Competing intermolecular and intramolecular hydride transfers in the ionic hydrogenation of (2-alkoxyphenyl)di(1-adamantyl)-methanols

Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transactions 2

Volumn , Issue 8, 1999, Pages 1639-1648

  Lomas, John S ^a   Vaissermann, Jacqueline ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DESCARTES   (France)

^b SORBONNE UNIVERSITÉ   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002048569     PISSN: 03009580     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1039/a903303c     Document Type: Article

References (66)

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42. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
43. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
44. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
45. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
46. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
47. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
48. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
49. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
50. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
51. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
52. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
53. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
54. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
55. For recent contributions to the silylium ion debate, see: S. H. Strauss, Chemtracts: Inorg. Chem., 1993, 5, 119; J. B. Lambert, S. Zhang and S. M. Ciro, Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430; J. B. Lambert and S Zhang, Science, 1994, 263, 984; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Li, H. A. Buchholz, G. Sandford and G. K. S. Prakash, Science, 1994, 263, 983; L. Pauling, Science, 1994, 263, 983; C. A. Reed and Z. Xie, Science, 1994, 263, 985; J. B. Lambert, L. Kania and S. Zhang, Chem. Rev., 1995, 95, 1191; G. A. Olah, G. Rasul, X. Y. Li and G. K. S. Prakash, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1995, 132, 569; Z. Xie, R. Bau, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, Organometallics, 1995, 14, 3933; L. Olsson, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 7460; M. Arshadi, D. Johnels, U. Edlund, C. H. Ottosson and D. Cremer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5120; Z. Xie, J. Manning, R. W. Reed, R. Mathur, P. D. W. Boyd, A. Benesi and C. A. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 2922; J. B. Lambert and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 400; H. U. Steinberger, T. Müller, N. Auner, C. Maerker and P. v. R. Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 626; P. v. R. Schleyer, Science, 1997, 275, 39; J. Belzner, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 1277; C. A. Reed, Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 325.
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