메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 33-55

Ecological constraints on marriage in rural Ireland

Author keywords

Age at marriage; Celibacy; Cooperative breeding,; Dispersal; Ecological constraints; Emigration; Helping behavior; Irish historical demography

Indexed keywords


EID: 0002236571     PISSN: 10905138     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1090-5138(97)00103-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0039278379 scopus 로고
    • A review of recent Irish population trends
    • Aalen F.H.A. A review of recent Irish population trends. Population Studies. 17:1963;73-78.
    • (1963) Population Studies , vol.17 , pp. 73-78
    • Aalen, F.H.A.1
  • 6
    • 0001026752 scopus 로고
    • Bushman birth spacing: Direct tests of some simple predictions
    • Blurton Jones N. Bushman birth spacing. direct tests of some simple predictions Ethology and Sociobiology. 8:1987;183-203.
    • (1987) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.8 , pp. 183-203
    • Blurton Jones, N.1
  • 7
    • 84982060366 scopus 로고
    • Parental investment and elite family structure in preindustrial states: A case study of Late Medieval-Early Modern Portuguese genealogies
    • Boone J.L. Parental investment and elite family structure in preindustrial states. a case study of Late Medieval-Early Modern Portuguese genealogies American Anthropologist. 88:1986;859-878.
    • (1986) American Anthropologist , vol.88 , pp. 859-878
    • Boone, J.L.1
  • 8
    • 0002443588 scopus 로고
    • Parental investment, social subordination, and population processes among the 15th and 16th century Portuguese nobility
    • L.L. Betzig, M. Borgerhoff Mulder, & P. Turke. New York: Cambridge University Press
    • Boone J.L. Parental investment, social subordination, and population processes among the 15th and 16th century Portuguese nobility. Betzig L.L., Borgerhoff Mulder M., Turke P. Human Reproductive Behaviour. A Darwinian Perspective:1988;201-220 Cambridge University Press, New York.
    • (1988) Human Reproductive Behaviour: A Darwinian Perspective , pp. 201-220
    • Boone, J.L.1
  • 9
    • 84982076241 scopus 로고
    • On cultural and reproductive success. Kipsigis evidence
    • Borgerhoff Mulder M. On cultural and reproductive success. Kipsigis evidence. American Anthropologist. 89:1987;617-634.
    • (1987) American Anthropologist , vol.89 , pp. 617-634
    • Borgerhoff Mulder, M.1
  • 13
    • 0041057125 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Census of Population of Ireland, 1946. (Vol. V, Part II) Dublin: Stationery Office, 1946.
    • (1946) Census of Population of Ireland, 1946 , vol.5 , Issue.PART II
  • 15
    • 0039870152 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Census of Population of Ireland, 1966. (Vol. II and Vol. V) Dublin: Stationery Office, 1966a.
    • (1966) Census of Population of Ireland, 1966 , vol.2-5
  • 16
    • 0041057123 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Report on Vital Statistics, Ireland, 1966. Dublin: Stationery Office. 1966b.
    • (1966) Report on Vital Statistics, Ireland, 1966
  • 17
    • 0039870163 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Report on Vital Statistics, Ireland, 1967. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1967.
    • (1967) Report on Vital Statistics, Ireland, 1967
  • 18
    • 0039870152 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Census of Population of Ireland, 1981. (Vol. II) Dublin: Stationery Office, 1984.
    • (1984) Census of Population of Ireland, 1981 , vol.2
  • 19
    • 0041057114 scopus 로고
    • Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office
    • Central Statistics Office. Census 86: Summary Population Report. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1987.
    • (1987) Census 86: Summary Population Report
  • 20
    • 0023824104 scopus 로고
    • Life histories, blood revenge, and warfare in a tribal population
    • Chagnon N.A. Life histories, blood revenge, and warfare in a tribal population. Science. 239:1988;985-992.
    • (1988) Science , vol.239 , pp. 985-992
    • Chagnon, N.A.1
  • 21
    • 51249168391 scopus 로고
    • Women, resources, and dispersal in nineteenth-century Sweden
    • Clarke A.L. Women, resources, and dispersal in nineteenth-century Sweden. Human Nature. 4:1993;109-135.
    • (1993) Human Nature , vol.4 , pp. 109-135
    • Clarke, A.L.1
  • 22
    • 0001566660 scopus 로고
    • Ecological correlates of human dispersal in 19th century Sweden
    • Clarke A.L., Low B.S. Ecological correlates of human dispersal in 19th century Sweden. Animal Behaviour. 44:1992;677-693.
    • (1992) Animal Behaviour , vol.44 , pp. 677-693
    • Clarke, A.L.1    Low, B.S.2
  • 24
    • 0041057104 scopus 로고
    • Marriage in pre-famine Ireland
    • A. Cosgrove. Dublin: College Press
    • Connolly S.J. Marriage in pre-famine Ireland. Cosgrove A. Marriage in Ireland. 1985;78-98 College Press, Dublin.
    • (1985) Marriage in Ireland , pp. 78-98
    • Connolly, S.J.1
  • 25
    • 84981939492 scopus 로고
    • Wealth, status, and reproductive success among the Mukogodo of Kenya
    • Cronk L. Wealth, status, and reproductive success among the Mukogodo of Kenya. American Anthropologist. 93:1991;345-360.
    • (1991) American Anthropologist , vol.93 , pp. 345-360
    • Cronk, L.1
  • 27
    • 0027765027 scopus 로고
    • The family contexts of marriage timing in Nepal
    • Dahal D.R., Fricke T. The family contexts of marriage timing in Nepal. Ethnology. 32:1993;305-323.
    • (1993) Ethnology , vol.32 , pp. 305-323
    • Dahal, D.R.1    Fricke, T.2
  • 28
    • 0031308170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary theory and the human family
    • Davis J.N., Daly M. Evolutionary theory and the human family. Quarterly Review of Biology. 72:1997;407-435.
    • (1997) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.72 , pp. 407-435
    • Davis, J.N.1    Daly, M.2
  • 29
    • 0039278363 scopus 로고
    • Dublin: Foilseachain Naisiunta Teoranta
    • De Freine S. The Great Silence. 1965;Foilseachain Naisiunta Teoranta, Dublin.
    • (1965) The Great Silence
    • De Freine, S.1
  • 30
    • 0000224931 scopus 로고
    • Female infanticide, reproductive strategies, and social stratification: A preliminary model
    • N.A. Chagnon, & W. Irons. North Scituate, MA: Duxbury Press
    • Dickemann M. Female infanticide, reproductive strategies, and social stratification. a preliminary model Chagnon N.A., Irons W. Evolutionary Biology and Human Social Behavior. An Anthropological Perspective:1979;321-367 Duxbury Press, North Scituate, MA.
    • (1979) Evolutionary Biology and Human Social Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective , pp. 321-367
    • Dickemann, M.1
  • 32
    • 0002001834 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of helping. I. An ecological constraints model
    • Emlen S.T. The evolution of helping. I. An ecological constraints model. American Naturalist. 119:1982;29-39.
    • (1982) American Naturalist , vol.119 , pp. 29-39
    • Emlen, S.T.1
  • 33
    • 0002411094 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative breeding in birds and mammals
    • J.R. Krebs, & N.B. Davies. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer
    • Emlen S.T. Cooperative breeding in birds and mammals. Krebs J.R., Davies N.B. Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. 1:1984;305-339 Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
    • (1984) Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach 1 , pp. 305-339
    • Emlen, S.T.1
  • 34
    • 0001807582 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of cooperative breeding in birds and mammals
    • J.R. Krebs, & N.B. Davies. London: Blackwell Scientific
    • Emlen S.T. Evolution of cooperative breeding in birds and mammals. Krebs J.R., Davies N.B. Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. 3:1991;301-335 Blackwell Scientific, London.
    • (1991) Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach 3 , pp. 301-335
    • Emlen, S.T.1
  • 35
    • 0028180995 scopus 로고
    • Benefits, constraints and the evolution of the family
    • Emlen S.T. Benefits, constraints and the evolution of the family. TREE. 9:1994;282-285.
    • (1994) TREE , vol.9 , pp. 282-285
    • Emlen, S.T.1
  • 37
    • 0040463082 scopus 로고
    • Marriage in post-famine Ireland
    • A. Cosgrove. Dublin: College Press
    • Fitzpatrick D. Marriage in post-famine Ireland. Cosgrove A. Marriage in Ireland. 1985;116-131 College Press, Dublin.
    • (1985) Marriage in Ireland , pp. 116-131
    • Fitzpatrick, D.1
  • 38
    • 0022724066 scopus 로고
    • Correlates of reproductive success in a Caribbean village
    • Flinn M.V. Correlates of reproductive success in a Caribbean village. Human Ecology. 14:1986;225-243.
    • (1986) Human Ecology , vol.14 , pp. 225-243
    • Flinn, M.V.1
  • 41
    • 84970226088 scopus 로고
    • Re-thinking the western European marriage pattern: The decision to marry in Ireland at the turn of the twentieth century
    • a
    • Guinnane T.W. Re-thinking the western European marriage pattern. the decision to marry in Ireland at the turn of the twentieth century Journal of Family History. 16:1991;47-64. a.
    • (1991) Journal of Family History , vol.16 , pp. 47-64
    • Guinnane, T.W.1
  • 42
    • 0010080838 scopus 로고
    • Economics, history, and the path of demographic adjustment: Ireland after the famine
    • b
    • Guinnane T.W. Economics, history, and the path of demographic adjustment. Ireland after the famine Research in Economic History. 13:1991;147-198. b.
    • (1991) Research in Economic History , vol.13 , pp. 147-198
    • Guinnane, T.W.1
  • 43
    • 0027087557 scopus 로고
    • Age at leaving home in rural Ireland, 1901-1911
    • Guinnane T.W. Age at leaving home in rural Ireland, 1901-1911. Journal of Economic History. 52:1992;561-647.
    • (1992) Journal of Economic History , vol.52 , pp. 561-647
    • Guinnane, T.W.1
  • 44
    • 0041057111 scopus 로고
    • The Great Irish Famine and population: The long view
    • Guinnane T.W. The Great Irish Famine and population. the long view American Economic Review. 84:1994;303-308.
    • (1994) American Economic Review , vol.84 , pp. 303-308
    • Guinnane, T.W.1
  • 45
    • 85067504079 scopus 로고
    • European marriage patterns in perspective
    • D.V. Glass, & D.E.C. Eversley. London: Edward Arnold
    • Hajnal J. European marriage patterns in perspective. Glass D.V., Eversley D.E.C. Population in History. 1965;101-143 Edward Arnold, London.
    • (1965) Population in History , pp. 101-143
    • Hajnal, J.1
  • 46
  • 49
    • 0022673414 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success and occupational class in eighteenth-century Lancashire, England
    • Hughes A.L. Reproductive success and occupational class in eighteenth-century Lancashire, England. Social Biology. 33:1986;109-115.
    • (1986) Social Biology , vol.33 , pp. 109-115
    • Hughes, A.L.1
  • 51
    • 0000328876 scopus 로고
    • Tree age and cavity initiation by red-cockaded woodpeckers
    • Jackson J.A., Lennartz M.R., Hooper R.G. Tree age and cavity initiation by red-cockaded woodpeckers. Journal of Forestry. 77:1979;102-103.
    • (1979) Journal of Forestry , vol.77 , pp. 102-103
    • Jackson, J.A.1    Lennartz, M.R.2    Hooper, R.G.3
  • 52
    • 0028180454 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative breeding in mammals
    • Jennions M.D., MacDonald D.W. Cooperative breeding in mammals. TREE. 9:1994;89-93.
    • (1994) TREE , vol.9 , pp. 89-93
    • Jennions, M.D.1    MacDonald, D.W.2
  • 54
    • 0002201219 scopus 로고
    • Ecological factors and kin selection in the evolution of cooperative breeding in birds
    • R.D. Alexander, & D.W. Tinkle. New York: Chiron Press
    • Koenig W.D., Pitelka F.A. Ecological factors and kin selection in the evolution of cooperative breeding in birds. Alexander R.D., Tinkle D.W. Natural Selection and Social Behavior. Recent Research and New Theory:1981;261-280 Chiron Press, New York.
    • (1981) Natural Selection and Social Behavior: Recent Research and New Theory , pp. 261-280
    • Koenig, W.D.1    Pitelka, F.A.2
  • 55
    • 0001489757 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success, group size, and the evolution of cooperative breeding in the acorn woodpecker
    • Koenig W.D. Reproductive success, group size, and the evolution of cooperative breeding in the acorn woodpecker. American Naturalist. 117:1981;421-443.
    • (1981) American Naturalist , vol.117 , pp. 421-443
    • Koenig, W.D.1
  • 56
    • 0001043292 scopus 로고
    • Levels of analysis, and the functional significance of helping behavior
    • M. Bekoff, & D. Jamieson. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
    • Koenig W.D., Mumme R.L. Levels of analysis, and the functional significance of helping behavior. Bekoff M., Jamieson D. Interpretation and Explanation in the Study of Animal Behavior. 1990;268-303 Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
    • (1990) Interpretation and Explanation in the Study of Animal Behavior , pp. 268-303
    • Koenig, W.D.1    Mumme, R.L.2
  • 58
    • 0027063410 scopus 로고
    • Importance of habitat saturation and territory quality for evolution of cooperative breeding in the Seychelles warbler
    • Komdeur J. Importance of habitat saturation and territory quality for evolution of cooperative breeding in the Seychelles warbler. Nature. 358:1992;493-495.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 493-495
    • Komdeur, J.1
  • 59
    • 0039870164 scopus 로고
    • Some implications of recent work in historical demography
    • Krause J.T. Some implications of recent work in historical demography. Comparative Studies in Society and History. 1:1959;164-188.
    • (1959) Comparative Studies in Society and History , vol.1 , pp. 164-188
    • Krause, J.T.1
  • 60
    • 0001013052 scopus 로고
    • Occupational status, landownership, and reproductive behavior in 19th-century Sweden: Tuna Parish
    • Low B.S. Occupational status, landownership, and reproductive behavior in 19th-century Sweden. Tuna Parish American Anthropologist. 92:1990;457-468.
    • (1990) American Anthropologist , vol.92 , pp. 457-468
    • Low, B.S.1
  • 61
    • 0026004910 scopus 로고
    • Family patterns in nineteenth-century Sweden: Impact of occupational status and landownership
    • Low B.S., Clarke A.L. Family patterns in nineteenth-century Sweden. impact of occupational status and landownership Journal of Family History. 16:1991;117-138.
    • (1991) Journal of Family History , vol.16 , pp. 117-138
    • Low, B.S.1    Clarke, A.L.2
  • 63
    • 0003059593 scopus 로고
    • Social organization and behavior of the acorn woodpecker in central coastal California
    • MacRoberts M.H., MacRoberts B.R. Social organization and behavior of the acorn woodpecker in central coastal California. Ornithological Monographs. 21:1976;1-115.
    • (1976) Ornithological Monographs , vol.21 , pp. 1-115
    • MacRoberts, M.H.1    MacRoberts, B.R.2
  • 64
    • 0024854672 scopus 로고
    • Demographic pressure and the Irish famine: Malthus after Mokyr
    • McGregor P.L. Demographic pressure and the Irish famine. Malthus after Mokyr Land Economics. 65:1989;228-238.
    • (1989) Land Economics , vol.65 , pp. 228-238
    • McGregor, P.L.1
  • 67
    • 0041057096 scopus 로고
    • Marriage in Irish folk tradition
    • A. Cosgrove. Dublin: College Press
    • O'Danachair C. Marriage in Irish folk tradition. Cosgrove A. Marriage in Ireland. 1985;99-115 College Press, Dublin.
    • (1985) Marriage in Ireland , pp. 99-115
    • O'Danachair, C.1
  • 68
    • 0029402038 scopus 로고
    • Emigration and living standards in Ireland since the Famine
    • O'Rourke K. Emigration and living standards in Ireland since the Famine. Journal of Population Economics. 8:1995;407-421.
    • (1995) Journal of Population Economics , vol.8 , pp. 407-421
    • O'Rourke, K.1
  • 69
    • 0027060889 scopus 로고
    • Helping by juvenile pine voles (Microtus pinetorum), growth and survival of younger siblings, and the evolution of pine vole sociality
    • Powell R.A., Fried J.J. Helping by juvenile pine voles (Microtus pinetorum), growth and survival of younger siblings, and the evolution of pine vole sociality. Behavioral Ecology. 3:1992;325-333.
    • (1992) Behavioral Ecology , vol.3 , pp. 325-333
    • Powell, R.A.1    Fried, J.J.2
  • 70
    • 0025599651 scopus 로고
    • Habitat limitation and sex ratio promote delayed dispersal in Superb fairy-wrens
    • Pruett-Jones S.G., Lewis J.J. Habitat limitation and sex ratio promote delayed dispersal in Superb fairy-wrens. Nature. 348:1990;541-542.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.348 , pp. 541-542
    • Pruett-Jones, S.G.1    Lewis, J.J.2
  • 71
    • 0001299046 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of alloparental care and adoption in mammals and birds
    • Riedman M.L. The evolution of alloparental care and adoption in mammals and birds. Quarterly Review of Biology. 57:1982;405-435.
    • (1982) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.57 , pp. 405-435
    • Riedman, M.L.1
  • 72
    • 0027095456 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success in relation to resource-access and parental age in a small Norwegian farming parish during the period 1700-1900
    • Røskaft E., Wara A., Viken Å Reproductive success in relation to resource-access and parental age in a small Norwegian farming parish during the period 1700-1900. Ethology and Sociobiology. 13:1992;443-461.
    • (1992) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.13 , pp. 443-461
    • Røskaft, E.1    Wara, A.2    Viken, Å.3
  • 73
    • 84971022065 scopus 로고
    • The life history of the superb blue wren, Malurus cyaneus
    • Rowley I. The life history of the superb blue wren, Malurus cyaneus. . Emu. 64:1965;251-297.
    • (1965) . Emu , vol.64 , pp. 251-297
    • Rowley, I.1
  • 74
    • 85005536922 scopus 로고
    • The communal way of life in the splendid wren, Malurus splendens
    • Rowley I. The communal way of life in the splendid wren, Malurus splendens. . Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 55:1981;228-267.
    • (1981) . Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie , vol.55 , pp. 228-267
    • Rowley, I.1
  • 75
    • 0026102865 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of delayed marriage: How special are the Irish?
    • Schellenberg J.A. Patterns of delayed marriage. How special are the Irish? Sociological Focus. 24:1991;1-11.
    • (1991) Sociological Focus , vol.24 , pp. 1-11
    • Schellenberg, J.A.1
  • 77
    • 0041057092 scopus 로고
    • Habitat saturation and communal breeding in the acorn woodpecker
    • Stacey P.B. Habitat saturation and communal breeding in the acorn woodpecker. Animal Behaviour. 38:1979;723-725.
    • (1979) Animal Behaviour , vol.38 , pp. 723-725
    • Stacey, P.B.1
  • 78
    • 0001316536 scopus 로고
    • Social plasticity in the acorn woodpecker
    • Stacey P.B., Bock C.E. Social plasticity in the acorn woodpecker. Science. 202:1978;1298-1300.
    • (1978) Science , vol.202 , pp. 1298-1300
    • Stacey, P.B.1    Bock, C.E.2
  • 80
    • 0023490977 scopus 로고
    • Territory quality and dispersal options in the acorn woodpecker, and a challenge to the habitat-saturation model of cooperative breeding
    • Stacey P.B., Ligon J.D. Territory quality and dispersal options in the acorn woodpecker, and a challenge to the habitat-saturation model of cooperative breeding. American Naturalist. 130:1987;654-676.
    • (1987) American Naturalist , vol.130 , pp. 654-676
    • Stacey, P.B.1    Ligon, J.D.2
  • 81
    • 0000584632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polygyny as a risk factor for child mortality among the Dogon of Mali
    • Strassmann B.I. Polygyny as a risk factor for child mortality among the Dogon of Mali. Current Anthropology. 38:1997;688-695.
    • (1997) Current Anthropology , vol.38 , pp. 688-695
    • Strassmann, B.I.1
  • 82
    • 0040463064 scopus 로고
    • The influence of economic conditions on the fertility of women
    • Stys W. The influence of economic conditions on the fertility of women. Population Studies. 11:1957;136-148.
    • (1957) Population Studies , vol.11 , pp. 136-148
    • Stys, W.1
  • 83
    • 0002790839 scopus 로고
    • Helpers at the nest: Childcare networks on Ifaluk
    • L. Betzig, M. Borgerhoff Mulder, & P. Turke. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Turke P. Helpers at the nest. childcare networks on Ifaluk Betzig L., Borgerhoff Mulder M., Turke P. Human Reproductive Behaviour. A Darwinian Perspective:1988;173-188 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1988) Human Reproductive Behaviour: A Darwinian Perspective , pp. 173-188
    • Turke, P.1
  • 84
    • 0009406584 scopus 로고
    • Those who can do: Wealth, status, and reproductive success on Ifaluk
    • Turke P.W., Betzig L.L. those who can do. wealth, status, and reproductive success on Ifaluk Ethology and Sociobiology. 6:1985;79-87.
    • (1985) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.6 , pp. 79-87
    • Turke, P.W.1    Betzig, L.L.2
  • 85
    • 0004183259 scopus 로고
    • United Nations. New York: United Nations
    • United Nations. Demographic Yearbook. New York: United Nations, 1964.
    • (1964) Demographic Yearbook
  • 86
    • 0002921898 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive decisions viewed from an evolutionarily informed historical demography
    • R.I.M. Dunbar. New York: St. Martin's Press
    • Voland E. Reproductive decisions viewed from an evolutionarily informed historical demography. Dunbar R.I.M. Human Reproductive Decisions. Biological and Social Perspectives:1995;137-159 St. Martin's Press, New York.
    • (1995) Human Reproductive Decisions: Biological and Social Perspectives , pp. 137-159
    • Voland, E.1
  • 87
    • 21844514135 scopus 로고
    • Resource competition and reproduction: The relationship between economic and parental strategies in the Krummhorn population (1720-1874)
    • Voland E., Dunbar R.I.M. Resource competition and reproduction. the relationship between economic and parental strategies in the Krummhorn population (1720-1874) Human Nature. 6:1995;33-49.
    • (1995) Human Nature , vol.6 , pp. 33-49
    • Voland, E.1    Dunbar, R.I.M.2
  • 88
    • 0026094053 scopus 로고
    • Cost/benefit oriented parental investment by high status families: The Krummhörn case
    • Voland E., Siegelkow E., Engel C. Cost/benefit oriented parental investment by high status families. the Krummhörn case Ethology and Sociobiology. 12:1991;105-118.
    • (1991) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.12 , pp. 105-118
    • Voland, E.1    Siegelkow, E.2    Engel, C.3
  • 89
    • 0003292346 scopus 로고
    • Marriage in Ireland in the twentieth century
    • A. Cosgrove. Dublin: College Press
    • Walsh B.M. Marriage in Ireland in the twentieth century. Cosgrove A. Marriage in Ireland. 1985;132-150 College Press, Dublin.
    • (1985) Marriage in Ireland , pp. 132-150
    • Walsh, B.M.1
  • 90
    • 0026543922 scopus 로고
    • Delayed dispersal and reproduction as a life-history tactic in cooperative breeders: Fitness calculations from red-cockaded woodpeckers
    • a
    • Walters J.R., Doerr P.D., Carter J.H. III Delayed dispersal and reproduction as a life-history tactic in cooperative breeders. fitness calculations from red-cockaded woodpeckers American Naturalist. 139:1992;623-643. a.
    • (1992) American Naturalist , vol.139 , pp. 623-643
    • Walters, J.R.1    Doerr, P.D.2    Carter J.H. III3
  • 91
    • 0000073075 scopus 로고
    • Test of the ecological basis of cooperative breeding in red-cockaded woodpeckers
    • b
    • Walters J.R., Copeyon C.K., Carter J.H. III Test of the ecological basis of cooperative breeding in red-cockaded woodpeckers. Auk. 109:1992;90-97. b.
    • (1992) Auk , vol.109 , pp. 90-97
    • Walters, J.R.1    Copeyon, C.K.2    Carter J.H. III3
  • 93
    • 0024928484 scopus 로고
    • Assessment, age and proximity in dispersal contests among cooperative wrens: Field experiments
    • Zack S., Rabenold K.N. Assessment, age and proximity in dispersal contests among cooperative wrens. field experiments Animal Behaviour. 38:1989;235-247.
    • (1989) Animal Behaviour , vol.38 , pp. 235-247
    • Zack, S.1    Rabenold, K.N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.