Habit versus planned behaviour: A field experiment

British Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 111-128

  Verplanken, Bas ^a   Aarts, Henk ^c   Van Knippenberg, Ad ^c   Moonen, Anja ^b  

^a RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

^b Foundation for Patients' Advocacy   (Netherlands)

^c NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002116447     PISSN: 01446665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1998.tb01160.x     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Aarts, H. (1996). Habit and decision making: The case of travel mode choice. Unpublished dissertation. University of Nijmegen.
2. Aarts, H., Verplanken, B. & van Knippenberg, A. (1997). Habit and information use in travel mode choices. Acta Psychologica, 96, 1-14.
3. Aiken, L. S. & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
4. Ajzen, I. (1988). Attitudes, Personality, and Social behaviour. Stony Stratford, UK: Open University Press.
5. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
6. Ajzen, I. (1996). The directive influence of attitudes on behavior. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds), The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior. London: Guilford.
7. Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
8. Armitage, C. J. & Conner, M. (1996). Efficacy of the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analytic review. Unpublished manuscript, University of Leeds.
9. Bagozzi, R. P. (1981). Attitudes, intentions and behavior: A test of some key hypotheses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 607-627.
10. Beach, L. R. & Mitchell, T. R. (1978). A contingency model for the selection of decision strategies. Academy of Management Review, 3, 439-449.
11. Bem, D. J. (1967). Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Psychological Review, 74, 183-200.
12. Bentler, P. M. & Speckart, G. (1979). Models of attitude-behavior relations. Psychological Review, 86, 452-464.
13. Bentler, P. M. & Speckart, G. (1981). Attitudes 'cause' behaviors: A structural equation analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 226-238.
14. Biddle, B. J., Bank, B. J. & Slavings, R. L. (1987). Norms, preferences, identities and retention decisions. Social Psychology Quarterly, 50, 322-337.
15. Brewer, M. B. (1988). A dual process model of impression formation. In T. K. Srull & R. S. Weyer Jr (Eds), Advances in Social Cognition, vol. 1. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
16. Chaiken, S. (1987). The heuristic model of persuasion. In M. P. Zanna, J. M. Olson & C. P. Herman (Eds), Social Influence: The Ontario Symposium, vol. 5. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
17. Charng, H.-W., Piliavin, J. A. & Callero, P. L. (1988). Role identity and reasoned action in the prediction of repeated behavior. Social Psychology Quarterly, 51, 303-317.
18. Dahlstrand, U. & Biel, A. (1997). Pro-environmental habits: Propensity levels in behavioural change. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 588-601.
19. Dunlap, W. P. & Kemery, E. R. (1987). Failure to detect moderating effects: Is multicollinearity the problem? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 418-420.
20. Durkheim, E. (1893). The Division of Labor in Society. Transl. by G. Simpson. New York: Free Press, 1933/1964.
21. Eagly, A. H. & Chaiken, S. (1993). The Psychology of Attitudes. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
22. Fazio, R. H. (1990). Multiple processes by which attitudes guide behavior: The MODE model as an integrative framework. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, vol. 23. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
23. Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
24. Fiske, S. T. & Neuberg, S. L. (1990). A continuum of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influences of information and motivation on attention and interpretation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 23, 1-74.
25. Fredricks, A. J. & Dossett, D. L. (1983). Attitude-behavior relations: A comparison of the Fishbein-Ajzen and the Bentler-Speckart models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 501-512.
26. Godin, G. & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11, 87-98.
27. Gollwitzer, P. M. (1993). Goal achievement: The role of intentions. European Review of Social Psychology, 4, 141-185.
28. Gollwitzer, P. M. (1996). The volitional benefits of planning. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds), The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior. London: Guilford.
29. Granberg, D. & Holmberg, S. (1990). The intention-behavior relationship among U.S. and Swedish voters. Social Psychology Quarterly, 53, 44-54.
30. Hull, C. L. (1943). Principles of Behavior: An Introduction to Behavior Theory. New York: Appleton-Century Crofts.
31. James, W. (1890). The Principles of Psychology, vol. 1. London: Macmillan.
32. Kraus, S. J. (1995). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 58-75.
33. Kruglanski, A. W. & Freund, T. (1983). The freezing and unfreezing of lay-inferences: Effects on impressional primacy, ethnic stereotyping, and numerical anchoring. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 448-468.
34. Manstead, A. S. R. & Parker, D. (1995). Evaluating and extending the theory of planned behaviour. European Review of Social Psychology, 6, 69-95.
35. Manstead, A. S. R., Proffitt, C. & Smart, J. L. (1983). Predicting and understanding mothers' infant-feeding intention and behavior: Testing the theory of reasoned action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 657-671.
36. Mittal, B. (1988). Achieving higher seat belt usage: The role of habit in bridging the attitude-behavior gap. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 18, 993-1016.
37. Ouellette, J. A. & Wood, W. (1997). Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior.
38. Paisley, C. M. & Sparks, P. (1997). Expectations of reducing fat intake: The role of perceived need within the theory of planned behaviour. Psychology and Health (in press).
39. Parker, D., Manstead, A. S. R. & Stradling, S. G. (1995). Extending the theory of planned behaviour: The role of personal norm. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 127-137.
40. Payne, J. W. (1982). Contingent decision behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 382-402.
41. Petty, R. E. & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change. New York: Springer-Verlag.
42. Pieters, R. G. M. & Verplanken, B. (1995). Intention-behavior consistency: Effects of consideration set size, involvement, and need for cognition. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 531-543.
43. Richard, R., van der Pligt, J. & de Vries, N. (1995). Anticipated affective reactions and prevention of AIDS. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 9-21.
44. Ronis, D. L., Yates, J. F. & Kirscht, J. P. (1989). Attitudes, decisions, and habits as determinants of repeated behavior. In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler & A. G. Greenwald (Eds), Attitude Structure and Function. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
45. Schank, R. C. & Abelson, R. P. (1977). Scripts, Plans, Goals, and Understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
46. Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J. & Warshaw, P. R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 325-343.
47. Sparks, P. & Shepherd, R. (1992). Self-identity and the theory of planned behavior: Assessing the role of identification with 'green consumerism'. Social Psychology Quarterly, 55, 388-399.
48. Sudman, S. & Ferber, R. (1979). Consumer Panels. Chicago, IL: American Marketing Association.
49. Terry, D. J. & Hogg, M. A. (1996). Group norms and the attitude-behavior relationship: A role for group identification. Personality and Social Psychology bulletin, 22, 776-793.
50. Terry, D. J. & O'Leary, J. E. (1995). The theory of planned behaviour: The effects of perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 199-220.
51. Triandis, H. C. (1977). Interpersonal Behavior. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
52. Triandis, H. C. (1980). Values, attitudes, and interpersonal behavior. In H. E. Howe Jr & M. M. Page (Eds), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1979. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
53. van den Putte, B. (1993). On the theory of reasoned action. Unpublished dissertation, University of Amsterdam.
54. Verplanken, B. (1989). Involvement and need for cognition as moderators of beliefs-attitude-intention consistency. British Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 115-122.
55. Verplanken, B., Aarts, H. & van Knippenberg, A. (1997). Habit, information acquisition, and the process of making travel mode choices. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 539-560.
56. Verplanken, B., Aarts, H., van Knippenberg, A. & van Knippenberg, C. (1994). Attitude versus general habit: Antecedents of travel mode choice. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 285-300.
57. Verplanken, B. & Svenson, O. (1997). Personal involvement in human decision-making: On conceptualisations and effects on decision processes. In R. Ranyard, W. R. Crozier & O. Svenson (Eds), Decision Making: Cognitive Models and Explanations. London: Routledge.
58. Watson, J. B. (1914). Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Behavior. New York: Holt.