy: When, where, and why. Social Science and Medicine. 33:1991;1349-1353.
9. Diener E., Diener M., Diener C. Factors predicting the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 69:1995;851-864.
10. Fiske A. P. The four elementary forms of sociality: Framework for a unified theory of social relations. Psychological Review. 99:1992;689-723.
11. Henderson G. E., Cohen M. S. The Chinese hospital. 1984;Yale Univ. Press, New Haven.
12. Hofstede G. Culture's consequences. 1980;Sage, Beverly Hills.
13. Hofstede G. Dimensions of national cultures in fifty countries and three regions. Deregowski J., Dziurawiec S., Annis R. C. Expiscations in cross-cultural psychology. 1983;335-355 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse.
14. Hofstede G., Spangenberg J. Measuring individualism and collectivism at occupational and organizational levels. Kagitcibasi C. Growth and progress in cross-cultural psychology. 1987;113-122 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse.
15. C. H. Hui, 1984, Individualism-collectivism: Theory, measurement, and its relationship to reward allocation.
16. Hui C. H. Measurement of individualism-collectivism. Journal of Research in Personality. 22:1988;17-36.
17. Hui C. H., Triandis H. C. Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 17:1986;225-248.
18. Hui C. H., Yee C. The shortened Individualism-Collectivism Scale: Its relationship to demographic and work-related variables. Journal of Research in Personality. 28:1994;409-424.
19. Kagitcibasi C., Berry J. Cross-cultural psychology: Current research and trends. Annual Review of Psychology. 40:1989;493-531.
20. Kashima Y., Yamaguchi S., Kim U., Choi S.-C., Gelfand M. J., Yuki M. Culture, gender, and self: A perspective from individualism-collectivism research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 69:1995;925-937.
21. Kim U., Triandis H. C., Kagitcibasi C., Choi S. C., Yoon G. Individualism and collectivism. 1994;Sage, Thousand Oaks.
22. Kuhn M. H., McPartland T. An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. American Sociological Review. 19:1954;68-76.
23. Markus H. R., Kitayama S. Cultural variation in the self-concept. Strauss J., Goethals G. R. The self. 1991;18-48 Springer-Verlag, New York.
24. Matsumoto D., Kudoh T., Takeuchi S. Changing patterns of individualism and collectivism in the United States and Japan. Culture and Psychology. 2:1996;77-107.
25. Oyserman D. The lens of personhood: Viewing the self and others in a multicultural society. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 65:1993;993-1009.
26. Park A. Ethnicity and independence: The case of Estonia in comparative perspective. Europe-Asia Studies. 46:1994;69-87.
27. Pulver A., Allik J., Pulkkinen L., Hämäläinen M. A Big Five personality inventory in two non-Indo-European languages. European Journal of Psychology. 9:1995;109-124.
28. Schwartz S. H. Individualism-collectivism: critique and proposed refinements. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 21:1990;139-157.
29. Schwartz S. H. Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Zanna M. Advances in experimental social psychology. 1992;1-65 Academic Press, New York.
30. Schwartz S. H. Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values. Kim U., Triandis H. C., Kagitcibasi C., Choi S. C., Yoon G. Individualism and collectivism. 1994;85-119 Sage, Thousand Oaks.
31. Schwartz S. H., Bilsky W. Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 53:1987;550-562.
32. Schwartz S. H., Bilsky W. Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: extensions and cross-cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 58:1990;878-891.
33. Simonton D. K. Shakespeare's sonnets: a case of and for single-case historimetry. Journal of Personality. 57:1989;695-721.
34. Simonton D. K. Leaders of American psychology, 1879-1967: career development, creativity output, and professional achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 62:1992;5-17.
35. Singelis T. M., Triandis H. C., Bhawuk D. P. S., Gelfand M. J. Horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism: A theoretical and methodological refinement. Cross-Cultural Research. 29:1995;240-275.
36. Stradling S. G., Crowe G., Tuohy A. P. Changes in self-concept during occupational socialization of new recruits to the police. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. 3:1993;131-147.
37. Steiger J. H. Structural equation modeling. Addendum. 1995;StatSoft Inc. Tulsa. p. 283-431.
38. Trafimow D., Triandis H. C., Goto S. G. Some tests of the distinction between the private self and the collective self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 60:1991;649-655.
39. Triandis H. C. Collectivism and development. Sinha D., Kao H. S. Social values and development. 1988;285-303 Sage, Newbury Park.
40. Triandis H. C. Cross-cultural studies of individualism and collectivism. Berman J. Nebraska symposium on motivation. 1990;41-133 Univ. of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.
41. Triandis H. C. Individualism and collectivism manual. 1992.
42. Triandis H. C. Collectivism and individualism as cultural syndromes. Cross-Cultural Research. 27:1993;155-180.
43. Triandis H. C. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of collectivism and individualism. Kim U., Triandis H. C., Kagitcibasi C., Choi S. C., Yoon G. Individualism and collectivism. 1994;41-51 Sage, Thousand Oaks.
44. Triandis H. C. Individualism and collectivism. 1995;Westview Press, Boulder.
45. Triandis H. C., Bontempo R., Betancourt H., Bond M. H., Leung K., Brenes A., Georgas J., Hui C. H., Marin G., Setiadi B., Sinha J. P. B., Verma J., Spangenberg J., Touzard H., de Montmollin G. The measurement of etic aspects of individualism and collectivism across cultures. Australian Journal of Psychology. 38:1986;257-267.
46. Triandis H. C., Bontempo R., Villareal M. J., Asai M., Lucca N. Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 54:1988;323-338.
47. H. C. Triandis, M. Gelfand, R. Canton, Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism.
48. Triandis H. C., Leung K., Villareal M. J., Clack F. L. Allocentric versus idiocentric tendencies: convergent and discriminant validation. Journal of Research in Personality. 19:1985;395-415.
49. Triandis H. C., McCusker C., Hui C. H. Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 59:1990;1006-1020.
50. Triandis H. C., McCusker C., Betancourt H., Iwao S., Leung K., Salazar J. M., Setiadi B., Sinha J. B., Touzard H., Zaleski Z. An etic-emic analyses of individualism and collectivism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 24:1993;366-383.
51. Verkasalo M., Daun AÅ., Niit T. Universal values in Estonia, Finland, and Sweden. Ethnologia Europaea. 24:1994;101-117.
52. Wherry R. J. Hierarchical factor solutions without rotation. Psychometrika. 24:1959;45-51.